Download M / C Review Chapter 14

AP US History
Mr. Blackmon
Chapter 14 Sectional Crisis
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In the 1850s, the South differed from the North in that the South had
A.
a better-developed transportation system
B.
a better-educated White population
C.
less interest in evangelical religion
D.
fewer European immigrants.
E.
more cities.
The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was
the
A
measure's endorsement of popular sovereignty
B
admittance of Missouri as a slave state and the establishment of the 36°30'
line
C
passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act
D
admittance of Texas as a slave state
E
legislation permitted the surveying of a southern transcontinental railway
line
The Southern economy before the Civil War increasingly
A
diversified, with more industry and more mechanized agriculture
B
produced more cotton and other crops but did not develop much
industry
C
depended on immigrant labor
D
produced tobacco and sugar rather than cotton
E
depended on the North for raw materials
Which of the following best describes the position on slavery of most northerners
during the sectional crises of the 1850s?
A
They were willing to accept slavery where it existed but opposed further
expansion to the territories
B
They were active supporters of complete abolition
C
They favored continued importation of slaves from Africa
D
They advocated expansion of the slave system to provide cheap labor for
northern factories
E
They advocated complete social and political equality for all races in the
United States
For farmers and planters in the South, the 1850s was a period of
A.
Low prices for agricultural products.
B.
Rapid and violent fluctuations in crop prices.
C.
High crop prices due to repeated crop failures.
D.
High crop prices and sustained prosperity.
E.
Desperate poverty culminating in the Panic of 1857.
The most divisive and controversial aspect of the slavery issue during the first
half of the nineteenth century was
A.
The status of slavery in the District of Columbia
B.
The right of abolitionists to send their literature through the U.S. mail
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C.
The enforcement of the draconian Fugitive Slave Law
D.
The status of slavery in the territories
E.
The prohibition of the international slave trade
William Lloyd Garrison in his publication The Liberator was outspoken in calling
for
A.
The gradual and compensated emancipation of slaves.
B.
Colonization of slaves to some place outside the boundaries of the United
States.
C.
Repeal of the congressional “gag rule.”
D.
Immediate and uncompensated emancipation of slaves.
E.
The strict maintenance of the constitutional doctrine of states’ rights.
The call for the "immediate and uncompensated emancipation of the slaves" is
associated with the position of
A.
the Free Soil Party
B.
the evangelical churches in both the North and the South.
C.
Abraham Lincoln in his debate with Stephen A. Douglas at Freeport,
Illinois.
D.
John Quincy Adams in his demands for repeal of the "gag rule."
E.
William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator.
“Let Southern oppressors tremble . . . . I shall strenously contend for immediate
enfranchisement . . . . I will be as harsh as truth and as uncompromising as
justice.”
The author of the statement above was
A
John C. Calhoun
B
Stephen A. Douglas
C
Henry Clay
D
Abraham Lincoln
E
William Lloyd Garrison
The main issue of the 1850s Free-Soil party was that
A.
The federal government should permit no further spread of slavery in
the territories
B.
A homestead act should be passed, granting 160 acres of government land
in the West free to anyone who would settle on it and improve it for five
years.
C.
The federal government should oversee immediate and uncompensated
abolition of slavery
D.
Freed slaves should be provided with 40 acres and two mules to provide
them the economic means of independent self-support
E.
The United States should annex Cuba.
The principle of “popular sovereignty” was
A.
First conceived by Senator Stephen A. Douglas
B.
Applied as part of the Missouri Compromise
C.
A central feature of the Kansas-Nebraska Act
D.
A policy favored by the Whig Party during the late 1840s and early 1850s
E.
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Successful in solving the impasse over the status of slavery in the
territories.
Which of the following states the principle of "popular sovereignty"?
A.
Congress has the right to decide where slavery shall and shall not exist.
B.
The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or
not slavery will be permitted there.
C.
Individual citizens can decide for themselves whether or not to hold
slaves.
D.
The American people shall decide where slavery will exist through a
national plebiscite.
E.
Individual states have the right to reject congressional decisions pertaining
to slavery.
The first attempt to apply the doctrine of popular sovereignty in determining the
status of slavery occurred in
A
Texas
B
California
C
Kansas
D
Missouri
E
Oregon
In its decision Dred Scott v Sanford, the Supreme Court held that
A.
Separate facilities for different races were inherently unequal and
therefore unconstitutional.
B.
No black slave could be a citizen of the United States.
C.
Separate but equal facilities for different races were constitutional.
D.
Affirmative Action programs were acceptable only when it could be
proven that specific previous cases of discrimination had occurred within
the institution or business in question.
E.
Imposition of a literacy test imposed an unconstitutional barrier to the
right to vote.
Which of the following statements about the Dred Scott decision is correct?
A.
It recognized the power of Congress to prohibit slavery in the territories
but refused on technical grounds to free Scott.
B.
It stated that Black people were not citizens of the United States.
C.
It upheld the constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise.
D.
It upheld the principle of popular sovereignty.
E.
It freed Scott, but not other slaves in circumstances similar to Scott's.
The Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case in 1857 effectively repealed
the
A
Missouri Compromise
B
Fugitive Slave Act
C
Ostend Manifesto
D
Wilmot Proviso
E
Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution
". . . the descendants of Africans who were imported into this country and sold as
slaves . . . are not included, and were not intended to be included, under the word
'citizens' in the Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the rights and
privileges which that instrument provides for and secures to citizens of the United
States."
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The passage above is from which of the following:
A.
Marbury v. Madison
B.
The Liberty Party platform
C.
McCulloch v. Maryland
D.
Dred Scott v. Sanford
E.
The Freedman's Bureau act of 1865
Which of the following principles was established by the Dred Scott decision?
A
Congress could abolish slavery at will
B
National legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the
territories
C
The rights of all people are protected by the Constitution
D
Slaves residing in a free state automatically became free
E
Through squatter sovereignty, a territory hd the sole right to determine the
states of slavery within its territorial limits
The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 created a firestorm of opposition because it
A.
prohibited slavery in Kansas and Nebraska as well as confirming the
rights of New Mexico and Arizona settlers to prohibit slavery
B.
extended the northernmost boundary for slavery, as defined in the
Missouri Compromise, from the southern border of Missouri and the
western border of the Louisiana territory to the Pacific Ocean
C.
allowed slavery north of the line agreed upon in the Missouri
Compromise, effectively repealing it
D.
mandated the extension of slavery in all Western territories except
California in return for the creation of the Nebraska and Kansas territories
E.
legally repealed the doctrine of popular sovereignty in the Western
territories.
The demise of the Whig party and th rise of the Republican party resulted
primarily from
A.
John Brown’s raid
B.
The Missouri Compromise
C.
The Compromise of 1850
D.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
E.
The Lincoln-Douglas debates
Which of the following statements is true of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
A.
It led to the disintegration of the Democratic Party.
B.
It was a measure that the South had been demanding for decades.
C
It led directly to the formation of the Republican Party
D
By applying “popular sovereignty” to territories formerly closed to
slavery by the Missouri Compromise, it succeeded in maintaining the
tenuous sectional peace that had been created by the Compromise of
1850
E
It assured that its sponsor, Senator Stephen A. Douglas, would receive the
1856 Democratic presidential nomination.
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) heightened the sectional crisis because it:
A.
repealed the Missouri Compromise.
B.
repealed the Fugitive Slave Act
C.
made Kansas and Nebraska free states
D.
stimulated Southern emigration to the territories taken from Mexico.
E.
signaled acceptance of the principle of the Wilmot Proviso.
In his famous “Freeport Doctrine” set forth in his debate with Abraham Lincoln at
Freeport, Illinois, Stephen A. Douglas stated that
A.
Any territory desiring to exclude slavery could do so simply by declining
to pass laws protecting it.
B.
Any state wishing to secede from the Union could do so simply by the
vote of a special state constitutional convention.
C.
No state had the right to obstruct the operation of the Fugitive Slave Act
by the passage of “personal liberty laws.
D
The Dred Scott decision prohibited any territorial legislation from
excluding slavery until a state constitution was drawn up for approval by
Congress
E.
Any slaveholder was free to take his slaves anywhere within the United
States without hindrance by state, federal, or territorial governments.
John Brown's raid on the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry and his subsequent trial
and execution had the effect of
A.
making a martyr of John Brown and convincing many Southerners that
secession from the Union was the only way they could prevent the
increasingly abolitionist North from interfering with slavery in the
South.
B.
discrediting the abolitionist movement in the eyes of most people and
convincing most Southerners that the North would not support forceful
efforts to end slavery, despite verbal attacks on slavery by Northern
abolitionists
C.
inciting a series of slave revolts that resulted in the deaths of thousands of
Southern slaves, further enraging both Northern abolitionists and Southern
slaveholders.
D.
sparking a virtual civil war in the state of Nebraska over the issue of
slavery
E.
exposing a pro-slavery plot to assassinate the leaders of several
abolitionist groups and discrediting the prosecution despite Brown being
found guilty.
In the presidential campaign of 1860, which of the following positions was
asserted by the Republican party platform with respect to slavery?
A.
Slavery should be abolished immediately by the federal government.
B.
The extension of slavery to other countries should be prohibited.
C
The Missouri Compromise Line (36E 30') should be extended to the
Pacific Ocean, and slavery should be prohibited in territories above that
line.
D.
26.
The gradual emancipation of the slaves should begin, and the federal
government should compensate slave owners for the loss of slave
property.
E.
The extension of slavery to United States territories should be prohibited
by the federal government, but slavery should be protected in the states
where it already existed.
Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election primarily because
A.
There was overwhelming support throughout the country for the
Republicans’ antislavery platform
B.
He was seen as a moderate, by both Northerners and Southerners, who
could possibly negotiate a compromise between abolitionists and
slaveholders
C.
He gathered overwhelming support in the highly populated Northern
states while his three opponents divided the anti-Lincoln vote in the
North, West, and South
D
The Know-Nothing party gave Lincoln its endorsement, and combined
with Republican support, the two parties were able to outpoll the
politically isolated Democrats
E.
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He was able to discredit his chief opponent, Stephen Douglas, as a “closet
abolitionist”
The map below depicts the United States immediately after which of the
following events?
A
Passage of the Compromise of 1850
B
Negotiation of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty
C
Passage of the Northwest Ordinance
D
Settlement of the Mexican War
E
Passage of the Missouri Compromise
The Republican Party originated in the mid-1850's as a sectional party committed
to which of the following?
A
Opposition to the further extension of slavery into the territories
B
immediate emancipation of the slaves
C
repeal of Whig economic policies
D
restriction of immigration
E
acknowledgement of Popular Sovereignty as the basis for organizing
federal territories.
The Republican Party of the 1850s took which of the following positions on
slavery?
A
Residents of territories could decide on the basis of popular sovereignty
whether to have slavery
B
Slavery could remain where it existed but should not be extended into
territories or new states
C
The federal government should abolish slavery
D
The federal government should purchase slaves from their masters and
relocate them to the west coast of Africa
E
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Slavery was a state issue, and the federal government should play no role
in its regulation
All of the following contributed to Northern fear of a slave power conspiracy in
the 1840s and 1850s EXCEPT the
A
enforcement of a new fugitive slave law
B
decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case
C
imposition of a gag rule in the House of Representatives
D
proposal of the Ostend Manifesto
E
passage of the Wilmot Proviso
The four slave states which remained in the Union during the Civil War were
A
Vrrginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas
B
Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland and Delaware
C
Kansas, Missouri, Arkansas and Maryland
D
Tennessee, Kentucky, Arkansas and Maryland
E
Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey and Missouri
In the election of 1860, all of the following were candidates for president
EXCEPT
A
Stephen A. Douglas
B
John C. Breckinridge
C
Abraham Lincoln
D
John Bell
E
George B. McClellan
In its Declaration of Causes of Secession of December 1860, South Carolina
charged that fourteen states "have deliberately refused for years past to fulfill
their constitutional obligations."
A
three-fifths clause
B
fugitive slave clause
C
process for amending the Constitution
D
process for organizing new territories
E
process for apportioning new representatives to Congress