Download Examples - Net Start Class

Ecosystems TEST Review
Created by Jeff Clary
5/16/13
1. What is a producer? Give three
examples
A producer is an organism which “produces”
its own energy. Most producers are
plants that use photosynthesis to capture
sunlight and produce carbohydrates from
oxygen and water.
Examples: poison ivy, tulips, grass
2. What is a consumer? Give three
examples.
A consumer is an organism which gets its
energy by consuming other organisms.
Examples: bats, anteaters and ants
3. What is a decomposer? Give an
example.
A decomposer is an organism
which breaks down dead or decaying
materials.
Examples: mushrooms, worms, bacteria
4. What is a scavenger? Give an
example.
A scavenger is an organism which feeds on
dead or decaying animals. Really, isn’t it a
type of carnivore?!
Examples: vulture
5. What is an herbivore? Give three
examples.
A herbivore is a special type of consumer
that eats only plants. Herbivores are firstlevel consumers.
Examples: gazelle, giraffe, caterpillar
6. What is a carnivore? Give three
examples.
A carnivore is a special type of consumer
that eats other animals. Carnivores are
second or third (pinnacle) level consumers.
Examples: jaguar, robin, fish
7. What is an omnivore? Give two
examples.
An omnivore is a special type of consumer
that eats both plants and animals.
Examples: grizzly bear, coyote, Mr. Clary
8. What is competition? Describe an
example of competition.
Competition is the struggle between
organisms for the limited resources in an
ecosystem.
Examples: A tree shading out grass for
sunlight.
Two vultures fighting over a dead armadillo.
9. What is biodiversity?
• Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth
and the essential interdependence of all
living things
• The tremendous variety of life on Earth is
made possible by complex interactions
among all living things including microscopic
species like algae and mites.
9. What is biodiversity (cont’d)?
There are 3 components of biodiversity
A) Diversity of genes
Chihuahuas, beagles, and Rottweilers are all dogs—but
they're not the same because their genes are different.
Chihuahua
Beagle
Rottweilers
9. What is biodiversity (cont’d)?
There are 3 components of biodiversity
B) Diversity of species
For example, monkeys, dragonflies, and meadow
beauties are all different species.
Saki Monkey
Golden Skimmer
Meadow Beauty
9. What is biodiversity (cont’d)?
There are 3 components of biodiversity
C) Variety of ecosystems
Prairies, Ponds, and tropical rain forests are all
ecosystems. Each one is different, with its own
set of species living in it.
Paines Prairie
Florida Sand hill Pond
Hoh Rain Forest
10. What is predation? Give an
example.
Predation is the situation when one
organism hunts, kills and consumes another
organism.
Examples: a venus-fly-trap and a fly
Or
A snack and a field mouse
11. What is a symbiotic relationship?
Symbiosis is a relationship between two
different organisms in which at least one of
the organisms benefits.
12. What are the three types of symbiotic
relationships? Give an example of each.
Mutualism: both benefit. Example: a
cowbird on a cow.
Commensalism: one benefits, the other is
unaffected. Example: a bird’s nest in a tree.
Parasitism: one benefits, the other is
unharmed. Example: a mosquito on your
arm.
13. Describe how humans impact an
ecosystem. Give an example.
14. What is a biotic factor? Give two
examples.
A biotic factor is a living factor in an
ecosystem.
Examples: bacteria, palm trees, starlings
15. What is an abiotic factor? Give two
examples
An abiotic factor is the non-living parts of
the ecosystem.
Examples: rocks, air, water
16. Draw a simple food web. Be sure
the energy arrows point in the correct
direction.
16. (cont’d) Identify a producer
SOME
BIRD
EAGLE
RABBIT
SNAKE
MOUSE
GRASSHOPPER
GRASS
16. (cont’d) Identify a first level
consumer…
SOME
BIRD
EAGLE
RABBIT
SNAKE
MOUSE
GRASSHOPPER
GRASS
16. (cont’d) Identify a second level
consumer…
SOME
BIRD
EAGLE
RABBIT
SNAKE
MOUSE
GRASSHOPPER
GRASS
16. (cont’d) Identify an herbivore
SOME
BIRD
EAGLE
RABBIT
SNAKE
MOUSE
GRASSHOPPER
GRASS
16. (cont’d) Identify a carnivore
SOME
BIRD
EAGLE
RABBIT
SNAKE
MOUSE
GRASSHOPPER
GRASS
16. (cont’d) Identify a predator/prey
relationship
SOME
BIRD
EAGLE
RABBIT
SNAKE
MOUSE
GRASSHOPPER
GRASS
17. Draw a sample energy pyramid
(using organisms from your food web).
How much energy is transferred to each
level? Which has the most energy
available? The least?
Least Energy available (relies on finding
Other organisms for “dinner!”)
eagle
mouse
grasshopper
grass
Most Energy available (unlimited sunlight)
More energy info on next slide
Energy Pyramid
14. What is a defense strategy? List the
common defense strategies, give an
example of each (hint: pages 664-665).
Camouflage: fish – dark top, light belly
Protective Coverings: porcupine
Warning Colors: Poison dart frog
Mimicry: King snake (like coral snake)
False Coloring: Black dot on a fish/not eye