Download W orld AffAirs AnnuAl 2011 skills mAnuAl

A supplement to Junior scholastic
s
A
r
n
i
a
n
f
u
f
a
A
Vol. 113, Nos. 4 & 5 ISSN 0022-6688
01 1
Worl
l2
d
october 25/November 8, 2010
www.SCHOLASTIC.com/jS
sk
ill s
u
n
ma
l
a
s k ill s m a n u a l 2011
cover: butch martin/photographer’s choicE/getty images; maps: Jim mcmahon/mapman™, Scholastic Inc.
Dear Colleague,
As educators, we have
extraordinary challenges—
and opportunities. We
help our students
navigate a
complex world
by bringing
it into our
classrooms.
There, we
encourage
young minds
to explore
that world,
and to become
more familiar
with it as they seek to
understand the who, what,
where, why, how, and what-if
of global events. Our goal is
to have students grow into
well-informed, analytical,
responsible, and active citizens.
The editors of Junior
Scholastic and I have prepared
the repro­du­cible work sheets
and maps on the following
pages to help you and your
students build on the breadth
of information packed into the
World Affairs Annual 2011,
the latest edition of our special
double issue.
Whether printed out and
distributed to students,
or projected on
an interactive
whiteboard,
these work
sheets can
help you
check your
students’
reading
compre­
hension, criticalthinking skills,
visual literacy, and
ability to interpret data.
We would love to hear how
you use these materials, what
is and isn’t successful, and
any ideas you may have for
future editions of this Skills
Manual. Please write to us at
[email protected].
Sincerely,
C ON T E N T S
Supplement to the
Junior Scholastic
World Affairs
annual 2011
October 25/November 8, 2010
2 JS
Atlas
One work sheet and
one blank map for each
continent/region map in
the student issue.
North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
South America . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Middle East . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Oceania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
14 AJS
workAlmanac
sheet and ­discussion
questions based on the
student issue’s tables.
Answers
Lois Cohen, author
Skills Manual 2011
See the “Reproducibles Online”
box on p. T-4 of your October 25/
November 8, 2010, Teacher’s
Edition for access information.
The reproducible work sheets on the following pages are based on the maps
and facts in the October 25/November 8, 2010, issue of Junior Scholastic.
Students will need that issue to complete the work sheets.
Editorial address: Junior Scholastic, 557 Broadway, New York, NY 10012-3999 or e-mail [email protected]
Customer-service inquiries: 1-800-SCHOLASTIC or [email protected]
JS Atlas
sk ill s man ual 2011
EQUATOR
Map of North America
FAST FACTS
Area: 9.4 million square miles,
the third-largest continent. Only
Asia and Africa are larger.
Population: About 539 million
people. It ranks fourth among
the continents, after Asia, Africa,
and Europe.
Location: North America
includes Greenland, Canada,
the United States, Mexico,
the seven countries of Central
America, and the islands of the
Caribbean Sea.
Physical features: North America
has three major mountain
ranges, the Rocky Mountains, the
Appalachian Mountains, and the
NORTH AMERICA
Sierra Madres. Major waterways
include Hudson Bay, the five
Great Lakes, and the Mississippi
and St. Lawrence Rivers.
Elevation: highest, Mount
McKinley (Denali) in Alaska,
20,320 ft above sea level;
lowest, Death Valley, California,
282 ft below sea level.
Locate and identify the geographical features of North America that match these descriptions. Where you see
an asterisk (*), write the name of the country and/or geographical feature on the outline map.
1.The national capital at 45°N, 76°W: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.The narrow body of water that separates North America and Asia: __________________________________________________________________*
3.The four Great Lakes that form part of the long border shared by Canada and the U.S.: __________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
4.Central America is the North American region made up of the seven countries south of Mexico. Name the
one that is known as the “bridge” between North America and South America:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
5.The body of water at 15°N, 75°W, bordered by Cuba and Central America: _ _____________________________________________________*
Bonus Question (Do some research to find the answer. If more space is needed, write on the back of this page.)
What caused the huge oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in the spring of 2010? ______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
Name:__________________________________________________________
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
0
0
300
300
600 MI
600 KM
N
W
E
S
junior scholastic • WORLD AFFAIRS skills manual 2011
3
JS Atlas
sk ill s man ual 2011
EQUATOR
Map of South America
FAST FACTS
Area: South America’s
6.9 million square miles make it
the fourth-­largest continent.
Population: With 391 million
people, it ranks fifth among the
continents in population.
Location: South America stretches
from the Caribbean Sea in
the north to Cape Horn at the
continent’s southern tip.
Physical features: Earth’s longest
mountain chain hugs the western
edge of South America. The
continent’s longest river begins
in the mountains of Peru and
flows eastward for about 4,000
miles to the Atlantic Ocean. The
SOUTH AMERICA
huge area drained by this river
and its tributaries covers more
than one third of South America
and receives enough rainfall
to sustain the world’s largest
tropical rain forest.
Elevation: Argentina’s Aconcagua,
at 22,835 ft, is the tallest mountain in the Western Hemisphere.
Locate and identify the geographical features of South America that match these descriptions. Where you see
an asterisk (*), write the name of the country and/or geographical feature on the outline map.
1.The countries at the Tropic of Capricorn (23°27'S), west to east: _____________________________________________________________________*
2.The capital at 16°S, 68°W, which is the world’s highest (elevation 12,500 feet above sea level):
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.The sea, oceans, and canals through which you would travel if you were to sail a ship around South America,
beginning and ending at Barranquilla, Colombia, and following the coastline: ____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
4.The country at 15°S, 45°W, which makes up nearly half the continent: _ __________________________________________________________*
5.The continent’s longest river (and world’s second-longest), which is more than 4,000 miles long and has
more than 1,000 tributaries: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bonus Question (Do some research to find the answer. If more space is needed, write on the back of this page.)
Each year, more and more trees in Brazil’s Amazon rain forest are cut down to clear the land. Why is this
deforestation a serious problem for both Brazil and the world? _ _______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
Name:__________________________________________________________
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
N
W
E
S
0
0
300
300
600 MI
600 KM
junior scholastic • WORLD AFFAIRS skills manual 2011
5
JS Atlas
sk ill s man ual 2011
EQUATOR
Map of Africa
FAST FACTS
Area: Africa’s 11.7 million square
miles make it the second-largest
continent. Only Asia is larger.
Population: With just over
1 billion people, Africa ranks
second among the continents
in population.
Location: Africa stretches from
AFRICA
the Mediterranean Sea in the
north to the tip of South Africa.
Physical features: The world’s
largest desert extends across
northern Africa from the Atlantic
Ocean to the Red Sea. The
area south of the desert has
tropical rain forests, savannas
(grasslands), deserts, and
several major rivers. The world’s
longest river, 4,160 miles long,
begins as two rivers, whose
waters converge in Sudan and
flow north to the sea.
Elevation: highest, Mount
­­Kili­man­jaro, Tanzania (19,340 ft);
lowest, Lake Assal, Djibouti
(509 ft below sea level).
Locate and identify the geographical features of Africa that match these descriptions. Where you see an
asterisk (*), write the name of the country and/or geographical feature on the outline map.
1.The world’s largest desert, which stretches from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea in northern Africa:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
2.The large body of water north of Africa, whose name means “in the middle of the land”:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
3.The river that crosses the equator twice on its journey to the Atlantic Ocean: _________________________________________________
4.The countries through which the equator passes, west to east: ___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
5.Direction in which you would travel if you were to fly from Zambia’s capital to Namibia’s: _____________________________
Bonus Question (Do some research to find the answer. If more space is needed, write on the back of this page.)
What is unique about the history of Liberia, a country on the west coast of Africa? ________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
Name:__________________________________________________________
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
0
200
400
600 MI
0 200 400 600 KM
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
7
JS Atlas
sk ill s man ual 2011
EQUATOR
Map of Europe
FAST FACTS
Area: With an area of about
4 million square miles, Europe is
the sixth largest continent.
Population: Europe is densely
populated, with 739 million
people. (This includes Russia,
which lies partly in Europe and
partly in Asia.)
EUROPE
Location: Europe and Asia share
the same landmass, ­Eurasia. The
dividing line between the two
continents, according to most
geographers, is formed by the
Ural Mountains, the Ural River,
and the Caucasus Mountains.
North to south, Europe runs
from the cold Arctic region to
warm, sunny beaches along the
Mediterranean Sea.
Physical features: Europe has
much excellent farmland and is
rich in mineral resources. Russia’s Volga River, at 2,300 miles,
is the continent’s longest.
Elevation: Mount Elbrus, Russia
(18,510 ft), is Europe’s highest.
Locate and identify the geographical features of Europe that match these descriptions. Where you see an
asterisk (*), write the name of the country and/or geographical feature on the outline map.
1.The national capital at 39°N, 9°W: _ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.The countries that share a border with Poland: __________________________________________________________________________________________________*
3.The three political units that, along with England, form the United Kingdom: _ _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
4.The countries along the prime meridian (0° longitude), from north to south: ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
5.The river and two mountain chains that serve as dividing lines between Europe and Asia:
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
Bonus Question (Do some research to find the answer. If more space is needed, write on the back of this page.)
What event in Iceland made Eyjafjallajökull (also known as E15, for the first letter plus 15 others) headline
news in the spring of 2010? How did it affect all of Europe? _________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
Name:__________________________________________________________
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
9
0
0
200
400 KM
200
400 MI
W
N
S
E
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
JS Atlas
sk ill s man ual 2011
EQUATOR
Map of Asia
ASIA
FAST FACTS
Physical features: Asia includes
Area: At 17 million square
the cold expanse of Siberia in the
Arctic region; the rich farmland
of China and India; and the
warm, humid rain forests of
Southeast Asia. Asia includes
the island nations of Indonesia,
the Philippines, Japan, and
Malaysia, among others.
miles, Asia is the largest
continent. It occupies one third
of the world’s land area.
Population: Asia’s 4.2 billion
people are three fifths of the
world population. This includes
Turkey (partly in Europe).
Elevation: highest (in the
world as well as in Asia),
Mount Everest (29,035 ft) on
the border of Nepal and China
and part of the Himalaya
mountains; lowest, the Dead
Sea (1,385 ft below sea level),
a saltwater lake on the border
of Jordan and Israel.
Locate and identify the geographical features of Asia that match these descriptions. Where you see an asterisk
(*), write the name of the country and/or geographical feature on the outline map.
1.The enormous desert at 42°N, 100°E and the two countries in which it is located: _ _________________________________________
2.The world’s highest mountain range, which includes Mount Everest, formed millions of years ago by the
collision of two major tectonic plates: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
3.The country at 6°S, 110°E, which has the world’s largest Muslim population: _________________________________________________*
4.The direction in which you would fly traveling from Manila, Philippines, to Shanghai, China: _______________________*
5.The continent’s longest river (3,900 mi), which begins in south-central China and flows northeast to the
East China Sea: _ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*
Bonus Question (Do some research to find the answer. If more space is needed, write on the back of this page.)
Historically one country, South Korea and North Korea became two countries after World War II (1939-1945).
What factors would make reunification difficult—perhaps impossible—to achieve? __________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
Name:__________________________________________________________
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
11
W
S
N
E
0
0
500
1,000 MI
1,000 KM
500
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
JS Atlas
sk ill s man ual 2011
EQUATOR
Map of the Middle East
FAST FACTS
Location: The Middle East is a
region, not a continent. Mostly
in Asia, it extends into Africa
(Egypt), and Europe (a small
section of Turkey). Islam is the
dominant religion everywhere
except Israel (Judaism) and
Middle East Oceania
Cyprus (Christianity).
Physical features: Much of the
Middle East is desert; several
countries are major oil producers.
Locate and identify the places in the Middle East that match the descriptions below. Where you see an
asterisk (*), write the name of the country or geographical feature on the map.
1.The national capital at 36°N, 51°E: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.The rivers forming an area known as “the cradle of civilization,” in what today is Iraq: ___________________________________
3.The countries that share a border with the United Arab Emirates: ___________________________________________________________________*
4.The country at 25°N, 45°E, which has the world’s largest oil reserves: ____________________________________________________________*
5.The direction in which you would travel from Cairo, Egypt, to Ankara, Turkey: _ ______________________________________________*
Map of Oceania
FAST FACTS
Location: Oceania, like the
Middle East, is a region, not a
continent. It includes Australia,
New Zealand, and many other
island countries and ­territories
spread across a vast area of the
Pacific Ocean.
Elevation: highest, Puncak
Jaya, West Papua, Indonesia
(16,503 ft); lowest, Lake Eyre,
Australia (50 ft below sea level).
Locate and identify the places in Oceania that match the descriptions below. Where you see an asterisk (*),
write the name of the country or geographical feature on the map.
1.The two oceans that border the island countries and territories of Oceania: ____________________________________________________
2.The national capital at 7°N, 171°E: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.The landmass at 25°S, 135°E, which is a continent as well as a country: ________________________________________________________*
4.Off that land’s northeastern coast, the world’s longest coral reef (about 1,400 miles long): _____________________________
5.Any two island territories governed by France: __________________________________________________________________________________________________*
12
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
Name:__________________________________________________________
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
N
W
E
S
0
0
500
500
W
1,000 MI
1,000 KM
N
E
S
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
13
sk ill s man ua l 2011
Name:_________________________________________________________
The statistical tables in the World Affairs
Annual are a valuable and easy-to-use data
bank of important information about the world’s
195 independent countries. You can use them to
answer many questions. For example, which two
South American countries achieved independence
200 years ago, in 1810? In which country of Oceania
is Maori (­MOW-ree) one of the major languages
­spoken? Which country of Asia is the smallest in
land size and which is the largest? You can also
make up your own questions (and answers) and
quiz your friends. Use the data on the tables to
answer the questions below. Tip: First study the
sample entry on p.7.
1.(a) The percent of population under age 15, literacy rate, life expectancy, per capita GDP, and Human
Development Index (HDI) rating are important indicators of a country’s standard of living and relative
prosperity. Fill in the data for each of the following countries, then answer the two questions that follow.
% of population
under 15
Literacy
rate (%)
Life
expectancy
Per capita
GDP
HDI
Cambodia: ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________
Denmark: ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________
(b) Which country is poor, with a low standard of living? _ ____________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Looking at the data, what problems could that country be facing now and in the years ahead?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (a) For each of the following countries, list its political system as well as the title and name of its leader.
Political system
Title of leader
Name of leader
Brunei:
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
Libya:
______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
South Africa: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________
(b) In which of the above countries does the leader inherit his position as head of the government?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(c) In which of these countries do the people elect representatives to make the laws? ____________________________________
(d) In which of these countries does the leader hold all the power?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
JS Almanac
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this 2011 Skills Manual page for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
To answer questions #3-5, use the Economic Map of the World (pp. 8-9 of the student issue) as well as the data for
each country. The map is color-coded by per capita GDP, indicating the relative prosperity or poverty of countries.
3.Argentina, Mexico, and Russia are in the same economic grouping. What is each country’s per capita GDP?
Argentina
Per capita GDP: _______________________________
MexicoRussia
________________________________
________________________________
4.(a) The year of independence and languages spoken in a country can be important clues to
understanding its history. Fill in the year of independence for each of the following countries.
Argentina: ___________________ Bolivia: ___________________ Chile: ___________________ El Salvador: ___________________ Guatemala: ___________________
(b) What is the major language spoken in all five countries? _______________________________________________________________________________
(c) What can you conclude about the shared history of these countries? __________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (a) Give the literacy rate (male/female) for each of these countries:
Africa: Chad:
Asia:
_______________________/________________________
Liberia: _______________________/_________________________
Afghanistan: _______________________/________________________
Pakistan: _______________________/_________________________
(b) Which gender is at a distinct disadvantage in each of these countries? _________________________________________________________
(c) In what ways could this situation affect the lives of this part of the population, from childhood through
adulthood? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Discussion Questions
You will need some knowledge of current events in order to discuss the following topics. These questions are openended, meaning that there may not be a clear-cut, correct answer. Choose just one of the five to discuss in a small
group. Give factual reasons to support your answers. You may find helpful information in the statistical tables.
1.What lessons could the United States learn from the spring 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico?
2.In recent years, there has been a surge of violent crime in Mexican cities along the border that Mexico
shares with the U.S. Why? Do Americans share any blame for the situation?
3.In August 2010, Pakistan experienced its worst floods in 80 years. What special challenge has this
presented, not just to the Pakistani people and government but to the U.S. as well?
4.Between June 11 and July 11, 2010, South Africa hosted the world’s biggest sporting event: the World
Cup soccer tournament, which takes place once every four years. Why was it significant that the
tournament took place there?
5.Read about a country that you would like to visit someday. Choose several places there that you would
like to visit—cities, historic monuments, museums, national parks, wildlife preserves, amusement parks,
etc. Why would you like to visit these places? Share your choices and reasons for them with the group.
junior scholastic • world affairs skills manual 2011
15