Download Expressed Powers of the U.S. President

Name:
AP U.S. Government and Politics
Mr. Fernández
Expressed Powers of the U.S. President
Commander in Chief of the Military:
Commander in chief of the army and navy
Commander in chief of the state militias
(now the National Guard)
Commission all officers of the military
Chief Executive Officer:
Executive power is “vested” in the
President.
Nominate (with confirmation by Senate)
members of and oversee the executive
departments created by Congress (e.g.
Department of Justice, Department of State,
etc.)
“Take care that the laws be faithfully
executed”
Fill vacancies that may happen during
recess of the Senate
Powers in Foreign Affairs:
Appoint ambassadors and other diplomats
Make treaties (subject to Senate
confirmation)
Receive ambassadors from other countries
Legislative Powers:
Give “state of the union” address to
Congress
Recommend “measures” (potential laws) to
the Congress
Upon “extraordinary occasions” convene
both houses of Congress
Sign, veto, or pocket veto bills passed by
Congress
Judicial Powers:
Nominate judges of the Supreme Court and
all other officers of the U.S. (with
confirmation by the Senate)
Grant pardons for federal offenses except
for cases of impeachment
Examples:
1. Franklin Roosevelt commanded the military during
World War II (1941-1945)
2. Dwight Eisenhower deployed the U.S. Army in
Little Rock to forcibly desegregate Central High
School (1956)
3. George W. Bush deployed National Guard
reservists in Iraq (2003-2008)
Examples:
1. George Washington appointed the first Secretary of
State, Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of War,
and Attorney General (1789)
2. Lyndon Johnson oversaw creation of the Equal
Employment Opportunity Commission after
Congress passed Civil Rights Act of 1964.
3. George W. Bush used recess appointment power to
appoint John Bolton as Ambassador to the United
Nations (2005)
Examples:
1. President Clinton appointed Douglas Peterson as
the first U.S. Ambassador to Vietnam since the end
of the war (1997)
2. President Kennedy negotiated the Nuclear Test Ban
Treaty with the USSR (1963)
Examples:
1. George Washington gave first State of the Union
Address in Congress (1790)
2. Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed to Congress a
comprehensive legislative agenda known as the
New Deal (1933)
3. Harry Truman convened special session of
congress to urge enactment of his domestic
legislative agenda (1948)
Examples:
1. President Obama appointed Sonia Sotomayor and
Elena Kagan to the U.S. Supreme Court (20092010)
2. President Ford pardoned Richard Nixon (1974)
The U.S. Presidency and the Executive Branch
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3
Department of Health and Human Services
4
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6
Federal Government Employees (In Thousands), Except Military Personnel and U.S. Postal Service, 2008
(Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics)
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Types of Federal Employees (Source: Magleby and Light, Government By the
People)
Federal Spending as Percent of GNP, 1799-1997 (Source: House of
Representatives Joint Economic Committee Study)
8
Federal Spending As Percent of GDP, 1934-2019 (Source: Brookings Institute)
Number of Non-Military Persons Employed Full-Time By the Federal
Government (Source: Patterson, The American Democracy)
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Party Identification in the U.S., 1937-2003 (Source: Pew Center)
U.S. Federal Executive Departments (a.k.a. the Cabinet-level Departments)
(Source: Wikipedia)
Department
Dates
2009 Budget
in billions
of dollars
Employees
(2007)
State
1789
16.39
18,900
Treasury
1789
19.56
115,897
War (subsumed by Dept. of Defense)
1789-1947
Post Office (became quasiindependent agency in 1971)
1792-1971
Navy (subsumed by Dept. of Defense) 1798-1947
Interior
1849
90.00
71,436
Justice
1870
46.20
112,557
Agriculture
1889
134.12
109,832
Commerce
1903
15.77
141,885
Labor
1913
137.97
17,347
Defense
1947
651.16
3,000,000*
Health and Human Services
1953
879.20
67,000
Housing and Urban Development
1965
40.53
10,600
Transportation
1966
73.20
58,622
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Department
Dates
2009 Budget
in billions
of dollars
Employees
(2007)
Energy
1977
24.10
109,094
Education
1979
45.40
4,487
Veterans Affairs
1989
97.70
235,000
Homeland Security
2002
40.00
208,000
$3,997.80 billion
4,193,144
Total:
*Including military personnel
Global Distribution of Military Expenditures, 2009 (Source: Center for Arms
Control and Non-Proliferation)
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Pictogram of Nuclear Weapons Stockpiles (Source: Worldmapper.com)
U.S. Federal Spending in Billions of Dollars, 2009 (Source: Office of
Management and Budget)
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Historical Costs of U.S. Wars In 2007 Dollars (Source: Center for Arms Control
and Non-Proliferation)
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Source: Wikipedia
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