Download 1. How many mL of 2% (m/v) NaHCO 3 solution should be given to a

1. How many mL of 2% (m/v) NaHCO3 solution should be given to a patient to rise pH of the blood from 7.05 to
7.45 if pCO2 = 35 mmHg ([CO2] = α x pCO2; α = 0.03 mmol/l · mmHg) ? The blood volume = 5 L; Ht (hematocrit) =
40% (Ht – a ratio of a volume of red blood cells to the total volume of plasma). (Answ.: 178.36 mL)
2. pH of the blood is 7.2, pCO2 = 5.45 kPa, α = 0.225 mmol/L · kPa, Ka = 8 x 10−7, pKa = 6.1 ([CO2] = α x pCO2). What
is HCO3− ions concentration? What kind of acid-base equilibrium abnormality does the patient have? (Answ.:
[HCO3-] = 15.4 mmol/L; metabolic acidosis)
3. pH of the patient blood with acute renal failure is 7.12, pCO2 = 27 mmHg, α = 0.03 mmol/L · mmHg ([CO2] = α x
pCO2), pK = 6.1. Calculate:
a. concentration of HCO3− in his blood;
b. pH change if pCO2 will increase to 42 mmHg.
(Answ.: a. 8.5 mmol/L; b. 6.93)
4. Calculate percent concentration (m/m) of KMnO4 used in a throat washing, if 12.5 mg of KMnO4 were dissolved
in 1200 g of water? (Answ.: 0.001%)
5. To assess the concentration of creatinine in the human serum picric acid is used. How many g of this acid do
you need to prepare 500 mL of 1% (m/m) solution with the density 1.075 g/mL? (Answ.: 5.375g)
6. What will be the increase of K+ ions concentration if to drip infusion with glucose, 3 ml 3% (m/v) KCl solution
was added ? Initial concentration of K+ is 3,5 mmol/l. The blood volume 4l. Ht (h(a)ematocrit) = 40% (Ht – a ratio
of a volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood). (Answ.: 0.5 mmol K+/L).
7. A patient was given 5 cm3 of medicine with concentration 0.5 mmol/L. How many mg of medicine were given to
the patient? (Molar mass of medicine = 470 g/mole). (Answ.: 1.175 mg)
8. A nurse prepared the medicine solution: to the ampoule with 5 mL of 7.5 % (m/v) solution 10 mL of water was
added and then 7 mL of the this solution was given to a patient. How many mg of the medicine were given to
the patient ? (Answ.: 175 mg)
9. How many g of NaCl should be added to 1 l of 0,05 moles/l saccharose solution to get solution isoosmotic with
physiological solution of NaCl (0.15 moles/L) at 20oC ? (Answ.: 7.55 g)
10. Osmotic pressure of human plasma is 773 kPa at 37oC. What listed solutions are isotonic with human plasma?
a. 0,3 M saccharose
b. solution composed of 2,7 g of glucose in 50 ml
c. solution composed of 0,9 g of NaCl in 100 ml
d. solution composed of 0,05 moles of CaCl2 and 0,01 moles of NaCl in 500 ml
e. 0,08 M Na2HPO4
(Answ.: a, b, c)
11. How many g of glucose should be in 500 ml of solution used in intravenous injections (solution isoosmotic with
the blood – 0.3 osm/L). (Answ.: 27 g)
12. What will happen with erythrocytes at 37oC if they are immersed in:
a. 0.3 g NaCl in 100 ml
b. 0.3 g NaCl in 10 ml
(Answ.: a. hemolysis; b. crenation)
13. 0.11 mol/L NaCl penetrated to a dialyzing bag (containing 0.02 mol/L Na+ Pr-) from a dialyzing fluid. Calculate
NaCl concentration in the dialyzing fluid in a Donnan equilibrium state and before dialysis. (Answ.: at equilibrium
– 0.119 mol/L, before dialysis – 0.229 mmol/L)