Download Section Summary Key Terms and Places - Mr. Peters` Class

Name _____________________________ Class _________________ Date __________________
East Africa
Section 1
MAIN IDEAS
1. East Africa’s physical features range from rift valleys to plains.
2. East Africa’s climate is influenced by its location and elevation, and the
region’s vegetation includes savannas and forests.
Key Terms and Places
rift valley places on Earth’s surface where the crust stretches until it breaks
Great Rift Valley the largest rift on Earth, made up of two rifts—the eastern rift and
the western rift
Mount Kilimanjaro the highest mountain in Africa
Serengeti Plain one of Tanzania’s largest plains, home to abundant wildlife
Lake Victoria Africa’s largest lake and the source of the White Nile
drought period when little rain falls, and crops are damaged
Section Summary
Show your work!!
PHYSICAL FEATURES
The landscape of East Africa is varied and a home
to diverse and abundant wildlife. Rift valleys cut
from north to south across the region. Rift walls are
often steep cliffs that can rise as much as 6,000 feet.
The Great Rift Valley is made up of two rifts.
East Africa has many volcanic mountains. The
tallest of these is Mount Kilimanjaro. Although
the mountain is located near the equator, its peak is
covered with ice and snow. Another area of high
elevation is the Ethiopian Highlands.
Some areas of East Africa are flat plains. The
Serengeti Plain in Tanzania is one of the largest.
Many kinds of wildlife live here, including
elephants, giraffes, lions, and zebras. Tanzania
established much of the plain as a national park.
A number of rivers and lakes are found in East
Africa. The Nile is the world’s longest river. It
begins in East Africa. Then it flows north to the
Mediterranean Sea. The source of the White Nile is
Lake Victoria. The Blue Nile begins in the
What is surprising about
Mount Kilimanjaro?
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
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Underline examples of
wildlife that can be found
on the Serengeti Plain.
Circle the name of the
world’s longest river.
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Guided Reading Workbook
Name _____________________________ Class _________________ Date __________________
Section 1, continued
Ethiopian Highlands. Both rivers meet in Sudan to
form the Nile.
Lake Victoria is Africa’s largest lake, but many
other lakes also lie along the rift valleys. Some of
these lakes are extremely hot or salty.
CLIMATE AND VEGETATION
East Africa has a variety of climate and vegetation.
Latitude and elevation affect climate. For example,
areas near the equator receive heavy rains. Farther
from the equator, the weather is drier. When little
rain falls, droughts can occur. During a drought,
crops fail, cattle die, and people begin to starve.
There have been severe droughts in East Africa.
The climate south of the equator is tropical
savanna. In savannas, plants include tall grasses and
scattered trees. The rift floors have grasslands and
thorn shrubs.
Plateaus and mountains are found north of the
equator. They have a highland climate and thick
forests. The highlands receive a lot of rainfall. The
mild climate makes farming possible. Many people
live in the highlands. Forests are found at higher
elevations.
East of the highlands and on the Indian Ocean
coast, the elevation is lower. Desert and steppe
climates are found here. Vegetation is limited to
shrubs and grasses.
CHALLENGE ACTIVITY
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Critical
Thinking: Making Generalizations Write
aXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
booklet for tourists to read before they embark on
aXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
helicopter tour of East Africa. What might they
find
most interesting about the region?
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Underline the name of
Africa’s largest lake.
What happens during a
drought?
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
Circle the reasons that
farming is possible in the
highlands.
Look at page 402-403 in your book.
Write a few sentences as to why
you would or would not want to
visit the Serengeti.
RECORD YOUR ANSWER ON THE NEXT PAGE!!!!!!
Original content © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
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Guided Reading Workbook
Name _____________________________ Class _________________ Date __________________
Section 1, continued
Blue Nile
drought
Ethiopian Highlands
Great Rift Valley
White Nile
Lake Victoria
Mount Kilimanjaro
rift valley
savanna
Serengeti Plain
DIRECTIONS Read each sentence and fill in the blank with the word
in the word pair that best completes the sentence.
1. _____________________are formed when two tectonic plates move away from
each other, stretching and breaking Earth’s crust. (Savannas/Rift valleys)
2. The ________________________ receives water from the Ethiopian Highlands.
(Blue Nile/White Nile)
3. ___________________________is the highest point in Africa.
(Lake Victoria/Mount Kilimanjaro)
4. The _____________________ in Tanzania is home to a great variety of wildlife.
(Serengeti Plain/Great Rift Valley)
5. During a _____________________, little rain falls, and crops and animals die as
a result. (savanna/drought)
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DIRECTIONS
Look up the words in the word bank in a dictionary.
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Write
the dictionary definition of the word that is closest to the
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definition
used in your textbook. Write your answer from the previous page here!
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Original content © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
156
Guided Reading Workbook