Download AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment

AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment Name___________________________________________ Date_____________________ AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment The summer assignment is a review of significant figures, scientific notation, unit conversions, basic algebra,
and right triangles from your experiences in prior science and math courses. We will use these skills
constantly throughout our AP Physics 1 course. While completing this assignment, determine how well you
know these skills. you may want to brush up on them just prior to returning to school. Please contact me if you
need any help here. I can be reached via email, [email protected]. The summer assignment will be
due on the first Friday of school: Friday, September 5, 2014. Do not hesitate to contact me if you have
any questions. I am looking forward to our time together and hope you have a wonderful summer!
See you in September,
Mrs. Carro
________________________________________________________________________________________
Measurement, Significant Figures, Scientific Notation, Dimensional Analysis, Units, and Algebra, they all matter
when it comes to physics. They matter because saying that someone just ran 100 square meter- seconds
makes no sense and, could be embarrassing. So, we’re going to review.
Units follow the rules of algebra just like x’s and y’s. If you multiply “x” times “y” you get “xy”. If you multiply
meters by seconds you get meters*seconds. Similarly, meters by meters gives you meters2, and meters2
divided by meters gives you meters.
Units can also be transformed into other units by using definitions, sometimes called conversion factors. Such
as, 1 meter is 100 centimeters. This can be translated form English to Math like: 1 m = 100 cm.
We can then use this definition to convert between units, like so:
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Let’s say we want to know how many meters are equivalent to 400 centimeters
1. We start by writing what we know on the left. We’ll write 400 cm on the left.
2. We will write the units of what we want our answer to be on the right with an equal sign before it.
For this example, we need to write meters on the right.
3. Now, we’ll choose a conversion factor that helps us reach our goal. We then multiply the left side by 1 m
/ 100 cm or should we choose 100 cm/ 1 m? What’s the difference anyway? Well, we need to craftily
construct our conversion factor so that centimeters in the conversion factor will cancel with the
centimeters given on the left, so that we get the answer we want!
4. Now, all we need to do is multiply the numerators together, and divide by all of the denominators
multiplied together.
1 𝑚
400 𝑐𝑚 × = 4 𝑚
100 𝑐𝑚
1 AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment A. Unit Conversions and Dimensional Analysis Directions: Show all work and use the dimensional analysis method, include units in each step and circle your answer 1) How many meters are in 100 feet? (1 ft = 0.3048 m)
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2) How many square feet are in 100 m ?
3) How many kilograms are in 2000 grams?
4) If there are 745 Watts for every horsepower how many horses would it take to power a single hundredwatt light bulb?
5) If net force is equal to mass times acceleration (Fnet=ma) what are the units of force if mass is
measured in kilograms (kg) and acceleration is measured in meters per second-squared (m/s2)?
6) If a woodchuck can chuck 2 cubic meters of wood per minute, how many cubic centimeters per second
is that equivalent to?
7) I want to know how far I just traveled on my super sweet 21-speed bike. I know the speed I went (2.5
m/s) and I know that my bike ride was 45 minutes long.
2 AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment 8) 834 cm = ___ km. 9) ___ Liters = 2.37 mL 10)
___ seconds = 4 days 11)
___ inches are in 2 miles? (There are 5,280 ft in 1 mile) 12)
___ Liters = 5,750 cc of water 13)
a 120 pound woman = ___ kg (There are about 2.2 pounds in 1 kg.) 14)
58 g = ___ kg 3 AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment B. Significant Digits For each number given below, identify how many significant digits are in the number. 15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
0.56 ________ 5,984 ________ 22) 5.0 __________ 5.9873 ________ __________ 100,000 ________ 24) 187 _________ 0.098 ________ 25) 1.400 _________ 21) 5 23) 5.08 __________ 26) Measure the line with the ruler shown below: a) Your Measurement:______________________ b) How many significant digits are there? _____ c) How do you know how many significant digits are necessary here? 27) In math operations involving significant figures, the answer is reported in such a way that it reflects the reliability of the least precise operation. In your own words, what are the “rules” for: a) multiplication & division of significant figures: b) addition & subtraction of significant figures: 4 AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment Directions: Solve each problem. Show all steps of your process and circle your answer. Be sure your answer has the correct amount of significant figures. 28) 1.3 m x 71.5 m = __________________________________________________ 29) !.!! !"
!.!!!"
= ____________________________________________________ 30) !.!"# ! × !".! !
!.!!" ! × !.! !
= ____________________________________________________ 31) 4.2 ft + 8.15 ft= ___________________________________________________ 32) 38.520 L – 11.4 L = __________________________________________________ Test Yourself…. An engineering student is trying to calculate the permeation rate of water across a polymer membrane of a fuel cell. The student’s measurements are provided in the table below. Determine how many significant figures each measurement has. Student’s Data Student’s Measurements the mass of water that crossed the membrane the area of the membrane used elapsed time 3.7520 g 1.00 cm2 3600 seconds # of Significant Figures 33) Explain why all of the measurements are given in different numbers of significant figures. 5 AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment 34) In order to calculate the permeation rate of water across the polymer membrane, he must divide the mass of the water collected by the area of the membrane and then divide that by the elapsed time. So in other words: Permeation rate = the mass of the collected methanol/ area of the membrane /elapsed time a) How many significant digits should her answer be?_____________________ b) Explain how you figured out the answer to 34a. 35) What is the connection between the number of significant digits provided in a problem and the way in which these quantities were initially measured? C. Algebra Directions: Use algebra to solve for the indicated variable. Example: Ff = FN Ÿµ, solve for µ
Ff/ FN = (FN Ÿµ)/ FN
µ = Ff/ FN
36) V = IR, solve for I 37) vf = vo + at, solve for a 38) Fnet = ma, solve for a 39) K = ½ mv2, solve for v 6 AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment D. Scientific Notation Directions: Use the space provided, to write each number given in scientific notation. Circle your answers. 40) 2,000 43) 0.00007218 41) 0.000000064 44) 0.375555555……. 42) 4,000,000,964 45) 4,960 Multiplying Numbers in Scientific Notation Directions: Use the space provided, to solve each problem. Circle your answers. 46) In your own words, explain how you multiply numbers in scientific notation. 8
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47) (2.5 x 10 ) x (1.2 x 10 ) 49) (6.0 x 10-­‐2)(6.1 x 10-­‐2) 50) (5.5 x 109) x (4.0 x 1011) 3
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48) (1.8 x 10 )(7.3 x 10 ) 7 AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment Adding Numbers in Scientific Notation Directions: Use the space provided to solve each problem. Circle your answers. 51)
In your own words, explain how you add numbers in scientific notation. 52)
(2.5 x 108) + (1.2 x 108) 54) (6.0 x 10-­‐2) + (6.1 x 10-­‐2) 53)
(1.8 x 103) + (7.3 x 102) 55) (5.5 x 109) + (4.0 x 1011) 56)
Why do scientists use scientific notation? 57)
Which of the following is written in proper scientific notation? (A) 0.25 × 103 (C) 2.5 × 102 (B) 25 × 101 (D) 250 8 AP Physics 1 Summer Assignment E. Right Triangles Directions: Find the measure of the angle or side indicated. 9