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Chapter 5 Vocabulary Amino Acid- any one of 20 different organic molecules that contain a carboxyl and an amino group and that combine to form proteins Carbohydrate- any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things Chemical Bond- the attractive force that holds atoms and ions together Chemical Structure- the arrangement of atoms in a substance Covalent Bond- a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons Empirical Formula- the composition of a compound in the terms of relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio Ionic Bond- a bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions Metallic Bond- a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them Molecular Formula- a chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of the atoms Organic Compound- a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides Polar Molecule- a molecule that has a negative charge on one side and a positive charge on the other Polyatomic Ion- an ion made of two or more atoms Polymer- a large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers or small units Protein- an organic compound that is made up of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells Peer Tutoring Tracking Sheet As you study, keep track of the words you are getting right and wrong so you will know which ones you will need to spend the most time studying. To do this, place a tally mark beside the words you incorrectly identify during peer tutoring time. The words with the most tallies are the words you will need to spend additional time studying at home. WORD Amino AcidCarbohydrateChemical BondChemical StructureCovalent BondEmpirical FormulaIonic BondMetallic BondMolecular FormulaOrganic CompoundPolar MoleculePolyatomic IonPolymerProtein- TALLY Amino Acid Covalent Bond Carbohydrate Empirical Formula Chemical Bond Ionic Bond Chemical Structure Metallic Bond a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. any one of 20 different organic molecules that contain a carboxyl and an amino group and that combine to form proteins. the composition of a compound in the terms of relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio. any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things. a bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions. the attractive force that holds atoms and ions together. a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them. the arrangement of atoms in a substance. Molecular Formula Polymer Organic Compound Protein Polar Molecule Polyatomic Ion a large molecule that is formed by more than five monomers or small units. a chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule, but not the arrangement of the atoms. an organic compound that is made up of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells. a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides. a molecule that has a negative charge on one side and a positive charge on the other. an ion made of two or more atoms.
