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Integrated Marketing Communications:
Then, Now, Tomorrow
Dudley Blossom, Ph.D
Professor of Marketing
Department of Business Administration Head
American University in Bulgaria
Department of Business Administration
Moving Towards IMC
es
A
g
rtisin
dve
g
Se
llin
na
l
arke
ting
t
rne
nte
e/I
ctiv
era
rso
ect
M
Int
Pe
Dir
(Positioning, Image, etc.)
licity
Pub
Price
Direct Marketing
Message
PR &
Product
Advertising
Pro
mo
tio
n
In the past,
communications
efforts were
focused on
individual
objectives
Communications
Objectives
Message
Sal
Interactive/Internet
Customer
Sales Promotion
PR & Publicity
Personal Selling
Currently,
communications
efforts are
coordinated
towards a
common
objective
Marketing
Objectives
IMC
Objectives
Place (Distribution)
Customer
Advertising
Direct Marketing
Promotion
Interactive/Internet
Sales Promotion
PR & Publicity
Personal Selling
In the future
communications
efforts will
incorporate all
aspects of an
organizations
customer
contact
Non-Integrated Marketing Communication
Message
(Positioning, Image, etc.)
Moving Towards IMC
es
A
g
rtisin
dve
g
Se
llin
na
l
arke
ting
t
rne
nte
e/I
ctiv
era
rso
ect
M
Int
Pe
Dir
(Positioning, Image, etc.)
licity
Pub
Price
Direct Marketing
Message
PR &
Product
Advertising
Pro
mo
tio
n
In the past,
communications
efforts were
focused on
individual
objectives
Communications
Objectives
Message
Sal
Interactive/Internet
Customer
Sales Promotion
PR & Publicity
Personal Selling
Currently,
communications
efforts are
coordinated
towards a
common
objective
Marketing
Objectives
IMC
Objectives
Place (Distribution)
Customer
Advertising
Direct Marketing
Promotion
Interactive/Internet
Sales Promotion
PR & Publicity
Personal Selling
In the future
communications
efforts will
incorporate all
aspects of an
organizations
customer
contact
Integrated Communications
Advertising
Communications
Objectives
Message
Direct Marketing
Interactive/Internet
Customer
Sales Promotion
PR & Publicity
Personal Selling
Moving Towards IMC
es
A
g
rtisin
dve
g
Se
llin
na
l
arke
ting
t
rne
nte
e/I
ctiv
era
rso
ect
M
Int
Pe
Dir
(Positioning, Image, etc.)
licity
Pub
Price
Direct Marketing
Message
PR &
Product
Advertising
Pro
mo
tio
n
In the past,
communications
efforts were
focused on
individual
objectives
Communications
Objectives
Message
Sal
Interactive/Internet
Customer
Sales Promotion
PR & Publicity
Personal Selling
Currently,
communications
efforts are
coordinated
towards a
common
objective
Marketing
Objectives
IMC
Objectives
Place (Distribution)
Customer
Advertising
Direct Marketing
Promotion
Interactive/Internet
Sales Promotion
PR & Publicity
Personal Selling
In the future
communications
efforts will
incorporate all
aspects of an
organizations
customer
contact
Integrated Marketing Communications
Product
Price
Marketing
Objectives
IMC
Objectives
Place (Distribution)
Advertising
Direct Marketing
Promotion
Interactive/Internet
Sales Promotion
PR & Publicity
Personal Selling
Customer
Towards IMC: Integrated Communication Levels

Tactical Level
–

Strategic Level
–
–

Communications Tactics need to work together towards a
common goal
Eliminate the bias towards mass media advertising
Advertising is a tactic
Mission Level
–
The purpose of the organization must be coordinated
Towards IMC: Integrated Communication Levels

Organizational Level
–

Interpersonal Level
–

Interaction between specialty areas must increase
Theoretical Level
–

Where should the coordination happen? Corporate cultures
permits some coordination but restricts others.
Focus must shift to integrate communication theory as well as
marketing theory
Process Level
–
Process integration such that:
Theory
Strategies
Tactics
Building IMC: The Point of Integration

Where does the coordination happen?
–
Internal coordination

–
External coordination

–
An organization/client coordinates the efforts of all of its
communications tasks from an internal department
An organization hires a communications agency to coordinate all of its
communications efforts
Third party coordination

An organization hires a coordination agency to deal with
communications agencies
Building IMC: Providing External Integration

Horizontal Integration
–
–

Vertical Integration
–

Combine organizations specializing in different
communications vehicles
Incorporate Advertising, PR, Direct Marketing, Interactive,
Sales Promotion, Personal Selling
Integrate communications into media
Cooperation & Partnership
–
Partner with complimentary organizations
Bulgaria and IMC

Looking Behind
–
–

Bulgaria has little history to overcome
The communications industry is relatively new
Looking ahead
–
–
There is much to be learned from the west
Communications organizations in Bulgaria START at a point
that is ideal in the west
Integrated Marketing Communications:
Then, Now, Tomorrow
Dudley Blossom, Ph.D
Professor of Marketing
Department of Business Administration Head
American University in Bulgaria
Department of Business Administration
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