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The Cult of Cybele Roxana Chan CLCV 3202-A November 07, 2013 Origins • Originated as an earth goddess in Asia Minor • Phrygian god of fertility • Also known as “Magna Mater”, the Great Mother • Was introduced into Rome during the Second Punic War in the late 3rd c BC. • Associated with mountains, nature, and animals Characteristics • Usually seated on a throne with two lions; in the older images they were leopards • Wears a crown • A libation bowl in her right hand and a drum in her left hand Her Roman Cult • Cult led by female priestesses and the Archigalli, high priest of the subordinate Galli • Consisted mostly of female followers • Men who were also interested of being part of the cult must be castrated • Roman cult associates Cybele with the Greek goddess Rhea Festivals • Megalesia festival was celebrated on April the 4th; the day which she arrived in Rome • April 10th celebrates the anniversary of the consecration of her temple on the Palatine; chariot races were held and public performances of plays and other entertainments were held Works Cited • "Roman Cults and Worship.", http://www.usu.edu/markdamen/1320Hist%26Civ/ chapters/12CULTS.htm. • Hemelrijk, Emily A. 2007. "Local Empresses: Priestesses of the Imperial Cult in the Cities of the Latin West." Phoenix 61 (3/4). • Roller, Lynn E. 1991. "The Great Mother at Gordian: The Hellenization of an Anatolian Cult." The Journal of Hellenic Studies 111. • Sandberg, Anders. "The Cult of Magna Mater.", http://faculty.cua.edu/pennington/churchhistory220/l ectureone/MagnaMater.htm.