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1. As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin,
A) fewer slaves were needed on the plantations.
B) short-staple cotton lost popularity.
C) slavery was reinvigorated.
D) Thomas Jefferson predicted the gradual death of slavery.
E) the African slave trade was legalized.
2. Plantation agriculture
A) led to a slow return on investments.
B) remained diverse until the Civil War.
C) was economically unstable and wasteful.
D) discouraged immigration to the West.
E) encouraged southern democracy.
3. Most white southerners were
A) planter aristocrats.
B) small slaveowners.
C) merchants and artisans.
D) “poor white trash.”
E) subsistence farmers.
4. Most slaves in the South were owned by
A) industrialists.
B) mountain whites.
C) plantation owners.
D) small farmers.
E) subsistence farmers.
5. Some southern slaves gained their freedom as a result of
A) the prohibition of the Atlantic slave trade after 1807.
B) purchase by northern abolitionists.
C) fleeing to mountain hideaways.
D) purchasing their way out of slavery.
E) the objection to slaveholding by some white women.
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6. For free blacks living in the North,
A) living conditions were nearly equal to those for whites.
B) voting rights were widespread.
C) good jobs were plentiful.
D) education opened the door to economic opportunity.
E) discrimination was common.
7. By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the “black belt” located in the
A) border states of Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland.
B) Deep South states of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.
C) old South states of Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
D) new Southwest states of Texas, Arkansas, and Indian Territory.
E) mountain regions of Tennessee, West Virginia, and Kentucky.
8. In the pre-Civil War South, the most uncommon and least successful form of slave
resistance was
A) feigned laziness.
B) sabotage of plantation equipment.
C) running away.
D) armed insurrection.
E) stealing food and other goods.
9. Arrange the following in chronological order: the founding of the (A) American Colonization
Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, (C) Liberty party.
A) A, B, C
B) C, A, B
C) B, C, A
D) A, C, B
E) C, B, A
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10. Match each abolitionist below with his role in the movement.
A. Wendell Phillips
1. abolitionist martyr
B. Frederick Douglass
2. black abolitionist
C. Elijah P. Lovejoy
3. abolitionist golden trumpet
D. William Lloyd Garrison
4. abolitionist newspaper publisher
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
A-4, B-2, C-l, D-3
A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
11. The United States' victory in the Mexican War resulted in
A) renewed controversy over the issue of extending slavery into the territories.
B) a possible split in the Whig and Democrat parties over slavery.
C) the cession by Mexico of an enormous amount of land to the United States.
D) a rush of settlers to new American territory in California.
E) all of the above.
12. The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession
A) threatened to split national politics along North-South lines.
B) nearly resulted in the return of the territory to Mexico.
C) resulted in the formation of the Republican party.
D) resulted in strong hostility to further expansionism.
E) all of the above.
13. According to the principle of “popular sovereignty,” the question of slavery in the
territories would be determined by
A) the most popular national leaders.
B) a national referendum.
C) congressional legislation.
D) a Supreme Court decision.
E) the people in any given territory.
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14. The Free Soilers argued that slavery
A) was unsuited to the West.
B) would cause more costly wage labor to wither away.
C) would, through its profits, enable small farmers to buy more land.
D) should be gradually abolished.
E) an immoral institution.
15. John C. Calhoun's plan to protect the South and slavery involved
A) a constitutional amendment permanently guaranteeing equal numbers of slave and free
states.
B) southern secession from the Union.
C) support of Henry Clay's proposed concessions by both the North and the South.
D) repealing the president's veto power.
E) the election of two presidents, one from the North and one from the South.
16. During the debate of 1850, _________________ argued that there was a “higher law” than
the Constitution that compelled him to demand the exclusion of slavery from the territories.
A) William H. Seward
B) Henry Clay
C) Daniel Webster
D) Stephen A. Douglas
E) Zachary Taylor
17. In the Compromise of 1850, Congress determined that slavery in the New Mexico and Utah
territories was
A) to be banned.
B) protected by federal law.
C) to be decided by popular sovereignty.
D) to be ignored until either territory applied for admission to statehood.
E) to be decided by the Supreme Court.
18. In light of future evidence, it seems apparent that in the Compromise of 1850 the South
made a tactical blunder by
A) allowing a ban on the slave trade in Washington, D.C.
B) demanding a strong fugitive-slave law.
C) not insisting on federal protection of slavery in the territories.
D) allowing the admission of California as a free state.
E) allowing popular sovereignty in Nebraska territory.
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19. The United States' scheme to gain control of Cuba was stopped when
A) Spain threatened war.
B) northern free-soilers fiercely protested the effort.
C) U.S. leaders signed the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty.
D) Cuba refused to go along with the plan.
E) U.S. adventurers bungled their invasion.
20. Stephen A. Douglas's plans for deciding the slavery question in the Kansas-Nebraska
scheme required repeal of the
A) Compromise of 1850.
B) Fugitive Slave Act.
C) Wilmot Proviso.
D) Northwest Ordinance.
E) Missouri Compromise.
21. Uncle Tom's Cabin may be described as
A) a firsthand account of slavery.
B) a success only in the United States.
C) a romanticized account of slavery.
D) having little effect on the start of the Civil War.
E) a powerful political force.
22. In 1856, the breaking point over slavery in Kansas came with
A) the arrival of John Brown.
B) an attack on Lawrence by a gang of proslavery raiders.
C) the influx of a large number of slaves.
D) the establishment of evangelical abolitionist churches.
E) the passage of the Lecompton Constitution.
23. The clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles Sumner revealed
A) the seriousness of political divisions in the North.
B) the importance of honor to northerners.
C) despite divisions over slavery, the House of Representatives would unite to expel a
member for bad conduct.
D) passions over slavery were becoming dangerously inflamed in both North and South.
E) the division between the House and the Senate over slavery.
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24. The Republicans lost the 1856 election in part because of
A) southern threats that a Republican victory would be a declaration of war.
B) lingering support for slavery in the North.
C) northern bullyism.
D) the North's unwillingness at this stage to let the South depart in peace.
E) the division between Democrats and Know-Nothings.
25. The decision rendered in the Dred Scott case was applauded by
A) abolitionists.
B) Republicans.
C) popular-sovereignty proponents.
D) proslavery southerners.
E) conservative unionists.
26. The panic of 1857 resulted in
A) a demand to end the government policy of giving away farmland.
B) the extension of slavery to the territories.
C) price supports for farmers.
D) calls for restrictions on land and stock speculation.
E) clamor for a higher tariff.
27. Stephen A. Douglas argued in his Freeport Doctrine during the Lincoln-Douglas debates
that
A) the Dred Scott decision was unconstitutional.
B) slavery would stay down if the people voted it down.
C) no matter what the people wanted, the Supreme Court was law.
D) Congress should reopen the Atlantic slave trade.
E) a new version of the Missouri Compromise was needed.
28. After John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, the South concluded that
A) the raid was an isolated incident.
B) the U.S. army could not protect slavery.
C) Brown should be put in an insane asylum.
D) Brown had been attempting to defend his right to own slaves.
E) the North was dominated by “Brown-loving” Republicans.
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29. Match each presidential candidate in the 1860 election below with his party's position on
the slavery question.
A. Abraham Lincoln
1. extend slavery into the territories
B. Stephen Douglas
2. ban slavery from the territories
C. John Breckenridge
3. preserve the Union by compromise
D. John Bell
4. enforce popular sovereignty
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
30. President James Buchanan declined to use force to keep the South in the Union for all of the
following reasons except that
A) northern public opinion would not support it.
B) the army was needed to control Indians in the West.
C) he believed that the Constitution allowed secession.
D) a slim chance of reconciliation remained.
E) he was surrounded by pro-southern advisers.
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Answer Key - Unit 5 Practice Test
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