Download Food borne diseases

FOOD POISONING
What is food poisoning??
• Food borne diseases (FBD) are acute illnesses associated
with the recent consumption of food
• There are two types of food poisoning: food infection and
food intoxication.
Food borne infections
• Food borne infections are caused by the
entrance of pathogenic microorganisms
contaminating food into the body, and
the reaction of the body tissues to their
presence.
• These can either be fungal, bacterial, viral or
parasitic
• Food borne infections tend to have long
incubation periods and are usually
characterized by fever
Food borne intoxications……
Food borne intoxications have short incubation
periods (minutes to hours) and are characterized
by lack of fever.
Food borne intoxications can be classified into:
a. Bacterial intoxications
b. Fungal intoxications
c. Chemical intoxication
d. Plant toxicants, and
e. Poisonous animals.
Causes
• improper handling, preparation, or food storage.
• large variety of toxins that affect the environment
• chemicals
• pesticides or medicines in food and naturally toxic
substances like poisonous mushrooms.
• Food that has been exposed to environment with
temperature 30 degree Celcius
1) The main Bacterium
• Campylobacter bacteria
• Found in raw chicken and
meat and also in
unpasteurised milk
• Vomitting, diarrhea, fever,
blood in stool
• Symptoms appear after 2-5 days after
consumption of the food
2) Other bacteria
a) Escherichia coli
b) bacillus cereus
c) vibro cholera
d) Yersinia enterocolitica
e) Listeria monocytogenes
f) Shigella sp
g) Staphylococcus aureus
h) Salmonella
Symptoms
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Nausea
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Gastroenteritis
Fever
Headache
Fatigue
Treatment
• The main treatment for food poisoning is
putting fluids back in the body (rehydration)
through an IV and by drinking.
• Do not eat solid food while
nauseous or vomiting but
drink plenty of fluids.
• Anti-vomiting and diarrhea
medications
Prevention
• Proper handling, preparation
and food storage
• Practice good hygiene like washing hands
before eating and preparing food or properly
wash the knife or cooking utensils before and
after using them
• Do not expose the food-cover them properly
• Eat well-cooked food (salmonella can be killed in
high temperature)