Download DASH Diet!

DASH Diet!
A Key to
Healthy Living
& Lowering
Blood
Pressure?
Zubair Ilyas
Hunter Sabin
Ernest Wong
CHE 452
May 7, 2012
DASH
• Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
• Your Description Goes Here
• Born from research funded by National
Institutes of Health
• Sponsored by the American Heart
Association
• Part of the US treatment guidelines for
hypertension
Trends and Projections
• Your (~
Description
Goes Here have high
• 1 in 3 Americans
68 million)
blood pressure
• High blood pressure is a major risk factor for
heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure,
and kidney disease
• Primary or contributing cause of death for
more than 347,000 Americans in 2008
Trends and Projections
•
• About one in five (20.4%) U.S. adults with high
blood
pressure
Your
Description
Goes Here don't know that they have it
• In 2010, high blood pressure was projected to
cost the United States $93.5 billion in health
care services, medications, and missed days of
work
• BY 2030, research suggests 86% of the U.S.
population will be obese or overweight
Blood Pressure
Hypertension
What is the DASH Diet?
• Decreased Sodium Intake
• Decrease Blood Pressure
• Other Decreased Effects
– Osteoporosis, Cancer,
Diabetes, Heart Disease,
Stroke
• 2 types
– Standard DASH Diet
– Lower Sodium DASH Diet
Foods
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Fruits
Vegetables
Whole Grains
Low-fat Dairy Products
Red Meat
Fats
Sweets
DASH Diet Food Pyramid
The First Study
DASH Diet Guidelines
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Studies
• Done to prove DASH Diet’s effectiveness
• Overall, two studies were conducted
focusing the effects of increasing intake of
foods, rich in nutrients, that are expected
to lower blood pressure, mainly minerals
(like potassium, calcium, and
magnesium), protein, and fiber
• It includes nutrient-rich foods so that it
meets other nutrient requirements as
recommended by the Institute of Medicine
The First Study
• From Aug, 1993 ~ Jul, 1997
• Looked at the effect of dietary patterns on blood
pressure
• 459 adults with systolic blood pressure < 160 mmHg
and diastolic blood pressure of 80-95 mmHg
• Compared 3 eating plans:
1. Control diet – a “typical American diet”
2. Control diet plus more fruits/vegetables
3. DASH diet - high in fruits/vegetables, low in fats
• All 3 plans contained approximately 3,000 mg of daily
dietary sodium
Results
• Dietary patterns affect blood pressure
• Participants in plans (#2 and #3) that
included fruits and vegetables had reduced
blood pressure
• DASH had the greatest effect
• Participants with high blood pressure had
the greatest reductions
• Results were apparent within 2 weeks
The Second Study
• From Sep, 1997 ~ Nov, 1999
• Looked at the effect of a reduced dietary sodium
intake on blood pressure
• 412 adults with similar stats from the first study
• Compared 2 eating plans:
1. Control diet – a “typical American diet”
2. DASH diet - high in fruits/vegetables, low in fats
• Compared 3 levels of dietary sodium level:
1. High – 3,000 mg/day
2. Intermediate – 2,400 mg/day
3. Low – 1,500 mg/day
The Second Study
The Setup:
1. Started with a two-week run-in phase:
• All participants consumed a high (3,000
mg/day) sodium control diet
2. Followed by a 30-day intervention phase:
• Participants started consuming their diets
at previously assigned sodium levels at
high, intermediate, or low.
Results
• Low dietary sodium intake lowered blood
pressure for both diet plans
• When comparing the two eating plans,
DASH had lower blood pressure than the
control at each sodium level (high,
intermediate, or low)
• DASH at low sodium intake (1,500 mg/day)
had the greatest effect
• Participants with high blood pressure had
the greatest reductions
How’d you like ‘em Apples?
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The DASH Works!!
It lowers blood pressure
(First study)
Lowering sodium intake
lowers blood pressure
(Second study)
*Best scenario is to follow
both the DASH diet and
reduce one’s daily salt
intake (a little exercise
never hurts either!)
To Learn More
Secret Ingredient:
DASH!!!