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Daily Question 4/27/2015 Thinking back to Friday, what would you have done differently in order to build a taller structure? Please think more about group dynamic then the physical structure. Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell Structures are determined by function 3 main components Cell membrane Nucleus Other organelles Organelles Tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell. Produce energy, build and transport needed materials, and store and recycle wastes Can you name any??? Cell Membrane Controls which substances pass in and out of the cell (selectively permeable) Made of lipids and proteins “Doorman” Cytoplasm Area between cell membrane and nucleus Contains organelles “floor” Nucleus Stores DNA “Manager” Nuclear membrane – double membrane surrounding nucleus Nuclear pores – small holes in nuclear envelope Nucleolus – where ribosomes are synthesized Chromatin Are thin strands floating in the nucleus. Contain the genetic material (DNA), or the instructions that direct the functions of the cell. Mitochondria Site of chemical reactions 2 membranes Smooth outer Inner membrane Cristae – increase surface area Has own DNA “Generator/ Powerhouse” Endoplasmic Reticulum System of membranous tubules and sacs that help molecules move from one part to another Amount depends on cell activity “Conveyer belt” Rough - Have ribosomes Smooth – Don’t have ribosomes Ribosomes Not surrounded by membrane Assembles protein Free or Attached to ER “Machines” Daily Question 5/7/15 1. Draw an animal cell. Label the cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus. 2. What form is DNA found in the nucleus? Or what is long strands of genetic material? 3. What does the mitochondria do? Golgi Body Processing, packaging and secreting organelles Works with ER; modifies proteins exported by the cell “Packaging and Shipping Plant Lysosomes Enclose hydrolytic enzymes w/in a single membrane Digests proteins, carbs, lipids, DNA, RNA, old organelles “Security/Janitor” Cytoskeleton Network of long protein threads located in cytosol Maintains shape and size Participates in movement “Dropped Ceiling” 2 types Microfilaments Thin threads of protein (actin) Contribute to cell movement and contraction of muscles Microtubules Hollow tubes, largest strands of cytoskeleton Make up spindle fibers in cell division Example is a Centriole. Cilia and Flagella Hair like organelles that extend from surface of cell Assist in movement Composed of nine pairs of microtubules arranged around a central pair Daily Question 5/8/15 Get out your animal cell coloring. We will finish coloring in the next 5 – 7 minutes. Cell Factory Inside a Cell - Video Plant Cells 2 different structures Cell wall Chloroplast Cell Wall Lies outside the cell membrane Rigid, helps support and protect plant Contains cellulose Chloroplasts Chloroplasts Convert sunlight into chemical energy in the thylakoid Green! Vacuoles Fluid filled organelle Stores enzymes and metabolic waste Can be LARGE Bacterial Cells Has a cell wall and cell membrane but DOES NOT have a nucleus. Bacterial Cells are much smaller No nucleus = Prokaryotic Nucleus = Eukaryotic EUKS have NUCS, PROS DON’T Specialized Cells Are found in multi-cellular organisms The structure of each kind of cell is suited to the unique function it carries out within the organism. How is a blood cell suited for the job that it does? Nerve Cell?
