Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
ENGLISH CLASS Cognates Prefixes Suffixes Rodríguez Pineda Valeria 602 COGNATES Cognates are words in two languages that share a similar meaning, spelling, and pronunciation. While English may share very few cognates with a language like Chinese, 30-40% of all words in English have a related word in Spanish. For Spanish-speaking ELLs, cognates are an obvious bridge to the English language. Partial Cognates "Partial cognates are words that have the same meaning in some, but not all contexts. For example, twig and Zweig are used similarly in some contexts, but in other contexts Zweig is better translated as 'branch.' Both Zweig and branch have metaphoric meanings ('a branch of a business') which twig does not share." (Uta Priss and L. John Old, "Bilingual Word Association Networks." Conceptual Structures: Knowledge Architectures for Smart Applications, ed. by Uta Priss et al. Springer, 2007) http://grammar.about.com/od/c/g/cognateterm.htm False Cognates and Accidental Cognates "False cognates are etymologically related but no longer overlap in meaning between the languages; their meanings may be related but also opposite (in English an auditorium is a place for a large gathering, whereas in Spanish an auditorio is an audience; stretch means 'to extend' in English but estretcher in Spanish is 'to make narrow'). Accidental cognates are not etymologically related but just happen to share form (English juice and Spanish juicio, 'judge' . . .)." (Annette M. B. De Groot, Language and Cognition in Bilinguals and Multilinguals: An Introduction. Psychology Press, 2011) EXAMPLES PREFIXES Prefix A prefix is a group of letters placed before the root of a word. For example, the word "unhappy" consists of the prefix "un-" [which means "not"] combined with the root (stem) word "happy"; the word "unhappy" means "not happy." SUFFIXES Suffix A suffix is a group of letters placed after the root of a word. For example, the word flavorless consists of the root word "flavor" combined with the suffix "-less" [which means "without"]; the word "flavorless" means "having no flavor." EXAMPLES Prefix im + possible = impossible ir + responsible = irresponsible il + legal = illegal in + active = inactive un + happy = unhappy Suffixes hand + full = handful rest + full = restful restful + ly = restfully