Download The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution
Interpretations
• The old way of interpreting the I.R.
–Genius inventors
–Textiles & mining
–Crowded Factories
–Concentration on England
–…and those that did not develop as
quickly as England and why
Reinterpretation of the IR
• Contemporary interpretation
– The I.R. was an intensification of
existing forms of production.
• Intensification of artisanal production
• Rural handicrafts, people producing
things more efficiently at home
• Finishing
– England: Birmingham, Sheffield,
– France: Reims, Nancy
» until 1870 the largest unit of production
consisted of slightly more than seven
people.
The Industrial Revolution
• The Industrial Revolution begins in EnglandWhy?
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Location and type of resources
Proximity to the sea
Transportation infrastructure
Banking systems
Fluidity between classes
Larger proletariat
You can’t have an industrial revolution without 1st
having an agricultural revolution
The Industrial Revolution
• The Agricultural Revolution
– Population
– Urbanization
• Truck Farming
– Capital formation
– Conurbation
– Protoindustrialization
• Finishing, again
• Whatever is cheapest
The Industrial Revolution
• Women‘s roles- what changed and what
stayed the same?
– Head of the family economy
– 1850 largest three categories
• Domestic servants
• Textile operatives
• Rural proletarians
• Prostitutes
– Paris 20k-100k
The Industrial Revolution
• “Proletarianization”
– Objective sense
– Heredity
• Effect of the French Revolution
– Guilds banished
– Laissez faire
– “Crisis of Expansion”
• Crisis for artisans
– Eg., tailors and porcelain
Industrial Revolution
• Industrial Discipline and the movement to
factories
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Artisans
Josiah Wedgewood
Boss vs. Foreman
Strikes
F.W. Taylor and production measurement
• The efficiency movement & scientific management
– In the end “the foreman will be replaced by the quiet
violence of the Computer” Michelle Perrot, 1978 ; The Three
Ages of Industrial Discipline.