Download File - World History

World War II
1939 - 1945
Mon 4/18
• Who took over Russia after WWI?
• How did the Treaty of Versailles affect
Germany?
• What major economic event began in 1929?
EQ ( What is totalitarianism and how did it
affect Europe?)
Governments Change
Before WWII, Totalitarian governments became
accepted: Countries under the leaderships of a
strong ruler who controlled every aspect of life,
private and public.
Secret Police monitored obedience and imposed
fear. The public was molded through a process
of indoctrination (shaping a person’s beliefs).
Education produced unconditional loyalty
among the children.
Propaganda was used to spread of hate, fear,
blame, and nationalism (pride).
New Leaders Emerge
After WWI, Italy was unstable. Mussolini
promised to improve the economy and
strengthen the Army. In 1922, he took power
and Italy became a Fascist country.
Stalin became the dictator of Russia in 1929.
Seeking total control, he eliminated anyone
who threatened his power. The Great Purge
(1937-38) left 8-13 million dead.
In Germany, the Nazi party grew after the Great
Depression. Led by Hitler, the Nazis used fear
tactics to take total control of the country.
Tuesday 4/19
What is a totalitarian government?
What country did Benito Mussolini rule?
What was the great purge?
EQ (How could the League of Nations prevented
WWII?)
Japan attacks China
Great Britain, France, and the U.S. did not want
another war, but Europe was becoming
increasingly militant. Japan invaded China, they
killed thousands of soldiers and civilians.
The League of Nations (L.O.N.) did not stop Japan.
Great Britain adopted a plan called
appeasement (giving in to an aggressor's
demands in effort to keep the peace). The U.S.
maintained a policy of isolationism (staying out
of European conflicts). Italy and Germany
became more aggressive.
TUES 2
The L.O.N. did nothing as Italy invaded Ethiopia and
Hitler began defying the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler
rearmed Germany, and the rhineland. An alliance
was formed between Germany, Italy and Japan (Axis
Powers).
Hitler expanded his Empire by reclaiming the land
that was lost after WWI. France and Britain asked
Russia for help, but Stalin and Hitler made a deal
instead; the nonaggression pact. Russia and
Germany would divide Poland and absorb several
other countries while promising to not attack each
Wednesday 4/20
What is Appeasement? FRIDAY!
QUIZ ON
•
• What was the United States’ policy at the beginning of WWII?
• What does “indoctrination” mean?
EQ (How did the environment of Germany change under Hitler?)
Learned Hatred
Nazi Germany became more discriminatory against the Jewish population. In
1933, the Nazis staged a boycott of Jewish businesses, and banned Jewish
children from public school. In 1935, Germany passed the Nuremberg Laws,
denying the citizenship of Jews and making it illegal for Jews and non-Jews to
marry. Joseph Goebbels was in charge of German Propaganda, he utilized
radio, newspapers, theater, art, and public speaking to ensure the support of
Hitler and the hatred of anyone who didn’t.
Forced Removal
In 1938, Jewish businesses and Synagogues were set
on fire and destroyed throughout Germany.
Kristallnacht (the night of broken glass) was
staged to look like a spontaneous public outburst,
but was really orchestrated by Goebbels. Many of
the rioters were Police dressed in civilian clothes.
Massive deportations and arrests soon followed.
Passports were taken away, and Jews were
relocated to Concentration Camps and Ghettos.
A storyboard is used to divide a story into parts.
As you read “The Holocaust Begins”, create a
storyboard summary of events.
P. 936-937: Each section needs to have these
three things:
1.Summarize each section. 2. Create a
Question that was not answered in text, is there
more to the story? 3. Draw a picture of the
scene.
“Night of Broken Glass” “A Flood of Refugees”
“Isolating the Jews”
Lightning War
Germany’s strategy is called the Blitzkrieg. They
attacked with tanks and airplanes (Luftwaffe) then
sent troops. After Poland was seized, Germany
focused on France.
Nazis occupied the countries between Germany and
France and began multiple attacks. The French
were surrounded, Nazis attacked Paris, then
France surrendered. It took 6 weeks to defeat
France, now Germany is just miles away from
Great Britain.
Battle of Britain
Great Britain (GB) was left to fight the Nazis alone,
but Churchill promised to never surrender. GB
was hit with the German Blitzkrieg.The Royal Air
Force (RAF) was able to fight off the Germans and
keep their troops from arriving. London and other
cities were bombed, but the British did not back
down. The skill of Britain’s RAF pilots kept the
Nazis from taking over. Hitler had to call off the
attacks.
Germany turned his attention to the countries
between Germany and Russia.
Friday 4/22 Cornell Notes, Warm
Ups, Quiz!
1. What is the Blitzkreig?
2. How long did it take for Germany to capture France?
3. Was the Battle of Britain a success for Germany?
EQ( How will the Fall of France impact WWII? )
WWII changes direction
Hitler’s plan to take over Russia was called
Operation Barbarossa, the invasion began in the
summer of 1941. Russia had the largest army in
the world, but the Nazis were very skilled and
had air-superiority.
As the Germans advanced, the Russians retreated
and began using the scorched-earth strategy as
defence.
Russia was not going to fall as easy as France,
millions of people starved and died. Hitler was
now fighting a two-front war again.
A day of infamy
As Japan expanded its empire in Asia, the U.S.
became concerned about our territories in the
Philippines. The United States cut off Japan’s
access to imported steel and oil.
December 7th 1941, the U.S. naval base Pearl
Harbor was attacked by Japan. 20 warships and
300 airplanes were destroyed. Over 2000
Americans were killed.
The next day, U.S. declared war on Japan. 3 days
later, Germany and Italy declared war on the
U.S.
Monday 4/25
• What was Operation Barbarossa?
• Why did President Roosevelt cut off oil
shipments to Japan?
• What were the effects of Pearl Harbor?
EQ: (What were the events that led to the “final
Solution”?)
Another turning point
Hitler was committed to defeating Stalin. He
believed that if he could conquer Stalingrad,
Russia would fall. Hitler would attack Stalingrad
with everything he had, Stalin would defend the
city at all costs. Germany controlled 90% of the
city. Russian troops surrounded the city and
starved out the Germans. The battle lasted 6
months, had 2 million casualties, and is
considered the biggest defeat in German history.
After the defeat at Stalingrad, Auschwitz-Birkenau
opened.
Blind hatred
As a German victory appeared to be less likely, Nazis
focused their anger and hatred by eliminating the
jewish population from within the German Empire.
The ghettos were evacuated, everyone was sent to
labor camps and death camps.
Gas chambers were used to kill as many people as
quickly as possible. Hitler and the Nazis called
these mass killings, the “final solution”.
Continue the storyboard activity from last week:
(p.937-939: The “Final Solution”) Each section
needs to have these three things: 1.Summarize
each section. 2. Create a Question that was not
answered in text, is there more to the story? 3.
Draw a picture that captures the scene.
“The Mass Killings Begin”
“The Final Stage”
“The Survivors”
*If this happened to you, how would you want
your story told?
Tuesday 4/26 Test on Thursday:
Study Guides
1. Who won the Battle of Stalingrad?
2. How did they win?
3. What was Hitler’s “final solution”?
• EQ (How were the Euporean and Pacific theaters fought differently?)
Axis Powers fall apart
The U.S and Great Britain invaded Italy and drove
Mussolini out of power, then moved on to reclaim
France. June 6th 1944, D-Day, Allied troops fought
the Germans on the beaches of Normandy. Many
people died, but the operation was a success for
the Allies. By September, France was liberated from
Germany.
The Allies and Russia surrounded Germany and
bombed Berlin. Hitler hid in his bunker and killed
himself. About one week later, on May 9th,
Germany surrendered. The War in Europe was over.
Pacific Theater
The U.S. intercepted a coded message about another
attack and prepared for the Battle of Midway.
When Japan made the first move, the U.S. was
ready. Japan suffered a major loss, many died and
much of their fleet was destroyed.
The U.S. began the process of “Island Hopping”,
seizing small islands that were not well-protected.
The islands in the Pacific would see some of the
worst battles of WWII.
Read the section “The Allied Home Fronts” (p. 941-943)
Create a treemap: bullet points the essential information
from each section.
“The Allied Home Fronts”, “Mobilizing for War”, “War
Limits Civil Rights”
Summarize each section while answering the following
questions.
“Allied Home Fronts”: In what ways was life different in
the U.S. than in Britain and the Soviet Union?
“Mobilizing for War”: How did total war affect the U.S.
homefront?
“War Limits Civil Rights”: Was it right or wrong to intern
Japanese Americans? Explain.