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Chapter 4, Section 1 Hinduism and Buddhism The Beliefs of Hinduism • No single founder or single text. • Very complex • Many gods and goddesses • Brahman – All-powerful spiritual force – Brahman is worshipped through a variety of gods. Hindu Gods Brahma Shiva Vishnu Goal of Life • Moksha – – – – Ultimate goal One with Brahman Takes more than one lifetime Reincarnation • Karma – Actions in a person’s life that affect their next life • Dharma – Moral Duties that help one acquire merit for their next life • Ahimsa – Nonviolence Buddhism • Siddartha Gautama – Founder, born in 566 BC – Wandering holy man – Sat under a tree until he understood the mystery of life. – 48 days later, transformed into Buddha, the enlightened one. Four Noble Truths • The heart of Buddhism 1. 2. 3. 4. Life is full of suffering The cause of suffering is the desire for luxuries The cure – overcome desire Overcome desire by following the Eightfold Path • Do everything right and be a moral person • Become enlightened and reach Nirvana – One with the universe and release from the cycle of rebirth Spread of Buddhism • Attracted many • Temples and Monasteries • Spread quickly