Download Turn in Resp. Worksheet in blue basket.

GRAB A COPY OF THE
LUNG CAPACITY LAB.
GET A RULER.
GET OUT YOUR PAPER.
Thursday, February 23, 2017
LEQ
•What are the forces that
move air into and out of
the lungs?
Lab Set up
• Get out a sheet of paper, a PENCIL, and a ruler
• On your paper:
• Put your first & last name, date & period # in the upper
right corner
• Center the lab title on the first line
• Copy the Purpose
• Answer both Hypothesis questions in COMPLETE
SENTENCES (your team is the people you are sitting
with)
Copy Data Table
Trial
1
2
3
Average
Balloon
Diameter (cm)
Lung capacity
(L)
When you think you’re ready to begin
• Show your paper to Mrs. Glisson
• She will give you a balloon if your hypothesis & data table are
correctly done
• Carry out the procedure
• Record YOUR data
• Calculate averages
• Throw away your balloon
• Get a book & read pgs. 448-452
• wait for everyone else to finish
• Record Average Lung capacity in class table
• Answer Analysis #1 only
• Write a Conclusion:
Was each of your hypothesis
correct? Use data to support your answer
• Turn in lab paper; return ruler
• Get out new sheet of paper
Define the following
•Pulmonary ventilation
•external respiration
Read pgs. 448-452 on Resp. Phys.
Four Events of Respiration
• Pulmonary ventilation—moving air in and out of
the lungs (commonly called breathing)
• External respiration—gas exchange between
pulmonary blood and alveoli
• Oxygen is loaded into the blood
• Carbon dioxide is unloaded from the blood
External Respiration
Figure 13.6 (2 of 2)
Four Events of Respiration
•Respiratory gas transport—transport of
oxygen and carbon dioxide via the
bloodstream
•Internal respiration—gas exchange between
blood and tissue cells in systemic capillaries
Mechanics of Breathing
(Pulmonary Ventilation)
•Completely mechanical process that
depends on volume changes in the
thoracic cavity
•Volume changes lead to pressure
changes, which lead to the flow of gases
to equalize pressure
Mechanics of Breathing
(Pulmonary Ventilation)
•Two phases
•Inspiration = inhalation
•flow of air into lungs
•Expiration = exhalation
•air leaving lungs
Inspiration
•Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
contract
•The size of the thoracic cavity increases
•External air is pulled into the lungs due to
•Increase in intrapulmonary volume
•Decrease in gas pressure
Inspiration
Figure 13.7a
Inspiration
Figure 13.8
Expiration
• Largely a passive process which depends on natural lung
elasticity
• As muscles relax, air is pushed out of the lungs due to
• Decrease in intrapulmonary volume
• Increase in gas pressure
• Forced expiration can occur mostly by contracting
internal intercostal muscles to depress the rib cage
Expiration
Figure 13.7b
Expiration
PLAY Respiration: Pressure Gradients
Figure 13.8
Pressure Differences in the Thoracic
Cavity
• Normal pressure within the pleural space is always
negative (intrapleural pressure)
• Differences in lung and pleural space pressures
keep lungs from collapsing
Nonrespiratory Air (Gas) Movements
• Can be caused by reflexes or voluntary actions
• Examples:
• Cough and sneeze—clears lungs of debris
• Crying—emotionally induced mechanism
• Laughing—similar to crying
• Hiccup—sudden inspirations
• Yawn—very deep inspiration
Copy on your paper
•How do the circulatory and
respiratory systems work together
to carry out their functions?
•Crash Course Circulatory and
Respiratory
Spirometer
Respiratory Volumes
Figure 13.9
Ticket out the door
•How do we breathe?