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TO BE OR NOT TO BE? 21st International Summer University in Kőszeg How to produce and sell clean water? Water research at the SoósWRC Ildikó Galambos, PhD research manager Soós Ernő Water Technology Research and Development Center Overview 1. University of Pannonia, Faculty of Engineering and Nagykanizsa Campus 2. Soós Ernő Water Technology Research and Development Center 2.1. Establishment 2.2. Structure of the research center 2.3. Activities, goals 2.4. Project activities 2.5 Publication activities and networking 2.6 Operational and analytical laboratories 2.7 Opportunities for students 2.8 Soós Ernő Young Researchers Award 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies 4. Removal of pharmaceutical residues from water 2 1. University of Pannonia, Faculty of Engineering and Nagykanizsa Campus 5 Faculties • • • • • Faculty of Business and Economics Faculty of Engineering Faculty of Information Technology Faculty of Modern Philology and Social Sciences Georgikon Faculty 6 Doctoral schools 5 Campus and training places • • • • • • Veszprém Nagykanizsa Campus Kőszeg Campus Pápa Campus Zalaegerszeg Campus Centre for Agricultural Sciences Appr. 9.000 students 3 1. University of Pannonia Faculty of Engineering and Nagykanizsa Campus • Formed in 2000 • In 2015 about 400 students • Wide educational spectrum ► Bachelor programs: ► Master programs: → Tourism and Catering (BA) → Trade and Marketing (BA) → Engineering Information Technologists (BSc) → Mechanical Engineering (BSc) → Business Information Technologists (BSc) → Master of Business Administration (MBA) ► Higher level vocational trainings: → Logistics Engineering ► Postgraduate programs: → Project management in Hungarian → Tourism Management assistant → Project management in English → Financial and Accounting assistant → Water and Wastewater Treatment → Engineering Information Technology assistant (BSc) System Operator Specialist 4 2. Soós Ernő Water Technology Research and Development Center 2.1. Establishment Establishers: • University of Pannonia Faculty of Engineering • Hidrofilt Water Treatment Ltd. • Nagykanizsa Municipality of County Rank 5 2.2. Structure of the research center Zoltán Birkner, PhD manager Ildikó Galambos, PhD research manager József Lakner, PhD Ildikó Bíró, PhD Renáta Gerencsér-Berta, PhD Gábor Rácz, PhD László Szekeres, MSc Csaba Takács, MSc Nikoletta Kaszás, PhD Nóra BerkesRodek, PhD candidate, research fellow researcher biologist researcher chemist researcher food engineer mechanical engineer civil engineer project coordinator secretary Theoretical Research Team Technological Research Team Analytical Laboratory Development Team Project and Organization Developement Team Enikő Barabás, MSc hydrogeological engineer Developement Assistants 6 Research Assistant 2.3. Activities, goals • Exploration, summary and detailed study of new procedures based on the current literature • Experimental work: laboratory, PILOT and industrial scale • Cooperation, research and development activities • Out-of-Campus projects 2.4. Project activities Hungarian and international GINOP (2.1.1, 2.2.1, 2.3.2, 2.3.3) TÁMOP Horizon 2020 Interreg Central Europe Interreg Danube Programme Interreg Bilateral Programme (Slo-Hu, , Hu-Hr, etc.) 7 3. Research areas • Study on pharmaceutical residues in surfaceand well-water • tipical pollutants (original chemicals, reagents and metabolits)? • tipical concentration? • removal methods? • Investigation of thermal water effluent (Recycle possibilities of thermal water and medical thermal water effluent) • Production of purified water by combination reversed osmosis and electrodeionization technique • Preparing of drinking water from various surface and underground water • Comparison of forward and reverse osmosis and their applicability for raw materials in food industry 8 3.1. Research areas Renáta Gerencsér-Berta, PhD - Exploration of the removal possibility of the pharmaceutical in waste water and drinking water, process of the cost effective method - Preparation of highly purified water by the combination of reversed osmosis and electrodeionisation techniques 9 3.2. Research areas Gábor Rácz, PhD - Performance evaluation of water treatment systems in drinking water and industrial water treatment - Ultrafiltraion applications and industrial waste water purification technologies - State-of-the-art fruit juice concentration processes by using coupled membrane techniques 10 3.3. Research areas József Lakner, PhD − Mathematical modelling for membrane technology and water treatment Ildikó Bíró, PhD ‒ Water microbiology and bacteriology ‒ Searching new solution in drinking water disinfection techniques 11 3.4. Research areas Enikő Barabás - Improvement of thermal water treatment and degassing - Development of recycling technologies regarding the waste thermal water - Investigation and condition survey of thermal-water wells László Szekeres - Design of PILOT and industrial water treatment systems - Development of water treatment equipment engineering aspects Csaba Takács - Design of PILOT and industrial water treatment systems - Monitoring of water treatment system 12 2.5. Publication activities and networking • Conference • • • • • • • • • • • • • • TAMOP conferences Balaton Symposium MASZESZ Junior Symposium MAVIZ – Membrane Professional Day MAVIZ – The Main Engineering Conference Innovation Conference „Zalavize” Forum Sewage Plant Professional Forum Roundtable Discussion Geothermal Conference Water Utility Conference Industrial Water Release PEN 15 Year Anniversary Pannonian Science Day • Self-organised conference • Water and Wastewater Treatment in the Industry 2014,2015 • Regional Development and Competitivness Conference • Soós Ernő Water Technology Research and Development Center Founding Ceremony and 25 Year Anniversary of Hidrofilt Ltd. • Road show, Workshop, Fairs • • • • • • Channel Partner Training Roadshow in Poland Channel Partner Training Roadshow in Greece Hach Lange IFAT Achema Filtech • Journals • • • • • Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry Magyar Épületgépészet TOP-Építőipari Szakkatalógus Magyar Kémikusok Lapja Membrántechnika és Ipari Biotechnológia13 2.7. Operational laboratory 14 2.7. Analytical laboratory Bel PHOTONICS- BEL Micro Image AnalyzerVideomicroscope GC and GC/MS system: • HP 5980 GC • Agilent 5973N GC/MS JENWAY UV/VIS spectrophotometer TOC analyser: Sievers9000 , ICR AAS7000 (Simadzu) 15 2.8. Opportunities for students • Students in BSc, MSc, PhD • Obligatory summer internship • Prepare degree theses or diploma • Erasmus, Fulbright scholarship 16 2.9. Soós Ernő Young Researchers Award Diploma or PhD dissertation in water or wastewater treatment The tender will be launched in two category: • Master’s degree or 5-year long cycle training • PhD degree The winner candidates will recieve diploma and cash prize : • in MSc category net 300 EUR • in PhD category net 600 EUR • option of keeping a plenary lecture in Soós Ernő International Conference • publication possibility in peer-reviewed journal (Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry, Membrántechnika és ipari biotechnológia) • Other information: www.sooswrc.hu/en 17 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies • General about membrane water treatment • Ultrafiltration (UF) • Reverse osmosis (RO) What is a membrane? „A membrane is a selective barrier; it allows some things to pass through but stops others. Such things may be molecules, ions, or other small particles.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane Separation Selectivity Porous or non porous 18 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies 19 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies Polimer Ceramic Source: http://shoshohz.en.ec21.com/Forever_Hydrophilic_PTFE_Microfiltration_Membrane-20 7447611_7474884.html 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies Membrane technologies Membrane filtration: Mass transfer process: • Microfiltration (MF) • Membrane distillation (MD) • Ultrafiltration (UF) • Osmotic distillation(OD) • Nanofiltration (NF) • Forward osmosis (FO) • Reverse osmosis (RO) • Pervaporation (PV) • Elektrodialysis (ED/EDR) Driving force: Δphidr • Elektrodeionization (EDI) Driving force: ΔΠ, Δc, ΔT, Δpvapour, Δφ 21 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Membrane filtration Membrane filtration Source: University of Nottingham 22 http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/etc/sol_m_membranefiltration.php 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Membrane filtration Source: University of Nottingham http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/etc/sol_m_membranefiltration.php 23 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Ultrafiltration – I. • Material: • Usually ceramic • Polimer (polysulfone (PS), polysulfone/poly(ether sulfone)/polysulfone sulfonate(PES), etc.) • Process: • Cross – flow • Dead–end 24 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Ultrafiltration II. • Porous membranes • ΔpTM: 3-8 bar • Concentration of milk for cheese production, • fractionation of whey, • production of milk powder, • filtration of fruit juices, • separation of oil content wastewater • Tipical water treatment tasks: • Producing drinking water • Boiler water or technolgy water pretreatment from surface water for power plants 25 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Ultrafiltration III. • Pressed mode, inside-out UF • Drinking water applications, process water pretreament (low suspended solids load) 26 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – UF IV. • Pressed mode, inside-out UF 27 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Complex system 28 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies • Submerged, outside-in • High suspended solids load • For wastewater treatment 29 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Ultrafiltration VI. • Surface water treatment 30 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Reverse osmosis I. (RO) • Transition membranes membranes between porous and non-porous • Only the solvent molecules are getting through the membrane (RNaCl: 99-99,9 %) • ΔpTM: 10-80 bar Source: International Forward Osmosis Association http://forwardosmosis.biz/education/osmotic-process-introduction/ 31 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies - Reverse osmosis II. (RO) • The most common modules: spiral wound Source: International Forward Osmosis Association http://forwardosmosis.biz/education/osmotic-process-introduction/ 32 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies - Reverse osmosis III. (RO) • The most common modules: spiral wound 33 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – RO IV. Fields of application The permeate is the product: Solvent cleaning Seawater or brackish water desalination Semiconductor industry: ultra pure water production, pretreatment Boiler feedwater treatment The retentate is the product: Milk, Coffee, Juice concentration Non-alcoholic wine, beer production 34 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies – Complex system • Boiler feedwater treatment: UF – RO - MX 35 3. Membrane based water treatment technologies 36 4. Pharmaceutical residues in water I. Research and production of medicines U Source: Presentation of Dr. Arányi Péter, Eredeti gyógyszerkutatás 37 4. Pharmaceutical residues in water II. Research and production of medicines Source: Presentation of Dr. Arányi Péter, Eredeti gyógyszerkutatás 38 4. Pharmaceutical residues in water III. Origin of medicines • Vegetable • Animal • Minerals • Synthetic IV. Drug pathway in the body 1. Delivery of a drug into the body 2. Pathway of the drug to the target molecules - release - absorption, distribution 3. Binding to the target molecules 4. Elimination from the body (metabilism, excretion) 39 4. Pharmaceutical residues in water V. Metabolism and excretion of drug • • • • Through the kidneys as urine Glands products perspiration, through saliva Through pulmonary by exhaled air Through the skin by evaporation 40 Source: World Health Organization, Pharmaceuticals in Drinking-water 4. Pharmaceutical residues in water VI. Analytical Problem: low concentration complex matrix reliable sample preparation Used methods: GC-MS, GC-MS/MS HPLC-MS 41 4. Pharmaceutical residues in water Sample component Surface water (Spain) diclofenac ibuprofen ketoprofen Measured values ng / L 2 - 60 8 - 150 < 30 naproxen 7 - 50 diclofenac ibuprofen ketoprofen naproxen diclofenac ibuprofen ketoprofen naproxen diclofenac ibuprofen ketoprofen naproxen 10 - 390 12 - 390 130 - 260 9 - 160 < 20 ng/g < 20 ng/g < 50 ng/g < 20 ng/g - Sewage plant effluent (Croatia) Activated sludge Soil sapmle Source M. Gros, M. Petrovic, D. Barceló, Talanta 70 (2006) 678–690 M. Gros, M. Petrovic, D. Barceló, Talanta 70 (2006) 678–690 T.A. Ternes, et. al J. Chrom. A 1067 (2005) 213–223. P. VazquezRoig et al. J. Chrom. A, 1217 (2010) 2471–2483. 42 4. Pharmaceutical residues in water VII. Removal possibilities I. Conventional wastewater treatment • Biological filtration (6 – 71%) • Sedimantation (3 – 45%) • Sand filtration (0 – 99%) II. Biodegradation III. Advanced wastewater treatment • Sorption • Membrane techniques • High performance oxidation process 43 Pharmaceutical residues in water Complex technologies Receiving Mechanical purification Biological purification Filtration Source: http://www.arabachwis.ch/bilder/PDF/Prospekt%20ARA_Bachwis.pdf (2015.10.01.) 44 Thank you for your attention! 45