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INSECT REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Reproductive system (1) of mixed embryonic origin - ecto- & mesoderm (2) only functional in adult (3) not required for survival of individual (4) contributes directly to next generation Insect Reproductive System gonad Primary exit system Secondary exit system Mesodermal Ectodermal gonopore Female Reproductive System ovary ovariole calyx lateral oviduct common oviduct spermathecal gland spermatheca accessory gland vagina Ovarioles terminal filament Germarium (2N) Vitellarium (N) Types of Ovarioles 1. Dieroistic Ovarioles 1. Dieroistic 2. Panoistic 3. Meroistic a. Polytrophic b. Telotrophic (Acrotrophic) common sac primary oocyte follicle cells Lateral oviduct Ovarioles 1. Dieroistic 2. Panoistic 3. Meroistic a. Polytrophic b. Telotrophic (Acrotrophic) Types of Ovarioles 2. Panoistic primary oocyte peritoneal sheath germinal vesicle (nucleus) follicle cells Types of Ovarioles 2. Meroistic a. Polytrophic primary oocyte nurse cells peritoneal sheath germinal vesicle (nucleus) follicle cells Ovarioles 1. Dieroistic 2. Panoistic 3. Meroistic a. Polytrophic b. Telotrophic (Acrotrophic) Types of Ovarioles 2. Meroistic a. Polytrophic Ovarioles 1. Dieroistic 2. Panoistic 3. Meroistic a. Polytrophic b. Telotrophic (Acrotrophic) Types of Ovarioles 2. Meroistic b. Telotrophic nurse cells trophic cord primary oocyte peritoneal sheath germinal vesicle (nucleus) follicle cells Ovarioles 1. Dieroistic 2. Panoistic 3. Meroistic a. Polytrophic b. Telotrophic (Acrotrophic) Male Reproductive System testis follicle vas deferens seminal vesicle accessory gland Ejaculatory duct Male Reproductive System 2N apical cell Germarium Zone of Growth N Zone of Maturation Zone of Transformation Accessory gland products - Spermatophore Gametogenesis Gametogenesis - all gametogenesis follows the same general sequence Germ cell 2N Mitosis to produce more germ cells Onset of meiosis I Primary gametocyte (meiosis I prophase) 2N Complete meiosis I N N Secondary gametocyte Meiosis II N N N N Gamete Spermatogenesis Spermatogonium 2N Mitosis to produce more germ cells Onset of meiosis I Primary spermatocyte (meiosis I prophase) 2N Complete meiosis I N N Secondary spermatocyte Meiosis II N N N N Early spermatids Differentiation Spermatozoa Spermatogenesis Germarium 2N Zone of Growth 2N N N N Zone of Maturation N N N Zone of Transformation Structure of Sperm – Mammalian model nucleus mitochondria tail actin acrosome Sperm types Eupyrene (eusperm) Apyrene (parasperm) -nucleated and fertile - anucleate and infertile Sperm types Giant sperm – Ptilid beetles Oogenesis Oogonium 2N Mitosis to produce more germ cells Onset of meiosis I Primary oocyte (meiosis I prophase - arrested - present at birth) 2N Complete meiosis I First polar body N Secondary oocyte (arrested at metaphase of meiosis II) Ovulation Second polar body N Ovum Structure of ovariole Germarium (2N) Vitellarium (N) Vitellogenesis Choriogenesis