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Today’s Schedule – 3/4 • Ch. 20 PPT: The Jazz Age • Organize groups for outlining of Ch. 20 • HW: – Begin reading Chapter 20 MASS MEDIA Introduction – Growth of Hollywood • Filmmakers began moving to area in early 1920s – Large work force in nearby Los Angeles – Nearby mountains – Close to beach • Mostly sunny – Needed for making films Growth of Mass Media • Increase in cultural trends as a result of the growth of mass media – Print – Film – Broadcasts Movies • By the late 1920smoviemaking became the 4th largest business in America • First sound film in 1927 – The Jazz Singer changed everything • Famous silent movie actors continued their popularity while many foreign film stars struggled Newspapers/Magazines • Most newspaper chains published tabloids to attract more readers – Focused more on entertainment than serious news – Daily Mirror • Growth of magazines as well – Designed to be easy to read and understand • Photoplay Radio • Radio first invented in 1896 • 1920 Frank Conrad began using radio to broadcast baseball scores and music • Pittsburg KDKA soon became the first radio station • Soon became a profitable form of advertising JAZZ AGE History of Jazz • A type of music that features improvisation with an off beat rhythm Improve Explanation • Originated with African Americans in the South • Became popular with – The expansion of the radio – Migration of African Americans to cities Jazz Clubs and Dance Halls • Originated in New Orleans • Became increasingly popular in Harlem, NY • Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington – Two pioneers of the Jazz Age – Music of Louis Armstrong Jazz vs. Swing • Jazz is known for its improvisation • Swing is a form of jazz music that is known for having a shuffle rhythm that evokes a desire to dance – Explanation of Shuffle • Swing music has its roots in the 1920s but did not come into its height until the 1930s Charleston Swing • Dance style popularized by flappers in the 1920s • Much more freedom than traditional ballroom dances • Charleston Dance Women in the Jazz Age: The Flapper • After asserting independence during WW I women began to reject traditional notions of their roles in society • Instead women began to – Work outside the home – Take active role in choosing whether to marry – Smoke and drink – Wear skirts above their knees – Cut her hair into a bob – Wear makeup Lost Generation • Group of American artists living abroad who felt disconnected to the growing materialism of the 1920s America • They felt Europe was more intellectually stimulating • Included authors such as – – – – – e.e. cummings Ernest Hemingway F.Scott Fitzgerald John Steinbeck Gertrude Stein HARLEM RENAISSANCE Harlem, N.Y. • Cultural center of America for African Americans during starting in the early 1900s – Center of Jazz and writing Harlem Renaissance • New wave of African American writers in the 1920s • Langston Hughes is one of the most famous writes to come out of the Harlem Renaissance • I, too, sing America. I am the darker brother. They send me to eat in the kitchen When company comes, But I laugh, And eat well, And grow strong. Tomorrow, I'll be at the table When company comes. Nobody'll dare Say to me, "Eat in the kitchen," Then. Besides, They'll see how beautiful I am And be ashamed-- I, too, am America.