Download Introduction to Fitness

Introduction to Fitness
Key Concepts:
Your level of physical fitness affects your total health
A number of tests can be used to measure your health-related
fitness
Reaching a healthy level in all areas of health-related fitness is
vital to total health
Physical Fitness
• Physical fitness is the ability to carry out
daily tasks easily and have enough reserve
energy to respond to unexpected
demands.
– What factors influence your level of physical
fitness?
• AGE, BODY TYPE, PAST MEDICAL HISTORY,
GENDER, TIME, ACCESS TO FACILITIES AND
EQUIPMENT, DESIRE/MOTIVATION
Health-related components of
physical fitness
• Body Composition: the ratio of body fat to
lean body tissue
– Way(s) to measure: Body
Mass Index, Skin Fold Testing,
Bioelectrical Impedence
• Flexibility: the ability to move a joint through a
full range of motion
– Way(s) to measure: sit
and reach test
• Muscular Strength: the amount of
force a muscle can exert
– Way(s) to measure: push-ups; sit ups; pull
ups
• Muscular Endurance?: the ability of
the muscles to do difficult physical tasks
over a period of time without causing
fatigue
– Way(s) to measure: leg lifts
• Cardiorespiratory Endurance:
the
ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to
send fuel and oxygen to the body’s tissues
during long periods of vigorous activity
– Way(s) to measure: mile run, 1.5 mile walk, step test
Physical inactivity and a sedentary
lifestyle…
• “Sedentary lifestyle is a major underlying cause of death,
disease, and disability. Approximately 2 million deaths
every year are attributable to physical inactivity; and
preliminary findings from a WHO study on risk factors
suggest that sedentary lifestyle is one of the ten leading
causes of death and disability in the world. Physical
inactivity increases all causes mortality, doubles the risk
of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and obesity. It
also increases the risks of colon and breast cancer, high
blood pressure, lipid disorders, osteoporosis, depression
and anxiety.” (World Health Organization, ¶ 1, 2007).
Physical Activity v. Exercise
• Physical Activity is daily bodily movement
that produces progressive health benefits.
• Exercise is planned, structured and
repetitive with the intent of maintaining or
improving one or more of the 5 health
related components of fitness
Approaches to Everyday Activities
Activity
Sedentary
Non-sedentary
Going to the store
Going to the 2nd floor
in the mall
Cutting the grass
Playing 18 holes of golf
Hanging out after school
HOW DOES TECHNOLOGY AFFECT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY?
- It reduces the amount of physical activity necessary to perform daily
tasks.
- Example: leaf blower v. rake leaves, chain saw v. chopping wood
Aerobic exercise is…
• vigorous activity in which oxygen is continuously
taken in for a period of at least 20 minutes.
Anaerobic exercise…
• involves intense bursts of activity in which the
muscles work so hard that they produce energy
without using oxygen.
In comparison, _AEROBIC_ exercise strengthens the cardiovascular
system, while anerobic exercise strengthens the skeletal
_MUSCULAR__ system.