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[CII]/[OI]63 VNGS science highlight: PDR models of M51 ([CII]+[OI]63)/FTIR Similar gas properties in arm and interarm regions. Higher densities and stronger radiation fields in center T. Parkin et al., 2013, ApJ M51: Gas properties from farinfrared forbidden lines L(TIR) [CII] 158 microns • PACS raster maps of center of M51 • plus SPIRE-FTS map of [NII] 205 micron line T. Parkin et al., 2013, ApJ M51: Gas properties from farinfrared forbidden lines [OI] 63 microns [NII] 122 microns • PACS raster maps of center of M51 • Plus [OIII] 88 micron and [OI] 145 micron in strip T. Parkin et al., 2013, ApJ Compare to models of Photon Dominated Regions (PDRs) Observed Corrected • Use models from Kaufman et al. 1999, ApJ – Two free parameters: strength of UV radiation field (Go) and gas density (n) • Some [CII] emission comes from ionized gas --> remove • [OI] high optical depth --> correct T. Parkin et al., 2013, ApJ [CII]/[OI]63 Compare to PDR models Nucleus Center Arm Interarm Similar gas properties in arm and interarm regions ([CII]+[OI]63)/FTIR Higher densities and stronger radiation fields in center T. Parkin et al., 2013, ApJ The Antennae (NGC 4038/9) Schirm et al., 2014, ApJ CO J=6-5 map with FTS Left figure: Wilson et al. 2000, ApJ; HST image: Whitmore et al. 1999, AJ Spectral Line Energy Distributions at three positions CO lines Note: true intensity (not renormalized) [CI] lines J(upper) Schirm et al., 2014, ApJ Physical properties of the cold and warm gas • Temperature versus density (left) and pressure (right) • Blue = cold gas • Red = warm gas • CO+CI solutions • Column density versus density (left) and pressure (right) Schirm et al., 2014, ApJ NGC 4125: an unusual elliptical galaxy 250 m contours on K-band image • Dust mass 6x106 Mo but only upper limits to HI and CO • submillimeter continuum follows r1/4 profile similar to stars • Dust to stellar mass ratio 3x10-5 Mo similar to other ellipticals • Dust in this galaxy produced internally from evolved stars with gas transitioning rapidly to temperatures > 104 K (Wilson et al., 2013, ApJL) Priorities for future work • Continue analysis of FTS data – M83: Wu et al. 2014 (referee report received) – M51: (Schirm et al., analysis underway) – Other galaxies: Cen A, NGC 891 • Continue analysis of PACS spectroscopy – NGC 891 (Hughes et al., first draft circulated) – Other galaxies: NGC 5195, M81, NGC 2403, M83 (outer strip only) • Overview/cross-galaxy comparison paper(s)? Dust? Gas? Combined? • Note: not clear who will work on remaining data … VNGS Publications since June, 2013 • T. Parkin et al., 2014, “The physical characteristics of the gas in the disk of Centaurus A using the Herschel Space Observatory”, ApJ, in press • T. Hughes et al., “A resolved analysis of cold dust and gas in the nearby edge-on spiral NGC 891”, 2014, A&A • M. Schirm et al., “Herschel-SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer Observations of Excited CO and [C I] in the Antennae (NGC 4038/39): Warm and Cold Molecular Gas”, 2014, ApJ • C. Wilson et al., “Cold Dust but Warm Gas in the Unusual Elliptical Galaxy NGC 4125”, 2013, ApJ • T. Parkin et al., “Regional Variations in the Dense Gas Heating and Cooling in M51 from Herschel Far-infrared Spectroscopy”, 2013, ApJ • K. Foyle et al., “Star formation and dust heating in the FIR bright sources of M83”, 2013, MNRAS Other plans and analysis techniques • PACS spectroscopy cubes fully processed and ready to submit to the Herschel archive • Foyle et al. (2013) paper on M83 applied getsources to an extragalactic source (see also Natale, Foyle et al. 2014 for M33) • Analysis of FTS intermediate sampled maps underway using source-correction tool from Wu et al. (2013) in hipe • Last data delivery will be FTS spectroscopy – Need to think about what products it makes sense to deliver beyond the basic processed hipe data