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Positive Prevention
HIV/STD Prevention Education
COMMON VOCABULARY
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STD
HIV
AIDS
Penis
Vagina
Abstinence
Sexual Intercourse
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Anus
Semen
Vaginal Fluid
STD
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An STD is a
Sexually
Transmitted Disease
that is spread:
◦ During sex
◦ Through genital or
close body contact
between people
HIV/AIDS
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HIV (Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus) is the virus
that causes AIDS. It
weakens several of
the body’s systems
and destroys the
body’s immune
system.
HIV/AIDS
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AIDS (Acquired
Immunodeficiency
Syndrome) is the
result of an HIV
infection which
makes the immune
system less able to
fight infections.
Penis
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The male sex organ
through which urine
is eliminated and
semen is released.
Vagina
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The female sex
organ from the
uterus to the
outside of a
female’s body
through which a
baby is born
ANUS
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An anus is the ring
of muscle that
allows release of
solid wastes from
the body.
Semen/Vaginal Fluid
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Semen is the fluid
that contains sperm
and white blood
cells.
Vaginal Fluid is the
fluid that provides
moisture in the
vagina.
Abstinence
 Abstinence
is not participating in any
behavior that places a person at risk for
spreading or getting HIV and/or STDs.
 IT
IS THE ONLY METHOD THAT IS 100%
EFFECTIVE in preventing teen pregnancy
and the sexual spread of HIV and other
STDS.
Sexual Intercourse
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Genital contact between individuals
(contact with a partner’s vagina or penis)
that can result in pregnancy and/or
disease.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
STDs
There are more than 25 different STDs.
STDs are very common in the US.
About one-third of new STD infections
occur in teenagers between the ages of
15-19 years old.
 By the age of 24, at least one of out three
sexually active people in the US will have
had an STD.
 STDs can result in pain, not being able to
have children, and death.
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PUBIC LICE
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Commonly known as
“Crabs”
An external parasite
that infests the pubic
region
Caused by close
physical contact with
an infected person or
infected bedding or
clothing
Symptoms include
itching and
discomfort
Chlamydia
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Caused by bacteria
Most men and women
have NO SYMPTOMS!!
Symptoms include
unusual discharge
from the vagina or
penis, burning when
urinating
Spread during
vaginal, anal, and
oral sex
If left untreated,
permanent damage
can be done to the
reproductive system
Treated by antibiotics
Gonorrhea
Caused by bacteria
 NO SYMPTOMS in
many cases
 Symptoms include
unusual discharge
from the vagina or
penis, burning when
urinating, abdominal
pain and cramps
 Spread during
vaginal, anal, and
oral sex
 Treated by antibiotics
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Syphilis
Caused by bacteria
 Has several stages
 Symptoms include
painless reddishbrown sores at first
 During later stages,
rashes, swollen
joints, fever and hair
loss
 Spread during
vaginal, anal, and
oral sex
 Treated by antibiotics
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Genital Herpes
Caused by a virus
 May have no
symptoms
 Symptoms include
small, painful blisters
on sex organs that
break into open sores
 Spread during
vaginal, anal, and
oral sex
 There is NO cure
 May be spread
without the presence
of any sores
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Genital Warts/HPV
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Caused by a virus
(HPV)
May have no
symptoms
Symptoms include
small, painful
cauliflower-like
bumps on penis,
vagina, and anus that
can grow quickly
Spread during
vaginal, anal, and
oral sex
There is NO cure
Trichomoniasis
•Caused by the single-celled
protozoan parasite
•Most common, curable STD in
young women in the US.
•Sexually transmitted through penisto-vagina intercourse or vulva-tovulva (the genital area outside the
vagina) contact with an infected
partner. Women can acquire the
disease from infected men or
women, but men usually contract it
only from infected women.
•Mostly no symptoms in men;
however, many females experience a
frothy yellowish-green discharge with
a fishy odor.
Hepatitis B
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Caused by a virus
Symptoms include
tiredness, dark
urine, nausea,
cramps, and
jaundice (yellow
skin or eyes)
Spread through
unprotected sex
and needle sharing
There is NO cure
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
•infection of the uterus (womb), fallopian tubes (tubes
that carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus) and other
reproductive organs.
•It is a common and serious complication of some
sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), especially
chlamydia and gonorrhea.
• PID can damage the fallopian tubes and tissues in and
near the uterus and ovaries. PID can lead to serious
consequences including infertility, ectopic pregnancy (a
pregnancy in the fallopian tube or elsewhere outside of
the womb), abscess formation, and chronic pelvic pain.
HIV/AIDS
HIV
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Caused by a virus
Damages the body’s
immune system so it
can longer fight
certain infections and
cancers
Symptoms include
tiredness, fever, night
sweats, sudden
weight loss, swollen
glands, and diarrhea
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Spread through
vaginal, anal and oral
sex, needle-sharing,
mother to baby
during pregnancy,
birth, and
breastfeeding
Can infect anyone
who participates in
risk behavior
regardless of race,
gender, or sexual
orientation
NO CURE!!!
THERE ARE APPROXIMATELY 40 MILLION PEOPLE
INFECTED WITH HIV THROUGHOUT THE WORLD!
THE SOUTH IS ONE OF THE REGIONS WITH THE HIGHEST
NUMBER OF HIV/AIDS CASES IN THE UNITED STATES
Approximately oneeighth of ALL U.S.
HIV/AIDS cases have
been diagnosed in the
south
The rate of HIV is
increasing rapidly
among women and
teens. Especially Black
women
It is estimated that
one teenager is
infected with HIV
every hour.
AIDS is
now a
significant
cause of
death among
young
adults!!
Ways to Prevent STD/HIV
Infection
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ABSTINENCE!!
Reducing the
number of sexual
contacts
Using condoms
Asking a person
about previous
STDs
Vaccines
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Abstaining from
drugs and alcohol
A person who had a
previous outbreak
of herpes or warts
is often still infected
and can still pass it
to others