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Download Lecture 2 The Roman Republic and Empire
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Chapter 1-2 Notes Lecture 2 The Roman Republic and Empire Standard 10.1.1 Standard 10.1.1 • Analyze the similarities and differences in Judeo-Christian and Greco-Roman views of law, reason and faith, and duties of the individual. • Essential Question: How did the Roman Empire contribute to the type of democracy we have today? Establishing a Republic • Romans drove out Etruscans in 509 B.C. – Set up a republic • INDIRECT DEMOCRACY – Citizens elect representatives • 12 Tablets – Set of laws posted in the marketplace • Lasting Legacy – Framers of U.S. Constitution adapted Roman ideas • Senate • Veto • Checks and Balances Checks and Balances Republic to Empire • By 133 B.C. Rome controlled most of the Mediterranean – Spain to Egypt • Economic and social problems between classes • Civil War – Senate V. Popular Political Leaders Julius Caesar • Caesar emerged from the chaos of civil war to take charge of the republic • Forced the Senate to make him dictator • Stabbed to death by his enemies Augustus Caesar • Grand-Nephew of Julius Caesar – Pontifex Maximus • Created civil service to enforce laws – Police • Opened high level jobs to men of talent – Regardless of class • Pax Romana = Roman Peace Roman Law • Universally applied laws of reason and justice • 12 Tablets – Written Laws • Roman empire collapsed under Germanic Invaders – Byzantine Empire • Justinian – Collected, revised, and organized all the laws of ancient Rome • Justinian’s Code – Far reaching – Lasted for centuries Greco-Roman Civilization • Rome absorbed ideas from Greek culture – Art – Literature – Philosophy – Science Republic Written Legal COde DeMocracy=Equality CitizEn of State not Subject 4 Principles of Democracy • The idea that people can govern themselves • Laws/rights that apply equally • Separate branches of government • Citizen participation Standards Check Due at the End of the Period!!! 1. What ideas did the Framers of the Constitution borrow from Ancient Rome? 2. What is the difference between direct and indirect democracy? 3. Which form of democracy does the United States Practice? Vocabulary • • • • • • • • • Republic Consul Dictator Tribune Veto Carthage Julius Caesar Augustus Caesar Justinian
