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Chapter 1-2 Notes
Lecture 2
The Roman Republic and
Empire
Standard 10.1.1
Standard 10.1.1
• Analyze the similarities and differences
in Judeo-Christian and Greco-Roman
views of law, reason and faith, and
duties of the individual.
• Essential Question: How did the
Roman Empire contribute to the type
of democracy we have today?
Establishing a Republic
• Romans drove out Etruscans
in 509 B.C.
– Set up a republic
• INDIRECT DEMOCRACY
– Citizens elect representatives
• 12 Tablets
– Set of laws posted in the
marketplace
• Lasting Legacy
– Framers of U.S. Constitution
adapted Roman ideas
• Senate
• Veto
• Checks and Balances
Checks and Balances
Republic to Empire
• By 133 B.C. Rome
controlled most of the
Mediterranean
– Spain to Egypt
• Economic and social
problems between
classes
• Civil War
– Senate V. Popular
Political Leaders
Julius Caesar
• Caesar emerged from the chaos of civil
war to take charge of the republic
• Forced the Senate to make him dictator
• Stabbed to death by his enemies
Augustus Caesar
• Grand-Nephew of Julius Caesar
– Pontifex Maximus
• Created civil service to enforce laws
– Police
• Opened high level jobs to men of talent
– Regardless of class
• Pax Romana = Roman Peace
Roman Law
• Universally applied laws
of reason and justice
• 12 Tablets
– Written Laws
• Roman empire collapsed
under Germanic Invaders
– Byzantine Empire
• Justinian
– Collected, revised, and
organized all the laws of
ancient Rome
• Justinian’s Code
– Far reaching
– Lasted for centuries
Greco-Roman Civilization
• Rome absorbed ideas from Greek culture
– Art
– Literature
– Philosophy
– Science
Republic
Written Legal COde
DeMocracy=Equality
CitizEn
of State not Subject
4 Principles of Democracy
• The idea that people can govern
themselves
• Laws/rights that apply equally
• Separate branches of government
• Citizen participation
Standards Check
Due at the End of the Period!!!
1. What ideas did the Framers of the
Constitution borrow from Ancient Rome?
2. What is the difference between direct and
indirect democracy?
3. Which form of democracy does the United
States Practice?
Vocabulary
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Republic
Consul
Dictator
Tribune
Veto
Carthage
Julius Caesar
Augustus Caesar
Justinian