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February 19, Week #
6
NB-93
Learning Target: I will
Agenda:
• Show my knowledge of
DNA, heredity, Punnett
squares and mutations
• Quick review
• Turn in notebooks
• Genetics test
Homework:
• NB-93
Essential Question:
• How did you study
for the test?
Identify the 3 parts of DNA
Identify the 4 bases
Explain the nitrogen base pairs
Identify the shape of DNA- what
is on the outside and what is on
the inside.
What is an allele?
Define and give an example of a
dominant allele
Define and give an example of a
recessive allele
Identify the father of genetics
Explain the difference between
genotype and phenotype
Explain why humans have 2
copies of every gene
Complete the Punnett Square
T
t
t
___
___
t
___
___
T
t
t
Tt
tt
t
Tt
tt
Tall plants (T) are dominant to
short plants (t). What percent of
offspring will be short?
T
t
t
Tt
tt
t
Tt
tt
What is this an example of:
complete dominance, incomplete
dominance, or codominance?
• A short haired rabbit and a long haired
rabbit produce a medium haired rabbit.
What is this an example of:
complete dominance, incomplete
dominance, or codominance?
• A tall plant and a short plant produce a tall
plant.
What is this an example of:
complete dominance, incomplete
dominance, or codominance?
• A red flower and a blue flower produce a
red flower with blue spots.
Define mutation.
Define mutagen and give 3
examples
What are the 3 types of gene
mutations?
Learning Target: I will
•
•
•
•
Define mutation.
A mutation is a change in DNA.
Define mutagen.
A mutagen is something that changes the
DNA.
• Explain 3 different types of mutations.
– Three types of gene mutations are substitution,
insertion, and deletion.
Learning Target: I will
•
•
•
•
Define mutation.
A mutation is a change in DNA.
Define mutagen.
A mutagen is something that changes the
DNA.
• Explain 3 different types of mutations.
– Three types of gene mutations are substitution,
insertion, and deletion.
IIB. Causes of Mutations (mutagens)
1. Environment
sunlight
smoke
Chemicals
Radiation
2. Mistakes during replication (when DNA copies itself).
AAT
CTT
ATT
GCC
TGG
ACC
GGG
CAA
ATC
TAT
GGG
TAG
AAT
CGT
ATT
GCC
TGG
ACC
GGG
CAA
ATC
TAT
GGG
TAG
3 types of gene mutations
Substitution
Insertion
Deletion
Learning Target: I will
•
•
•
•
Define mutation.
A mutation is a change in DNA.
Define mutagen.
A mutagen is something that changes the
DNA.
• Explain 3 different types of mutations.
• Three types of gene mutations are
substitution, insertion, and deletion.
Not all mutations are harmful!
Famous Mutants
IV. Why are Mutations Important?
A. Mutations provide the raw material for natural selection.
1. Changes in the bases of DNA may cause a change in a protein
which gives an organism an advantage:
a. Bigger teeth, faster runner, better vision,
different fluorescent colors etc.
b. Organisms with advantages may leave more offspring…
2. Directed Evolution
a. Now possible to produce optimal mutations.
Let’s return to Fluorescent Proteins…..
Learning Target: I will
•
•
•
•
Define mutation.
A mutation is a change in DNA.
Define mutagen.
A mutagen is something that changes the
DNA.
• Explain 3 different types of mutations.
• Three types of gene mutations are
substitution, insertion, and deletion.
What type of mutation?
• Insertion,
deletion, or
substitution?
What type of mutation?
• Insertion,
deletion, or
substitution?
What type of mutation?
• Insertion,
deletion, or
substitution?
Canister Critter Mutations
Organize Notebooks
10 minutes
Learning Target: I will
•
•
•
•
Define mutation.
A mutation is a change in DNA.
Define mutagen.
A mutagen is something that changes the
DNA.
• Explain 3 different types of mutations.
• Three types of gene mutations are
substitution, insertion, and deletion.
Exit Slip: Use 6 words from the
word wall to write 4 sentences.
You must use at least one of
each: adjective, noun, verb
1. Speed is how fast something travels.
2. If you go on a road trip, you will want to
calculate average speed.
3. Vectors are used to show velocity.
4. Your original position is called an origin.