Download Ch 12 Part II File - Galena Park ISD Moodle

Chapter 12 Part II
APUSH
New Nationalism
 A by product of the War of 1812 was a unified
country. (Nationalism =’s the spirit of nationconsciousness or national oneness.)
 Literature


Washington Irving - 1st writers to use Am
themes & scenes
James Fenimore Cooper-same
 Revived Bank of the US re-chartered by
Congress in 1816
 Growing military.
Tariff of 1816
 Revenue Tariffs are low tariffs intended to collect
income for government and allow foreign goods in.
 Protective Tariffs are intended to give an advantage to
domestic industry and keep out foreign goods or raise
their prices so high that they are unattractive.
 The tariff of 1816 was passed in response to British merchants
trying to off load over produced European factory goods.
 American “Baby” Industries were unable to compete with lower
priced British goods. Therefore Congress passed the Tariff of 1816
to offer American Industries some protection from European
goods.
The American System (1824)
 Henry Clay’s 3 part plan to develop a
profitable home market.
 3 part Plan



Strong Banking system – to provide easy and
abundant credit
Strong Protective Tariffs – whose revenue
would help build the 3rd part
Network of Roads and Canals – arteries of
transportation.
Network of Roads and Canals
 South and West would send foodstuffs and
raw materials east
 North and East would send manufactured
goods south and west


This system would tie the country together
economically and politically.
Federal Funding was vetoed so states took on
the burden. (Madison believed this was
unconstitutional)

Example : Erie Canal complete by NY in 1825
w/out fed funding
“Era of Good Feelings”
 James Monroe (Rep) elected president in
1817. (Federalist ran a candidate for the last
time.)
 The Era of Good Feelings coined to describe
his administration is a misnomer. Even
though there was tranquility during his reign
sectionalism began to become a problem.
Panic of 1819
 Overspeculation in frontier land by
the western branches of the Bank
of the US caused a financial panic
that left the west viewing the bank
with suspicion.
Growing Pains of the West
 9 Frontier states added to the US between 1791-
1818. (To maintain sectionalism balance most added
free/slave alternatively.)
 Manifest Destiny – the idea that Americans should
control everything between the Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans, along with cheap, Indian free land soon lead
to migration of many Americans to the west.
 US secures a treaty (1818) to share Oregon territory
with British for 10 years.
 Andrew Jackson goes into FL “takes” it from the
Spanish.
Sectionalism
 As territories began to apply for state hood
many worried about the 11/11 balance of the
senate. When Missouri applied for
statehood, Sectionalism broke out.
 Tallmadge Amendment – stipulates that no
more slaves should be brought into Missouri
and provided for the gradual emancipation of
children born to slave parents already there.
This incendiary Amendment was not passed
by the Senate, however it lead to a serious
compromise:
Series of Compromises
 1. Missouri Compromise of 1820



Missouri –admitted as a slave state.
Maine – admitted as a free state.
Louisiana Territory – all future bondage
prohibited north of the 36’30 line and allowed
south of the line
2. Compromise of 1850 - Henry Clay
- Great Compromiser)
 California - free
 Southwest - NM/Utah Territories – popular
sovereignty (majority rules)
 Slavery - still exists in Washington D.C.
 Fugitive Salve Laws- must return runaway
slaves.
3. Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
 Popular Sovereignty
 Nebraska -free
 Kansas – Bleeding Kansas (slave state)
The Marshall Court





McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) – Declared the Bank of the
US Constitutional by citing Hamilton’s implied powers.
Upholds the doctrine of loose construction. “Consists with
the letter and the spirit of the constitution are
constitutional.”
Cohens v. Virgina (1821) – Lottery tickets. Asserted the
right of the Supreme Court to Review the decisions of state
supreme courts.
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) – Steamboat Case. Federal
government can control inter state stream and thus control
interstate commerce.
Fletcher v. Peck (1810) – Sanctity of contracts.
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) - Sanctity of
contracts.
Monroe Doctrine

John Quincy Adams (Sec. of State)
persuaded Monroe to issue the Doctrine.
 12-2-1823 – The president issued a stern
warning to European Powers


Non-Colonization – the era of colonization in
the western hemisphere was over.
Non-Intervention – European nations (and all
others for that matter) should stay out of the
western hemisphere.