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The Epic of Gilgamesh MISS JOHNSON The Epic of Gilgamesh • The most famous piece of Sumerian literature (Mesopotamia) • Written 2100 B.C. by the Babylonians • Tells the story of Gilgamesh, King of the city of Uruk who ruled in 3rd Millennium B.C. Uruk Sumerian Gods • Nammu: primordial waters • An: sky • Ki: earth • Enlil: god of air • Equivalent of Zeus or Odin • Ninlil: goddess of air • Inanna: goddess of love and fertility • Babylonian Ishtar • Ereshkigal: goddess of the underworld • Enki: trickster god • Babylonians repurposed Old Sumerian Gods • Carved on stone stele • Stele: an upright stone slab or column typically bearing a commemorative inscription, relief, or design • Greek Stele “standing black” • Broken into twelve tablets Cuneiform • Sumerian system of writing • Developed around 3500-3000 B.C. • Wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets made by reeds • Began as pictographs but developed into phonograms • Pictograph: a picture symbolizing a word or phrase • Latin Pict “to paint” • Similar to Hieroglyphics • Phonogram: a symbol representing a vocal sound • Greek Phone “voice” Epic Poem • Lengthy narrative poem • Serious subject • Medias Res: beginning a story by plunging into the middle of the action • Latin In Medias Res “in the midst of things” • Writing style of lofty elevated • Invocation of the muse • The hero • • • • Is of national or even cosmic importance Embodies the values of the civilization Encounters gods and monsters Shows great valor during heroic deeds or events; superhuman courage • Trip to the underworld • Often significant to a culture or nation • http://akraticwizardry.blogspot.com/2015/10/the-epic-of-gilgamesh-expanded-edition.html • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_of_Gilgamesh • https://www.google.com/search?q=gilgamesh+tablets&rlz=1C1NHXL_enUS700US700&espv=2&biw=667&bih=639&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0 ahUKEwjgqdLXtN_NAhWFyj4KHTiyB4cQ_AUIBigB#imgrc=uZR0y8TLtye_sM%3A • http://www.icr.org/article/cuneiform-reed-ark-story-doesnt-float/ • http://www.ancient-origins.net/news-history-archaeology/previously-unknown-lines-epic-gilgamesh-discovered-stolen-cuneiform-tablet-020553 • http://www.crystalinks.com/uruk.html • http://www.clt.astate.edu/wnarey/Religious%20Studies%20Program/Religion%20Studies%20Program/Religious%20Studies%20Program%20Files/the_epi c_of_gilgamesh.htm • https://tricialight04.wordpress.com/2013/01/31/our-first-journey-through-the-epic-of-gilgamesh/ • https://watsoneastwoldblog.wordpress.com/2010/02/24/write-your-name-in-cuneiform-just-like-a-mesapotamian/