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THE MODERN ERA G.H.W. Bush 1989-93 George Herbert Walker Bush *Election of 1988 *George Bush Representative from Texas Head of the CIA Vice President *Bush would win the election with the campaign promise to continue Reagan’s policies & a promise not to raise taxes “READ MY LIPS, NO NEW TAXES.” VS Michael Dukakis Harvard Law Graduate Massachusetts Governor Massachusetts Legislator Domestic Policy • Greatest domestic challenge was to reduce the growing budget deficit – Was able to cut spending in the military because of the end of the Cold War – Agreed to increase income tax on the wealthy – Never able to make a significant reduction to deficit Civil Rights and Civil Unrest • Recession was hard on young African Americans. • Riots erupted in Los Angeles when a jury found policeman not guilty of beating Rodney King, enough though there was video evidence • 70 people were killed and numerous business destroyed • Riots highlighted the plight of minorities and continuing racial tension. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S W1ZDIXiuS4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4 3WZd611WA Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 • Prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities in employment and in public accommodations • Restaurants, hotels and theaters had to install accessible areas for those in wheelchairs • Employers had to make special accommodations wherever possible Foreign Policy Invasion of Panama (1989) • General Manuel Noriega, Panama • Declared war on the U.S. rather than succumb to U.S. drug war pressure • U.S. launched a successful lightning attack against Panama: -protect U.S. citizens -drug trafficking -protect the Panama canal -protect democracy & Panamanian human rights • Bush came out as a hero. *The Cold War Ends* • 1989, with the fall of the Berlin Wall (during Reagan’s term) • East & West Germany reunited • Soviet Union dissolves and becomes the Commonwealth of Independent States *Persian Gulf War (Operation Desert Storm, Gulf War) • August 1990, *Saddam Hussein, dictator of Iraq, invaded Kuwait for territorial claims & oil • The U.N. condemned the action & the U.S. forms a coalition to oust Iraq from Kuwait • Operation Desert Storm began Jan. 1991 • *Kuwait was liberated in 6 wks & coalition forces pushed to within 150 mi of Bagdad before returning to the border • Did not oust Saddam Hussein Hawk Missile System Preparing for “Dirty Bombs” Colin Powell – first African American to hold the position of Joint Chief of Staffs Norman Schwarzkopf Commander of the Allied Forces in Desert Storm The End of Sadaam Hussein, 2003 • Coalition forces invaded Iraq for a 2nd time, March 2003. • Looking for WMD’s (weapons of mass destruction) *Leader of Iraq Sadaam Hussein, deposed in 2004 Somalia • Bush began a humanitarian airlift of food and supplies to wartorn Somalia in NE Africa where millions of people faced starvation • Bush sent in U.S. troops when local warlords and bandits stole food and threatened food shipments • Bush nominated a conservative black judge to the Supreme Court in 1991. • Liberals & women were angered. • Won confirmation after televised Senate hearings that ignited public debate on the issue of sexual harassment.