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Transcript
Modernity and the Road to War
What is Modernity ?
Conflicts associated between
traditional values and new
ideas
Agonized questions:
•
•
•
•
•
The family
Gender relationships
Empire
Religion
Consequences of technology and
progress
• Anti-semitism
• Militant nationalism
Accelerated pace of life…
•
•
•
•
Private life
Population pressure
Reforming marriage
Politics of sexual identity
New Sciences of the Modern Self:
Psychoanalysis
• Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939)
• Challenging accepted beliefs of unified,
rational man
• The ID -- Libido, desires, instinctive
Drives
• The EGO – Mediating force, in touch with
reality
• The SUPER EGO – Force of conscience &
social norms
Revolutions in Science & …
• Albert Einstein (1879 – 1955)
• Big Bang Theory of the origins of the
universe
• Marie Curie (1867 – 1934)
• The discovery of radioactivity
• Nobel Prizes for mother and daughter
Modern Art:
• Henri Matisse – Fauvism
• Pablo Picasso – Cubism
• Georges Braque – Collage
• Art Nouveau – Arts and Crafts
Mvmts.
• Musical Iconoclasm
Growing Tensions in Mass Politics
• Labor’s Expanding Power – Trade
Unions
• The Battle for Suffrage -- Emily
Pankhurst
• Growing resistance to imperialism
• Rising Anti-Semitism – Dreyfus Affair
Roads to War
• Germany’s Imperial Demands
• Crisis in the Balkans
• Sarajevo: the War erupts
Competing explanations of the
origins of World War I
• The Mood of 1914:
intense nationalism
“victimhood”
appealing to immediate feelings of
patriotism and self-preservation
Competing explanations…
• The Short War Illusion
–..A quick, cleansing
thunderstom
Competing explanations…
• The Primacy of domestic politics
Power elites vs. rising labor
Competing explanations…
• Germany opts for war:
–Now or never
–The Fisher controversy