Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Pastoral elegy wikipedia , lookup
Foundation of Abdulaziz Saud Al-Babtain's Prize for Poetic Creativity wikipedia , lookup
English poetry wikipedia , lookup
Performance poetry wikipedia , lookup
Romantic poetry wikipedia , lookup
Yemenite Jewish poetry wikipedia , lookup
South African poetry wikipedia , lookup
Poetry It’s not so scary What is poetry? Wordsworth defined poetry as "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.” Emily Dickinson said, "If I read a book and it makes my body so cold no fire ever can warm me, I know that is poetry." Dylan Thomas defined poetry this way: "Poetry is what makes me laugh or cry or yawn, what makes my toenails twinkle, what makes me want to do this or that or nothing." What is poetry? Poets use language differently than prose writers. Poets choose a limited number of words for their poems – words that say exactly what the poet intends. Poets do not waste words – they only use the most powerful, precise words. Poets’ choice of words enhance the intended feeling or emotional content of the poem. Some types of poetry Haiku Haiku Poetry Type is a Japanese poem composed of: three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables. Haiku In the following haiku, the poet describes the sky as he sees it: Blue sky up above I see floating images Cartoons in the clouds What do you notice? Haiku None is traveling By Basho None is traveling here along this way but I, this autumn evening. Poetry is sometimes written in verse. Groups of lines in a poem are called stanzas. Lines often have a definite rhythm, or beat. Sometimes poets create lines that rhyme: Winter is so very nice Ski, sled, and skate on ice. I like it when the snow comes down They close the schools all over town. My friends and I go out to play We hope for snow another day! Sonnet 14 line poem Rhythm = iambic pentameter Rhyme = abab cdcd efef gg Ends with rhyming couplet Sonnet My Mistress’ Eyes My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun, Coral is far more red than her lips red, If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damask’d, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground; And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare, As any she belied with false compare. Lyric Poetry Lyric Poetry expresses the thoughts and feelings of the poet. The lyric poet addresses the reader directly, portraying his or her own feeling, state of mind, and perceptions. Lyric Poetry Dying by Emily Dickinson I heard a fly buzz when I died; The stillness round my form Was like the stillness in the air Between the heaves of storm. The eyes beside had wrung them dry, And breaths were gathering sure For that last onset, when the king By witnessed in his power. I willed my keepsakes, signed away What portion of my I Could make assignable, - and then There interposed a fly, With blue, uncertain, stumbling buzz, Between the light and me; And then the windows failed, and then I could not see to see. Narrative Poetry Narrative Poems are poems that tell stories. There is a beginning, which introduces the background to the story. A middle, which tells the action of the event. And an end, which concludes and summarizes the story. Narrative Poetry Edgar Allen Poe’s “The Raven” Free Verse Poetry doesn’t always rhyme: There he was Alive, strong, and looking well. I saw the happiness in his eyes, In his laughter, In his smile. It looked like it would never fade. As I stepped out of his door and said goodbye, I didn’t mean forever. Free Verse Each word the poet uses, each writing technique the poet employs, each placement of a word on a line is done purposefully to achieve the desired effect on the reader Autumn Snow Leaves Fall To the Ground And Blanket The Earth With Snow On A Mid Winter’s Day. Figurative Language Figurative Language is not meant to be interpreted literally; it is to be interpreted imaginatively. It is used to create vivid pictures in the reader’s mind in order to make writing emotionally intense. It is used to state ideas in new and unusual ways to satisfy the reader’s imagination What do you notice? Shot in the head, they jump only once, lie still Like dead beer cans. Simile A simile is a comparison using like or as. It usually compares two dissimilar objects. What do you notice? The giant’s steps were thunder as he ran toward Jack. Metaphor A metaphor states that one thing is something else. It is a comparison, but it does NOT use like or as to make the comparison. Put Simply: Similes and Metaphors are used to understand one thing by comparing it to another Hyperbole Hyperbole is a type of figurative language that is used in poetry. Comedians also use it to make jokes. It is using exaggerations to make writing more interesting. Hyperbole An exaggeration or overstatement intended to produce an effect without being taken literally. Example: I've told you a million times not to exaggerate. Hyperbole I Swear I Only Napped a Minute Eyes fluttered shut Drool formed a pool The nap was only to last a minute The sun set Winters came and went The nap was only to last a minute Wrinkles formed Young men grew white beards The nap may have lasted more than a minute Personification Personification Personification is giving human qualities, feelings, action, or characteristics to inanimate (non-living) objects. Personification The sky is low By Emily Dickinson The sky is low, the clouds are mean, A travelling flake of snow Across a barn or through a rut Debates if it will go. A narrow wind complains all day How some one treated him; Nature, like us, is sometimes caught Without her diadem. Sound Devices Onomatopoeia on-uh-mat-uh-pee-uh Listen quietly…… What do you hear? Onomatopoeias are words that illustrate sound such as bang, boom, click, swish, clap, creak and beep. Onomatopoeia Noises By Danielle Caryl The click of the clock, the creak of the stair, The squeak of a mouse and the swoosh of the air. The groan of the house as it settles below, And outside the window, the patter of snow. The scruff of the dog's paws below where I rest, The rattle of the window that seems to face West. The jingle of bells from a wind chime next door The unearthly sounds of a truly loud snore. The crunching of snow under an animal's feet, The honk of a horn from right down the street. So many noises I just want to weep, Is it too much to ask for some sleep? Alliteration Repetition of a consonant at the beginning of words in poetry or in any writing Example: The tiny tomatoes from Tom's garden were tasty. Example: Alliteration is the same sound starting several words in the same sentence. Alliteration Time By Roger Waters Ticking away the moments that make up a dull day Fritter and waste the hours in an offhand way Kicking around on a piece of ground in your home town Waiting for someone or something to show you the way Tired of lying in the sunshine staying home to watch the rain And you are young and life is long and there is time to kill today And then one day you find ten years have got behind you No one told you when to run, you missed the starting gun And you run and you run to catch up with the sun, but it's sinking Racing around to come up behind you again The sun is the same in a relative way, but you're older Shorter of breath and one day closer to death Every year is getting shorter, never seem to find the time Plans that either come to naught or half a page of scribbled lines Hanging on in quiet desperation is the English way The time is gone, the song is over, thought I'd something more to say Assonance The repetition of vowel sounds in stressed syllables to achieve partial rhyme Example: brave ladies live not in vain Assonance Ah! Sun-flower by William Blake Ah Sun-flower! weary of time, Who countest the steps of the Sun: Seeking after that sweet golden clime Where the traveller's journey is done; Where the Youth pined away with desire, And the pale Virgin shrouded in snow Arise from their graves and aspire Where my Sun-flower wishes to go. Consonance The repetition of consonant sounds, but not vowels Example: all mammals named Sam are clammy Narrative Poetry In order to analyze a narrative poem, first read through it with the following questions in mind: Who are the characters in the poem? What are the characters doing, or what is happening? Why are these events happening? How are the characters affected by the action or events? What can be learned from the poem? Repetition in Poetry Here's what repetition does in poetry: It sets up expectations which are either fulfilled for the reader or frustrated (and often both fulfilled and frustrated). Repetition in Poetry For example: When the first line of a poem has a certain rhythm, we expect this rhythm to continue. As the poet introduces changes, we experience a mixture of tension and pleasure in the variety. Thus repetition (and the lack of it) gives a poem texture and interest. Repetition in Poetry Repetition also amplifies and intersects with sense. We Real Cool by Gwendoyln Brooks The Pool Players. Seven at the Golden Shovel. We real cool. We Left school. We Lurk late. We Strike straight. We Sing sin. We Thin gin. We Jazz June. We Die soon. Repetition in Poetry The repetition of the word "We" is originally planted at the start of both the title and the first line. This repetition is intensified with "We" causing a breathy kind of suspense at each line break. We have the fulfillment of expectation, right? Repetition in Poetry Then the "We" repetition is suddenly cut off - the frustration of expectation. The missing "We" at the end of the poem dramatizes through sound (or, more precisely, the lack of sound) the bitter loss of these young men who, the poem implies, have wasted their all-too-brief lives. Repetition in Poetry Repetition can be a tricky business in poems. My former poetry teacher, Randy Watson, used to tell us never to repeat a word in a poem. He said that the second presence of the word reduces the energy at that point as well as at the first appearance of the word. This is good advice, I think. Repetition in Poetry At the same time, however, repetition can accumulate the music and the feeling. Using Precise Words Connotation in Poetry A reminder: Denotation is when you mean what you say, literally. Connotation is created when you mean something else, something that might be initially hidden. The connotative meaning of a word is based on implication, or shared emotional association with a word. Connotation in Poetry Greasy is a completely innocent word: Some things, like car engines, need to be greasy. But greasy contains negative associations for most people, whether they are talking about food or about people. Connotations are important in poetry because poets use them to further develop or complicate a poem's meaning. To Become a Poet Choose a subject that has value, that makes a point. Write about a subject that you have passion for. Pour your emotions into the poem. Choose the precise words to express your emotion. Choose your words so that your reader will remember your poem. Remember, poetry is “memorable speech.”