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THE MIDDLE AGES
2015
The Byzantine Empire
Heirs of Rome
Submitted to Gloucester Township
Public School by
Mr. C. Stephen Ingraham
10
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Social Studies Bk # ____
Full Name ___________________________
Mrs. Ross & Mr. Ingraham
Date _________________
Middle Ages Table of Contents
1.
Middle Ages Vocabulary
2.
Middle Ages Song
3.
“Justinian Looks to the Past” & “The Christian Church Divides”
4.
“Herders and Townspeople” & “Mohammad and Islam”
5.
“The Muslim Empire Grows” & “Divisions in The Muslim Empire”
6.
“Divisions of the “MIDDLE AGES”
7.
“The Early Middle ages-Charlemagne”
8.
“Charlemagne builds an Empire” & “Life in the Middle Ages”
9.
“The Church and the Crusades’ & “ Disaster and Change”
10. ‘The Rise of the Nation-States”
11. “The Magna Carta”
Social Studies Bk # ____
Full Name ___________________________
Mrs. Ross & Mr. Ingraham
Date _________________
Middle Ages Table of Contents
Paragraph:
Law was an important part of government both in the Byzantine
Empire and in England. Write a paragraph describing the actions
taken to improve and expand the law. Be sure to point out the
long term impact of actions taken.”
Social Studies Bk # ____
Full Name ___________________________
Mrs. Ross & Mr. Ingraham
Date _________________
Middle Ages Table of Contents
Paragraph:
During the Medieval period a Knight was an important element of
society. Write a paragraph citing information from the selection.
Hint: (questions you could answer: What is a Knight? How does
he become a knight? How is he supposed to act? How did
knights really act?
Use with by Sir Dana: A Knight Dana Fradon pp. 296-301
Vocabulary of the Middle Ages #1
Apprentice The first step in learning a trade. A boy would live 7 years with a master
craftsman.
black plague – (AKA bubonic plague & black Death)a sickness caused by bites from fleas
on rats.
Caliph – A successor to the profit Muhammad; an Islamic religious leader
contract – a written agreement (between the king & vassal).
crusades - Eight attempts by Christian volunteers to free the holy land from the Seljuk
1
Turks who were Muslim.
cultural diffusion - The spreading of new ideas to other places.
Dark Ages - The end of classical civilizations; An era of repression and unenlightenment
from 500- 1000 CE.
dubbing ceremony - When a squire has completed his training and is proclaimed a
mounted man-at-arms, a knight
feudalism – The system of trading protection for loyalty.
Fief – A grant of land given by a king or lord (manor).
Guild – An association of craftsmen of a particular trade who set price and methods to be
followed
Holy Land - The area around Jerusalem considered important to Christians.
Islam - The religion of Muslims, based on belief in one God, or Allah.
Journeyman – The second step in learning a trade and becoming a master craftsman.
knight - A medieval gentleman-soldier raised by a sovereign to privileged military status.
lord - A man of high rank in feudal society, who owns a manor.
manor – a large block of land made up of forests, meadows, a church, a village, and the
castle of the noble who owned it all.
Master – the final step in learning a trade and when one is accepted into the Guild.
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Vocabulary of the Middle Ages #2
1b
medieval – The time of Middle Ages in Europe from 500 CE. - 1,500 CE.
Magna Carta - The document that English nobles forced King John to sign in 1215, limiting
the king’s power and protecting the rights of people.
Muslim - A follower of Muhammad and Islam.
page - A boy who acted as a knight’s attendant or ceremonially employed as an attendant at
court
Patriarch – The leader of the Christian church based in Constantinople.
pope – the leader of the Christian church based in Rome.
serfs – peasant farmers who worked the noble’s land. They were tied to the land of a Noble.
squire - A young man’s second step in training to become a medieval knight.
tenant – someone who pays rent to the landowner.
vassal – a noble who agrees to perform service for the king in time of war in exchange for
use of the land.
nation-state – a government with a strong central government, laws, single ruler, language,
customs, & standing army.
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Vocabulary of the Middle Ages
1b
1. ___ The time of Middle Ages in Europe from 500 CE. - 1,500 CE. is known as?
a) Dark Ages b) Medieval Period c) Magna Carta d) Black Ages.
2. ___ The area around Jerusalem considered important to Christians is known as? a) Christendom
b) the Holy Land c) The Byzantine Empire d) the Magna Carta.
3. ___ the leader of the Christian church based in Rome was called? a) Patriarch b) Caliph c) Messiah
d) Pope.
4. ___ Eight attempts by Christian volunteers to free the holy land from the Seljuk Turks who were
Muslim were called a) Civil war b) the Muslim Wars c) the Crusades d) Persian Wars.
5. ___ A follower of Muhammad and Islam was know as a/an? a) vassal b) Muslim c) Christian
d) Polytheistic.
6. ___ The religion of Muslims, based on belief in one God, or Allah is called? a) Islam
b) Muhammadism c) Christianity d) Feudalism.
7. ___ The spreading of new ideas to other places is also known as a) plagiarism b) cultural identity
c) innovation d) cultural diffusion.
8. ___ The end of classical civilizations; An era of repression and unenlightenment from
500- 1000 CE. a) Dark Ages b) Medieval Period c) Magna Carta d) Black Ages.
9. ___ The document that English nobles forced King John to sign in 1215, limiting the king’s power
called a) monarchy b) Declaration of Independence c) Magna Carta d) Twelve Tables
10. ___ What is a sickness caused by bites from fleas on rats called a) feudalism b) black plague
c) medieval disease d) inoculation.
11. ___ What is a government with a strong central government, laws, single ruler, language,
customs, & standing army called? a) empire b) nation-state c) city-state d) feudal manor
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1c
1. ___ The system of trading protection for loyalty is known as? a) Islam
b) Muhammadism c) Christianity d) Feudalism.
2. ___ A boy who acted as a gentleman soldiers attendant or ceremonially employed as an attendant at
court a) serf b) page c) squire d) knight.
3. ___ A young man’s second step in training to become a medieval knight is called a) serf b) page
c) squire d) knight.
4. ___ A medieval gentleman-soldier raised by a sovereign to privileged military status is called
a) legionnaire b) knight c) vassal d) squire.
5. ___ This is when a squire has completed his training and is proclaimed a mounted
man-at-arms, a knight a) feudalism b) dubbing ceremony c) vassal’s contract d) manorism.
6. ___ A noble who agrees to perform service for the king in time of war in exchange for use of
the land a) vassal b) tenant c) serf d) knight.
7. ___ A written agreement (between the king & vassal) is called a/an? a) convent b) contract
c) arrangement d) nation-state.
8. ___ peasant farmers who worked the noble’s land. They were tied to the land of a Noble is called?
a) serf b) page c) squire d) tenant.
9. ___ Someone who pays rent to the landowner is known as a/an? a) serf b) page c) squire d) tenant.
10. ___ A man of high rank in feudal society, who owns a manor is called? a) serf b) page c) lord
d) tenant.
11. ___ A large block of land made up of forests, meadows, a church, a village, and the castle of
the noble who owned it all is called a/an? A) kingdom b) manor c) plantation d) estate.
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Part 1 by C. Stephen Ingraham
Rome is gone, in the East its Byzantinum
In the West it has fallen apart
Fighting over icons the church divides into two parts.
In Constantinople Justinian, the emperor,
tries to recreate Roman glory
His wife, Theodora, champions women and the poor.
2
Muhammad worships the one god Allah
Founding Islam submitting to god’s will
Smashing statues in Mecca. The Muslims worship there still.
With more than one successor
Whose caliph? no one’s quite sure.
It doesn’t matter to the Sunni; the Shiites follow the fourth caliph.
Charlemagne and the Franks in France
try to recreate the empire’s western part,
but it becomes small kingdoms as Europe breaks apart.
The serfs live on a manor
Tenant farmers of a noble,
who was the vassal of a king, that’s the feudal system thing.
Sung to the Theme of “Gilligan’s Island”
The Middle Ages Song
CSI08
by C. Stephen Ingraham
The crusaders are off to the Holy Lands.
Fleas on rats bring the bubonic plague.
Small kingdoms form
Nation-States,
The Magna Carta
limits the king’s power,
More individual freedoms,
No one’s above the law,
That’s the Middle Ages.
2a
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Sung to the Theme of “Gilligan’s Island”
The Middle Ages Song Part 2
Advanced Education during the Middle Ages
The Steps to become:
A Master Craftsman
1) Apprentice
2) Journeyman
3) Master
Determined by the
GUILD
3a
A Knight
1) Page
2) Squire
3) Knight
Dubbing Ceremony
by a SOVEREIGN (King)
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The Essential Questions –Middle Ages
What was life like during the Middle Ages?
What changes in life during this period result in the rise of the
middle class?
How did Christianity spread during this period?
How do established religions react when threatened?
Why do religions splinter and what effect does that have on
society?
How do political, economic, social, and cultural institutions and
events shape people’s way of thinking and lead to an
evolving society?
What were the effects of the Crusades on life in Europe?
How does the social structure of the Middle Ages compare to
urban and rural life in the present?
How do primary and secondary sources inform us about the
development and practices of society and government?
CSI08
Five Minute Assessment The Byzantine Empire
I.
3a
A. Justinian I Looks to the Past
1.___ The capital of the Byzantine Empire which lasted almost 1000 years after
the fall of Rome is? a) Athens b) Byzantium c) Constantinople d) Rome
2.___ Emperor Justinian made a new set of laws called ? a) the Twelve Tables
b) the Justinian Code c) the Code of Constantine d) Hammurabi’s Code
3. ___ The empress who helped the poor, women, and those with different forms
of Christianity was? a) Theodora b) Isadora c) Cleopatra d) Hatshepsut.
I.
C. The Christian Church Divides
4. ___ Why were Christian church leaders in the West supportive of the use of
icons? a) most people could not read or write
b) the pictures reminded them of idols
c) the pictures were mosaics
d) Jesus mentioned them in his preaching.
5. ___The Byzantine church leaders, who did not want people to use icons were
called. a) Popes b) Patriarchs c) Caliphs d) Buddhas
I.
A. Justinian I Looks to the Past
The Byzantine Empire
1. The Roman capital of Constantinople is in the
3a
Byzantine Empire which continued a 1000 years after the fall of Rome
2. Improvements to the Empire
a) The Justinian Code updated the Roman Twelve Tables
b) Silkworm eggs and mulberry trees smuggled out of China to ended their
silk trade monopoly .
c) Building program: new churches, buildings & aqueducts.
B. Theodora, Bringer of Change
1. Empress Theodora suggests other improvements
a) Property could be left to daughters
b) People should be given jobs based on abilities
c) Forms other than Orthodox Christianity should be allowed
I.
C. The Christian Church Divides
1. Religion causes disagreement and arguments.
a) In the eastern part the Byzantine patriarchs, or church leaders felt using
icons was like worshipping idols.
b) In the West most people could not read or write so icons were thought
to be a good way to teach Christianity.
2. In 1054, the Christian Church split.(ending the Byzantine Empire)
a) The church of Rome became the Roman Catholic Church
b) The church of Constantinople became the Eastern Orthodox Church.
I.
I.
A. Justinian I Looks to the Past
The Byzantine Empire
1. The Roman capital of Constantinople is located in the
Byzantine Empire which lasted almost 1000 years after the fall of Rome 3
2. Improvements to the Empire
a) The Justinian Code simplified and updated the Roman Twelve Tables
b) Silkworm eggs and mulberry trees smuggled out of China to finally
end the monopoly the silk trade.
c) A building program of new churches, roads, bridges, & aqueducts began.
d) He had artists make magnificent paintings and mosaics.
B. Theodora, Bringer of Change
1. Empress Theodora suggests other improvements
a) Property could be left to daughters
b) People should be given jobs based on abilities
c) Forms other that Orthodox Christianity should be allowed
C. The Christian Church Divides
1. Religion caused much disagreement and many bitter arguments.
a) In the eastern part of the Byzantine Empire people felt using icons was like
worshipping idols.
b) However, in the West most people could not read or write, so icons were
thought to be a good way to teach Christianity.
2. The Byzantine church leaders, or patriarchs, did not want icons used.
3. In 1054, the Christian Church split.(ending the Byzantine Empire)
a) The church of Rome became the Roman Catholic Church
b) The church of Constantinople became the Eastern Orthodox Church.
The Roman Empire
The Mediterranean Sea
CSI08
Byzantine Empire
Atlantic
Ocean
Barbaric Tribes
EUROPE
Western Part of the
Black Sea
Roman Empire
ASIA
Mediterranean Sea
Byzantine Empire 622 CE
(Eastern Part of the Roman Empire)
AFRICA
CSI08
Five Minute Assessment The Muslim Empire
II.
II.
II.
4a
A. Herders and Townspeople
1. ___ Mecca was the largest town on the Arabian peninsula to become a city
because it had a) abundant agriculture b) a merchant economy
c) the Capital of Islam d) the cube-shaped Ka’ba
B. Muhammad and Islam
2. ___ All the messages Muhammad received from Gabriel received are in a
Islam’s holy book called the ________? a) Torah b) Qur’an
c) New Testament d) Analects.
C. The Muslim Empire Grows
3. ___ After Muhammad’s death Muslim leaders chose a“successor” called a?
a) Caliph b) Pope c) Patriarch d) Pharaoh
.
II.
4. ___ The first Muslim armies quickly conquered Mesopotamia, Syria, and Egypt and
because a) they were an unstoppable force b) the Roman Emperors ruled badly
c) the Persian army was greatly weakened d) heavy taxes and religious persecution
E. Divisions Within the Muslim Empire
5. ___The Muslim community split into several groups, but the one that accepted the
changing dynasties is? a) Shiite b) Orthodox c) Arabs d) Sunni
The Muslim Empire
II.
II.
II.
II.
4
A. Herders and Townspeople
1. The Arabian peninsula is two-thirds desert and the rest semi-dry, grassy plains called steppes.
2. Mecca was the largest town to become a city, because it had a religious cube-shaped building
called the Kaba, with statues of the Arab gods.
B. Muhammad and Islam
1. In a vision an angel told Muhammad that he was a messenger to humankind from god, Allah
2. The Qur’an is the holy book with the messages Muhammad received.
3. In 622 A.D. Muhammad leaves Mecca, but returns with other Arab tribes nine years later and
destroys all the idols in the Ka’ba.
C. The Muslim Empire Grows
1. The “successors” to Muhammad are called calips
2. Muslim armies were welcomed because of the heavy taxes and religious persecution of the
Persian and Byzantine rulers.
E. Divisions Within the Muslim Empire
1. The Umayyad family moved the Muslim capital from Medina to Damascus, Syria.
2. The Abbasid family moved the capital in 750 CE. to Baghdad.
3. Descendants of Muhammad’s daughter set up another capital in Cairo, Egypt
4. The Muslim community split into several groups:
a) The Sunni accepted the changing dynasties.
b) The Shiite wanting neither the Umayyad or Abbasid families as rulers, remained loyal to
Ali the fourth caliph’s descendants.
The Muslim Empire
4a
II.
A. Herders and Townspeople
1. The Arabian peninsula is two-thirds desert and one third grassy plains called steppes.
2. Mecca was the largest city, because it had a cube-shaped building called the Kaba, with statues
of the Arab gods.
II.
B. Muhammad and Islam
1. An angel told Muhammad to be a messenger to humankind from god, Allah
2. The Qur’an is Islam’s holy book.
3. In 622 CE. Muhammad leaves Mecca, but after 9 years returns & destroys all the Ka’ba’s idols
II. C. The Muslim Empire Grows
1. Muhammad’s “successors” are called caliphs
2. Muslims were welcomed because of Persian & Byzantine heavy taxes and religious persecutions
II.
E. Divisions Within the Muslim Empire
1. The Umayyad family moved the Muslim capital to Damascus, Syria.
2. The Abbasid family moved the capital in 750 CE. to Baghdad.
3. Muhammad daughter’s descendants set up another capital in Cairo, Egypt
4. The Muslim community split into two groups:
a) The Sunni accepted the changing dynasties.
b) The Shiite wanting neither the Umayyad or Abbasid as rulers, remained loyal to Ali the fourth
caliph’s descendants.
EUROPE
* Constantinople
Spain
ASIA
Syria
Persia
Palestine
Alexandria*
Arabia
* Medina
* Mecca
AFRICA
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EUROPE
* Constantinople
Spain
ASIA
Syria
Persia
Palestine
Alexandria*
Arabia
* Medina
* Mecca
AFRICA
CSI08
Byzantine Empire
Atlantic
Ocean
Holy Roman Empire
Black Sea
EUROPE
ASIA
Mediterranean Sea
Islam around 1096 CE
AFRICA
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THE MIDDLE AGES
5
The High
The Early
Middle Ages Middle Ages
400-900 CE 900-1250 CE
ROMAN
EMPIRE
The Late
Middle Ages
1250-1500 CE
RENAISSANCE
Use with “A History of the Middle Ages” DVD Discovery & Worksheet.
CSI12
Five Minute Assessment Europe in the Middle Ages
III.
A. Charlemagne Builds an Empire
6b
1.___ The most powerful Germanic tribe was the ______?
a) The Visagoths b) The Huns c) The Gauls d) the Franks.
2.___ Who was named Augustus and crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the
pope?
a) Octavian Caesar b) Julius Caesar c) Charlemagne d) Constantine
III.
B. Life in the Middle Ages
3. ___ Most Western Europeans lived in small villages which were part of a
a) province b) manor c) city-state d) polis
4. ___ All of the following are part of a manor except? a) forests b) meadows
c) churches d) villages e) harbors f) serfs g) a castle or manor house
5. ___ The Noble himself was a tenant of the King called a _______?
a) vassal b) knight c) squire d) patriarch.
Europe in the Middle Ages
III.
III.
6c
A. Charlemagne Builds an Empire
1. The Middle Ages is the years from 500-1500 CE.
2. During the last days of the Roman Empire the Germanic Tribes controlled
Western Europe.
3. The most powerful tribe was the Franks and their leader was Charlemagne
a) He conquered parts of Italy, Germany, central Europe, & Northern Spain.
b) He had close ties with the Pope, the leader of the Christian church.
c) He set up a school to teach the Noble’s children how to rule responsibly.
4. After his death in 814 CE. Vikings attacked from the North, Slavs & Magyars
from the East, and Muslims from the South.
B. Life in the Middle Ages
1. Most Europeans lived in small villages which were part of a manor,
or a large block of land (made up of forests, meadows, farmland, the village, a church, and the house or castle of the noble).
2. Peasants, or serfs , farmed the land and lived in the village.
3. They were tenants, and paid rent to the noble in the form of services and goods.
4. The Noble was a vassal or tenant of the King and signed a contract agreeing
to:
a) fight in the King’s Army
b) collect taxes.
5. This system of trading protection for loyalty became the Feudal System.
Europe in the Middle Ages
III.
6z
A. Charlemagne Builds an Empire
1. The Middle Ages is the years from 500-1500 CE.
2. After the Roman Empire fell the Germanic Tribes controlled
Western Europe.
3. Charlemagne lead the Franks the strongest tribe.
a) He conquered parts of Italy, Germany, central Europe, & Northern Spain.
b) He had close ties with the Pope, the leader of the Christian church.
c) He set up a school to teach the Noble’s children how to rule responsibly.
4. After his death in 814 CE. Vikings attacked from the North, Slavs & Magyars
from the East, and Muslims from the South.
III.
B. Life in the Middle Ages (Feudal System)
1. Most Europeans lived in small villages which were part of a manor,
or a large block of land (made up of forests, meadows, farmland, the village, a church, and the house or castle of the noble).
2. In the Feudal System the noble lord was a vassal or tenant of the King and
signed a contract agreeing to: a) fight in the King’s Army
b) collect taxes.
3. Peasants, or serfs, farmed the Noble’s land and lived in the village.
4. They were tenants, and paid rent to the noble in the form of services and goods.
6
Europe in the Early Middle Ages
400-900 CE.
III.
A. Charlemagne
1. Charles the Great 6 foot tall & a Christian
2. King of the Germanic Tribe, the Franks
3. Gained control much of Western Europe.
4. 800 CE. crowned Pope Leo III Holy Roman Emperor.
5. Believed in Education:
a) Fields of May -Nobles
b) School for Nobles’ Children
c) Encouraged all priests to teach reading & writing
Use with United Streaming “The Age of Charlemagne”
6a
Europe in the Early Middle Ages
III.
A. Charlemagne 400-900 CE.
1. ___ Who was the most powerful Germanic tribe to control Western Europe?
a) the Huns b) The Lombards c) the Visigoths d) the Franks.
2. ___ Who defeated the Saracens and ended the Muslim advance into
Europe? a) Charles the Hammer b) Charlemagne
c) Constantine d) King Richard “the Lion-hearted”
3. ___ In 800 CE. on Christmas day who was crowned by Pope Leo III “The
First Holy Roman Emperor”? a) Charles the Hammer b) Charlemagne
c) Constantine d) Emperor Augustus.
4. ___ Charlemagne’s administration advanced the literacy of the people by
encouraging a) the use of a literacy journal b) education
c) establishing school for the noble’s children
d) having local priest teach Latin to the serfs.
5. ___ To have land to farm and protection what did the serfs pledge to their
nobles? a) their labor working their lords land
b) half the next year’s harvest c) seven years labor by written contract
d) 40 days military service.
Use with United Streaming “The Age of Charlemagne”
Social Structures in the Middle Ages
1. Land is the most valuable thing a monarch (King) owns.
7
2. Feudal System - he monarch trades land for loyalty
a) A vassal sign a contract in Homage ceremony & promises to
collect taxes & defend the kingdom in exchange for land
b) the land is a manor (with serfs) or “fief”.
3. Noble sons
a) The oldest inherits the manor
b) other sons become a knight or a priest
4. Noble daughters marry or become religious nuns.
5. Knights were the gentleman soldier of the king or lord of the manor
6. Serfs belong to the manor (women & men have equally a hard life)
7. During the later Middle Ages towns & cities develop along with a merchant class
a) The life of a freeman is extremely more difficult than a serf.
b) Wealthy merchants had more money than the king’s family
Use after DVD Discovery Life in the Middle Ages “Social Structure”CSI14
Social Structures in the Middle Ages
1. _____ What became the most valuable thing a king owned?
a) the land b) the crown jewels c) a golden throne d) the royal yacht.
7a
2. ____ This deal exchanging something of value for loyalty is called a
a) Lordly Agreement b) feudal relationship c) Pledge of Faith
d) Leap of Faithfulness & Friendship.
3. ____ What was the formal ceremony called when a vassal swore a pledge of
loyalty to their lord? a) homage b) bondage c) knighthood d) fiefing.
4. ____ How long did a vassal have use of the land?
a) until a new lord claimed the kingdom b) one hundred years it was leased
c) as long as they honored their agreement. d) until his death.
5. ____ Among the peasants and serfs women enjoyed a) town festivals
b) equality with their husband c) country fairs d) church socials.
6. ____ Who does a serf and his family belong to? a) the King b) the Noble
c) the Vassal d) the Manor
7. ____ During the later Middle Ages, which women had the best clothes, food, and
housing? a) Queens b) Rich Noble’s wives c) very religious nuns
d) wealthy merchant’s wives.
8. ____ In the Middle Ages people believed that these relationships mean everyone
in society depended on everyone else and the people on the top
a) were the most Godlike b) were the most important
c) had a duty to protect those on the bottom d) serve the kingdom
Use after DVD Discovery Life in the Middle Ages “Social Structure”CSI13
The Feudal System
1) Protection
2) Taxes
KING
Land
Fief
Atlantic
Ocean
EUROPE
Upper
Nobility
Upper
Nobility
Lower
Nobility
Lower
Nobility
Lower
Nobility
Lower
Nobility
Knights
Knights
Knights
Knights
SERFS
SERFS
SERFS
SERFS
CSI08
The Medieval Church in the Middle Ages
1.
2.
The life of a Monk was available sons of rich, noble families.
a) A boy began his training at seven becoming an oblate
b) A boy completed his training at fifteen
c) The life of a Monk was strict, structured with prayer & work
d) There was one meal at midday.
Monks worked for their monastery
8
a) farming
b) working crafts
c) copying books
d) nursing
3.
4.
5.
6.
A friar was a monk who was also a priest lived in poverty working in a community
Priests were ordained and assigned to a parish
Knights, who took a monk’s religious vows to defend the church, are Templars
The life of a religious Nun was available to the noble’s unmarried daughters.
Use after DVD Discovery Life in the Middle Ages “The Monk”
CSI14
The Medieval Church in the Middle Ages
1. ___Who decided what a boy or girl would become ? a) the parish priest
b) the lord of the manor c) the mayor of the village d) their parents
8a
2. ___ How old did a boy have to be to begin his training as an oblate to
become a monk? a) seven b) ten c) fifteen d) twenty-one
3. ___ At what age would an oblate finish his training, make vows and promise to live in
the monastery? a) seven b) ten c) fifteen d) twenty-one
4. ___ The monasteries became rich and powerful for all these reasons except?
a) Parents would pay for their son’s or daughter’s admittance
b) Nobles would give land & money for the prayers of monks
c) Nobles would pay to live in the monastery when they were old
d) Nobles would pay to have their children educated there
5. ___ Who did the teaching and nursing during the medieval period?
a) Nuns b) Priests c) Monks d) Friars
6. ___ Today, what would we think the most important thing a monk did during
middle ages? a) make dairy products, bread and wine b) copy books
c) tend the monastery farm d) learn a trade & work as a craftsman
Use after DVD Discovery Life in the Middle Ages “The Monk”
CSI14
The Crusades
1)
2)
3)
4)
EUROPE
1096-1099 CE.
1147-1149 CE.
1189-1192 CE.
1202-1204 CE.
2
* Constantinople
1
Spain
4
ASIA
* Antioch
Syria
3
Persia
Palestine
* Jerusalem
Alexandria*
Arabia
* Medina
* Mecca
AFRICA
CSI08
Europe in the High Middle Ages
III.
9
900-1250 CE.
B Crusades
1. Called By Pope Urban II
2. Free Jerusalem (& Holy Land) from Seljuk Turks
3. 1st Crusade 1096-1099 captures Acre & Jerusalem
4. Muslim Saladin recaptures Jerusalem & Acre.
5. 2nd Crusade 1147-1149 King Richard recaptures Acre
6. Six more Crusades (8 Total)
7. Acre falls to Muslims
Effects:
a) Europe is exposed to Arab goods & Ideas
b) New trade route are established
c) Cities grew people began moving into them.
Use with United Streaming “The Crusades”
Europe in the High Middle Ages
III.
B Crusades
9a
900-1250 CE.
1. ___ What sacred city is sacred to Muslims, Christians & Jews? a) Rome
b) Constantinople c) Acre d) Jerusalem.
2. ___ How long did crusaders march before they finally reached the holy
land? a) three months b) six months c) one year d) three years.
3. ___ In the year 1160 CE, 60 years after conquering Jerusalem what have
the Crusaders established? a) the elimination of all Muslims
b) the Holy Roman Empire c) 4 Christian states & 60 strongholds
d) the Orthodox Christian Byzantine Empire.
4 ___ Who was able to unite the Muslims world in what would be modern-day
Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, Syria & Iraq? A) Saladin
b) Pope Urban II c) Richard the Lion-hearted d) Emperor Constantine.
5. ___ Who were the last Crusaders to exit Acre through a subterranean
tunnel? a) the Selteck Turks b) Christian Pilgrims
c) The Knights of the round table d) the Knights Templar.
6. ___ Besides cultural growth, what was the real legacy of the eight
crusades to Europe? a b) the strengthening of the Church
c) prosperity and trade d) universal peace.
Use with United Streaming “The Crusades”
The Plague in the Middle Ages
D. Disaster and Change
10
1. Western European cities became unhealthy places for all these reasons:
a) over crowding with people & animals
b) piles of garbage in the streets with rats everywhere.
2. Most now thing the bubonic plaque was caused by the bites of fleas from rats and
one fourth to one third of the people in Europe died.
3. The plague symptoms were:
a) flu-like fever and vomiting
b) buboes reaching orange size
c) spitting blood
d) death within 2 -6 days
4. The surviving Europeans who blamed everyone in authority.
a) the kings & noble lords
b) the church
c) even God
Use after DVD Discovery Life in the Middle Ages “The Plague”
CSI14
The Plague in the Middle Ages
10a
D. Disaster and Change
1. ___ How did the fortified city of Caffa get the plague from the Mongols?
a) the nobles caught it in the palace signing the peace treaty
b) the serfs caught it as the invaders stole their crops
c) dead bodies were catapulted over the walls
d) sailors and merchants brought it with them as they traveled.
2. ___ In the last century the main theory is that the Bubonic plague was caused by
bacteria which was spread by? a) rats b) fleas c) cats d) wolfs
3. ___ During the Late Middle Ages what was the greatest killer of people?
a) warfare b) famine c) plague d) Attila the Hun
4. ___ For Medieval people what was the more terrifying prospect than death itself?
a) to die alone and forgotten b) to die before confessing their sins
c) to die separated from your family and loved ones
d) to die without last rites.
5. ___Those in Europe who survived blamed these people in authority?
a) the kings of the kingdoms b) noble lords and the lord of the manor
b) the clerics of the church d) all in authority
Use after DVD Discovery Life in the Middle Ages “The Plague”
CSI14
Five Minute Assessment
III.
10b
C. The Church and the Crusades
1. ___ In 1095 who called on all Christians to help seize control of the
holy city of Jerusalem back from the Seljuk Turks? a) Pope Augustus II
b) Pope Benedict X c) Pope Urban II d) Justinian I
2. ___ During the Crusades thousands of Christians and Muslims died, but the
Christians never gained control of Jerusalem. How many Crusades were
there? a) three b) eight c) nine d) twelve.
III.
D. Disaster and Change
3. ___ Western European cities became unhealthy places for all these reason except?
a) over crowding b) animals c) piles of garbage d) lack of clean water.
4. ___ During the late Middle Ages many people were dying because of ?
a) the Punic War b) lack of sanitization c) the hundred years war
b) the bubonic plaque
5. ___ Who did the Europeans who survived blame?
a) their kings and the church b) sanitization workers c) God
d) enemy invaders.
Europe in the Middle Ages
III.
III.
10c
C. The Church and the Crusades
1. The idea that all of Europe’s separate kingdoms were united in a Christian
Community is known as Christendom.
2. In 1095 Pope Urban II called on all Christians to help seize control of the
holy city of Jerusalem back from the Seljuk Turks.
3. Whole families volunteered to become crusaders marched across
Europe, but many died of hunger before reaching the holy land.
4. Thousands died in eight attempts, but the Christians never gained control of
Jerusalem.
D. Disaster and Change
1. European cities became crowded and unhealthy places.
2. Streets were full of people, animals, and garbage.
3. In the 1340s a deadly sickness called the Bubonic Plaque came to Europe,
caused by the bites of fleas on rats.
4. One fourth of the people died.
5. The Europeans who survived blamed their kings and the Church for not
being able to stop the plague.
Trade in the Middle Ages
11
The Rise of The Merchant Class
1. The returning Crusaders stimulated trade (Trade brought wealth).
2. Traveling merchants bought goods cheaply and sold them for a profit.
3. Cities grew as people were employed to make things.
4. Wealthy merchants controlled Craftman’s Guilds & made laws.
The Effects of the Guilds:
1. Guild controlled who could produce goods
2. What the price could be.
3. What the training was:
a) Apprentice (4-12 years)
b) Journeyman
c) Master (Determined by the Guild).
Similar to the training
for knighthood:
a) Page
b) Squire
c) Knight
Use after DVD Discovery Life in the Middle Ages “The Merchant”
CSI13
Trade in the Middle Ages
The Rise of The Merchant Class
11a
1. ___ How did the merchants start out during the middle ages?
a) as second sons of rich nobles b) as heir to a king’s throne
c) as wealthy princes d) as landless peasants.
2. ___ Where did the first Medieval towns begin to form?
a) in lush, fertile river valleys b) at desert oasises
b) at places of food & shelter for travelers
c) on the Mediterranean coast.
3. ___ Who were the most influential of medieval merchants?
a) Those who traveled the longest distances
b) Those who hired workers c) Those who made their own goods
d) Those with wealthy family backgrounds.
4. ___ Working with a master craftsman a young boy learned a trade by
becoming a) married to the master’s daughter b) an apprentice
c) enrolled in a guild school d) vassal of a lord.
5. ___ Who were the most powerful groups in every town/
a) the Master craftsman b) the Knights c) the Nobles
d) the Guilds.
6. ___ In most town who made the laws and enforced them?
a) rich merchants & Guild masters b) the King
d) the lord of their manor d) the Knights Templar.
Use after DVD Discovery Life in the Middle Ages “The Merchant” CSI14
Trade in the Middle Ages
11c
II A. The Mongol Conquests
1. Genghis Khan (World Leader) & 130,000 Mongolian riders invade China.
2. His sons conquer Korea, Russia, Poland, Hungary, and Persia.
3. Mongol soldiers keep peace & traders safe.
B. An Exchange of Ideas and Goods
1. In the late 1200s Marco Polo (A European) visits China.
2. Marco Polo’s stories are published.
3. European become interested in Chinese Inventions:
Gunpowder, Compass, Silks, Porcelain, Jewels, and other riches.
4. The Chinese, Rabban Bar Sauma visits European Kingdoms.
5. Trade develops ( & The Bubonic Plague).
CSI13
Byzantine Empire
Atlantic
Ocean
France
EUROPE
Black Sea
ASIA
Spain
Mediterranean Sea
The Rise of the Nation-States
Strong Central Government, ruler, laws,
full time army, common language, & customs.
AFRICA
CSI08
Europe in the Middle Ages
12
III. E. The Rise of Nation-States
1. Kings begin to take authority away from the nobles and church leaders.
ending Feudalism.
2. Nation-states or strong central government with a single king
began to form in many parts of Europe.
They had:
a) They had own laws
b) One leader
c) full-time army
d) Language
e) culture and customs
3. The Effects of the Magna Carta:
In 1215 the 63 demands the English King John signed guaranteed
for the first time:
a) The King and everyone else had to accept responsibility for their
actions.
b) Everybody was required to obey the laws.
c) The king needed the general consent of the kingdom before making
new laws or taxes.
d) This protected the freedoms of everyone in England.
CSI13
ADDITIONAL
MATERIAL
Europe in the Middle Ages
III.
III.
6
A. Charlemagne Builds an Empire
1. ___________ _____ is the years from 500-1500 CE.
2. During the last days of the Roman Empire the___________ _________ came
to control much of Western Europe.
3. The most powerful tribe was the _______________ and their leader was
____________________________.
a) He conquered parts of Italy, Germany, central Europe, & Northern Spain.
b) He had close ties with the ___________, the leader of the Christian church.
c) He set up a school to teach the Noble’s children how to rule responsibly.
4. After his death in 814 CE. Vikings attacked from the North, Slavs & Magyars
from the East, and Muslims from the South.
B. Life in the Middle Ages
1. Most Europeans lived in small villages which were part of a _______________,
or a large block of land (made up of forests, meadows, farmland, the village, a church, and the house or castle of the noble).
2. Peasants, or ____________ , farmed the land and lived in the village.
3. They were ____________, or people who pays rent to the noble in the form of
services and goods.
4. The Noble himself was a tenant of the King called a _____________, who had
agreed to perform services for the king in return for being given use of the land.
In a written contract he agreed to: a) fight in the King’s Army
b) collect taxes.
5. This system of trading protection for loyalty became known as the
______________ ______________.
I.
I.
A. Justinian I Looks to the Past
The Byzantine Empire
3
1.Constantine’s Roman capital of ____________ is located in the
Byzantine Empire which lasted almost 1000 years after the fall of Rome
2.By 565 CE Emperor Justinian I reconquered much of the old Roman Empire.
3. Improvements to the Empire
a) Justinian made a new set of laws called ___________________ which
simplified and updated the Roman Twelve Tables
b) He had silkworm eggs and mulberry trees smuggled out of China to end
their complete control, or ________________ , of the silk trade.
c) He started a building program of new churches, roads, bridges, & aqueducts
d) He had artists make magnificent paintings and _____________, or pictures
of bits of colored stone or glass.
C. The Christian Church Divides
1. Religion caused much disagreement and many bitter arguments.
a) In the eastern part of the Byzantine Empire people felt that _______, or
pictures of Jesus & the saints, were like worshipping idols.
b) In the West most people could not read or write, so icons were thought
to be a good way to teach Christianity.
2. The Byzantine church leaders, or _________ did not want people to use Icons.
3. In 1054, the Christian Church split.(ending the Byzantine Empire)
a) The church of Rome became the Roman Catholic, or ________________
b) The church of Constantinople became the Eastern Orthodox Church.
II.
II.
II.
II.
The Muslim Empire
A. Herders and Townspeople
4
1. The Arabian peninsula is two-thirds desert and the rest semi-dry,
grassy plains called ___________________.
2. Mecca was the largest town to become a city, because it had a religious cubeshaped building called the _______________, with statues of the Arab gods.
B. Muhammad and Islam
1. In a vision the angel _________________ told Muhammad that he was a
messenger to humankind and there is no god but God, or ______________.
2. All the messages Muhammad received are in a holy book called the ________.
3. In 622 A.D. Muhammad leaves Mecca, but returns with other Arab tribes nine
years later and destroyed all the idols in the Ka’ba.
C. The Muslim Empire Grows
1. The “successors” to Muhammad are called _______________.
2. Muslim armies were welcomed because of the heavy taxes and religious
persecution of the Persian and Byzantine rulers.
E. Divisions Within the Muslim Empire
1. The ________________ family moved the Muslim capital from Medina to
Damascus, Syria.
2. The __________ family moved the capital in 750 CE. To Baghdad.
3. Descendants of Muhammad’s daughter set up another capital in
_________________, ____________.
4. The Muslim community split into several groups:
a) The _______________ accepted the changing dynasties.
b) The _______________ not wanting either the Umayyad or Abbasid
families as rulers, remained loyal to Ali the fourth caliph’s descendants.
Europe in the Middle Ages
9
III. E. The Rise of Nation-States
1. Kings begin to take authority away from the nobles and church leaders.
2. __________-________, or strong central government with a single king
began to form in many parts of Europe.
3.Each of these governments had: a) their own laws
b) leaders
c) full-time _____________
d) ____________________
e) culture and customs
4. The Effects of the Magna Carta:
In 1215 the 63 demands the English King John signed guaranteed
for the first time:
1) The King and everyone else had to accept _____________________
for their actions.
2) Everybody was required to _________________ the laws.
3) The king needed the general consent of the kingdom before making
new laws or taxes.
4) This protected the freedoms of everyone in England.
(and later the English Colonies & United States of America).
CSI13
The Magna Carta
10
In 1215 the Nobles presented King John of
England with a list of 63 demands. In
forcing the monarch to sign this contract
he now had to accept responsibility for his
actions and he had to obey the laws like
everyone else. The king was also required
to have the general consent of the realm
before ordering new taxes. The nobles
while trying to protect themselves also
protected the freedoms of everyone in
England. For example the Magna Carta
gave the people the right to a trial by jury.
This right is guaranteed to Americans
today in the United States Constitution.
CSI08
Remember a Topic Sentence states the main idea of a paragraph and a
concluding sentence restates or rephrases the topic idea.
#1
1). Write the topic sentence & concluding sentence of a paragraph summarizing
the legend of Santa Clause.
2) Write the topic sentence & concluding sentence of a persuasive paragraph
explaining the reasons the elves want Santa to reform conditions at the
North Pole workshops.
3). Write the topic sentence & concluding sentence of an argumentative paragraph
explaining the reasons the reindeer want Santa to give them a winter
vacation.
4) Write the topic sentence & concluding sentence of a paragraph summarizing
your favorite movie.
5) Write the topic sentence & concluding sentence of a persuasive paragraph
explaining the reasons that homework is not necessary.
CSI08
TEST REVIEW
Directions:
Write a paragraph describing the actions taken to improve
the laws in one or both of these places the Byzantine Empire
And/or England (Hint: think Justinian Code or Magna Carta).
Remember, a topic sentence states the main idea of a paragraph
and a concluding sentence restates or rephrases the topic idea.
INDENTIFY WHAT WOULD BELONG IT THIS PARAGRAPH
___ Charlemagne was a great ruler.
___ Theodora was once a circus performer.
___ Everyone has to obey the law.
___ King John was a weak ruler.
___ The pope was head of the Christian church of Rome
___ The Nobles had 63 demands.
___ Everyone is responsible for their own actions.
___ Property can be left to daughters.
___ The king must get permission to raise taxes.
___ Theodora was Justinian’s wife.
___ Only qualified people should be given jobs.
___ The updated Justinian Code was based on the Twelve Tables.
___ The Nobles forced the King to sign.
___ King John was king of England.
___ Justinian re-conquered much of the Roman Empire.
#3
CSI08
Effects of the “Magna Carta”
11
In 1215 the 63 demands the English King
John signed guaranteed for the first time:
1) the King and everyone else had to accept
responsibility for their actions.
2) Every was required to obey the laws.
3) The king needed the general consent of
the kingdom before making new laws or
taxes.
4) This protected the freedoms of everyone
in England (and later the English
Colonies & United States of America).
CSI08
Christianity
Beliefs
Divisions pp. 278-9
Islam
Beliefs
pp. 285-6 Divisions
CSI08
CSI08
Performance Assessment – The Middle Ages
Medieval Newspaper: Students will research and present a
newspaper which illustrates the major contributions of the
Middle Ages as well as the key events that changed the
outcome of Medieval Europe. Topics to research include,
but are not limited to; Medieval Castles, Medieval methods
of Torture, the Crusades, the Black Death, the Magna Carta,
Religion & Christianity, Heraldry, Feudalism, and the life of
Medieval Men & Women. Students may have opportunities
to research in class as well as create, revise, edit, and
publish the newspaper articles. This project can be enriched
or modified as needed for various learners in the class. An
Option may be to include on topic in newspaper or research
two or more topics and develop the newspaper.
CSI08
Vocabulary of the Middle Ages
Justinian Code – The Roman laws made simpler and more
understandable by Byzantine Emperor Justinian.
monopoly- complete control of the means of production.
mosaics – paintings and pictures using bits and pieces of
colored glass or stone.
orthodox – officially accepted Christainity of the Byzantine
Empire and centered in Constantinople.
icons – Holy pictures of Jesus and the saints.
patriarchs – Byzantine church leaders.
catholic – a word meeting universal or “all embracing”.
Middle Ages – The time of medieval Europe from
500 CE. - 1,500 CE.
pope – the leader of the Christian church based in Rome.
Christendom – the idea that all the Christians of every
kingdom formed a community.
crusaders – Christian volunteers who fought to free the
holy land from the Seljuk Turks who were Muslim.
CSI08
Feudal Vocabulary of the Middle Ages
Middle Ages – The time of medieval Europe from
500 CE. - 1,500 CE.
pope – the leader of the Christian church based in Rome.
manor – a large block of land made up of forests, meadows,
a church, a village, and the castle of the noble
who owned it all.
serfs – peasant farmers who worked the noble’s land. They
were tied to the land of a Noble.
tenant – someone who pays rent to the landowner.
vassal – a noble who agrees to perform service for the king
in time of war in exchange for use of the land.
contract – a written agreement (with the king & vassal).
feudal system – A system of trading protection for loyalty.
bubonic plague – a sickness causes by bites from fleas on
rats (as known as Black Death).
nation-state – a government with a strong central government,
laws, single ruler, language, customs, & standing army.
CSI08
Muslim Vocabulary of the Middle Ages
steppes – semi-dry plains of grass land.
Qur’an – The holy book of Islam.
Muslim – the religion of the followers of Muhammad’s
teaching and Islam.
Islam – means submitting to God’s will or following the
Qur’an.
caliph – A Muslim religious leader and successor to
Muhammad.
Shiite – Muslims who remain loyal to the descendants of the
fourth caliph.
Sunni – Muslims who accept the changing dynasties of
caliphs or successors to Muhammad.
mosques – Muslim houses of worship.
minarets – towers on mosques where Muslims are called to
worship five times a day.
CSI08
The Muslim Empire
II.
B. Muhammad and Islam
1. In about 570 A.D. ________________________ was
born in a poor, but important family in Mecca.
2. He became unhappy about his tribe’s ______________
worship.
3. In a vision the angel _________________ told him that
he was a messenger to humankind.
4. The message was there is no god but God, or ________.
5. Over the next 23 years there were more messages
which were put together in a holy book called the ______.
6. A _______________ is a follower of Muhammad and
believes the “Qur’an” is god’s word.
7. This religion becomes _______________ which means
“submitting to God’s Will”.
8. In 622 A.D. Muhammad leaves Mecca, but returns with
other Arab tribes nine years later and destroyed all the
idols in the Ka’ba.
The Muslim Empire
II.
II.
5
C. The Muslim Empire Grows
1. The “successors” to Muhammad are called _______________.
2. Muslim armies were welcomed because of the heavy taxes and religious
persecution of the Persian and Byzantine rulers.
E. Divisions Within the Muslim Empire
1. The ________________ family moved the Muslim capital from Medina to
Damascus, Syria.
2. The __________ family moved the capital in 750 CE. To Baghdad.
3. Descendants of Muhammad’s daughter set up another capital in
_________________, ____________.
4. The Muslim community split into several groups:
a) The _______________ accepted the changing dynasties.
b) The _______________ not wanting either the Umayyad or Abbasid
families as rulers, remained loyal to Ali the fourth caliph’s descendants.
The Byzantine Empire
I.
C. The Christian Church Divides
1. Religion caused much disagreement and many bitter arguments.
2. One argument centered around _______________ , or holy
pictures of Jesus and the saints.
a) In the eastern part of the Byzantine Empire people felt that icons
were like worshiping _______________, which is forbidden in
the Ten Commandments.
b) In the western part of the Empire most the people could not read
or write. So icons were thought of a good way to teach
Christianity.
3. The Byzantine church leaders, or ________________ did not want
people to use Icons. Byzantine emperor Leo order them destroyed.
4. In 1054, the Christian Church split.
a) The church of Rome became the Roman Catholic, or _________
____________________
b) The church of Constantinople became the Eastern Orthodox
Church.
5. In 1453 a weaken government ended the Byzantine Empire.
II.
The Muslim Empire
E. Divisions Within the Muslim Empire
1. After his death Muslim leaders chose a _____________,
or “successor” to Muhammad.
2. The ________________ family moved the Muslim capital
from Medina to Damascus, Syria..
3. The __________ family moved the capital in 750 CE. To
Baghdad.
4. Descendants of Muhammad’s daughter set up another
capital in _________________, ____________.
5. The Muslim community split into several groups:
a) The _______________ accepted the changing
dynasties.
b) The _______________ not wanting either the
Umayyad or Abbasid families as rulers, remained loyal
to Ali the four caliph’s descendants.
Europe in the Middle Ages
III.
B. Life in the Middle Ages
1. Most Europeans lived in small villages which were part of
a _____________________________, or a large block of
land (made up of forests, meadows, farmland, the
village, a church, and the house or castle of the noble).
2. Peasants, or ____________ , farmed the land and lived
in the village.
3. They were ____________, or people who pays rent to
the noble in the form of services and goods.
4. The Noble himself was a tenant of the King called a
_____________, who had agreed to perform services for
the king in return for being given use of the land. In a
written contract he agreed to:
a) fight in the King’s Army
b) collect taxes.
5. This system of trading protection for loyalty became
known as the ______________ ______________.
Europe in the Middle Ages
III. D. Disaster and Change
1. European cities became ____________________ and
_____________ places.
2. Streets were full of people, animal, and garbage..
3. In the 1340s a deadly sickness called the Black death or
the _______________ ______________ hit Europe,
caused by the bites of fleas on rats.
4. One fourth of the people died.
5. The Europeans who survived blamed their kings and the
popes for not being able to stop the plague.
Europe in the Middle Ages
III.
III.
8
C. The Church and the Crusades
1. The idea that all of Europe’s separate kingdoms were united in a Christian
Community is known as ___________________________.
2. In 1095 Pope Urban II called on all Christians to help seize control of the
holy city of Jerusalem back from the Seljuk Turks.
3. Whole families volunteered to become ______________ marched across
Europe, but many died of hunger before reaching the holy land.
4. In eight attempts thousands of Christians and Muslims died, but the
Christians never gained control of Jerusalem.
D. Disaster and Change
1. European cities became _________________ and _____________ places.
2. Streets were full of people, animal, and garbage..
3. In the 1340s a deadly sickness called the Black death or the
_______________ ______________ hit Europe, caused by the bites of
fleas on rats.
4. One fourth of the people died.
5. The Europeans who survived blamed their kings and the popes for not
being able to stop the plague.