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Suboccipital Region Muscle Picture Obliques Capitis Inferior Obliques capitis Superior Origin SP of C2 Insertion TP of C Innervation Suboccipital nerve (C1) Blood Supply Vertebral artery, Occipital Artery Action Lateral depression of the atlas TP of C1 Superior and inferior nuchal lines of the occipital bone Suboccipital nerve Vertebral and occipital arteries Lateral rotation and Extension of the head Rectus capitis posterior major SP of C2 Lateral ½ of inferior nuchal line Suboccipital nerve (C1) Vertebral and Occipital arteries Extension of the head Rectus capitis posterior minor Posterior arch of C1 Lateral ½ of inferior nuchal line Suboccipital nerve Vertebral and occipital artery Extension of the head Superficial Layer of the back: extrinsic muscles Muscle Picture Trapezius Section 1214 Latissimus Dorsi Section 1478 Origin Superior nucal line and occipital protuberance, Ligamentum nuchae, and c1-c3 SP, SP T1-T12 Insertion Clavicle, acromion, Spine of the Scapula Innervation Spinal accessory nerve (CN IX), Cervical nerves C3, C4 SP of T7-T12, toracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9-12 Floor of Thoracodorsal bicipital groove Nerve (C6, C7, of the humerus C8) Blood Supply Transverse cervical artery, Descending scapular artery, posterior intercostals artery Action Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula Thoracodorsal artery,l decending scapular artery, trans. Cervical artery Adducts, extends shoulder; internally rotates arm Levator Scapulae TP of C1-C4 Vertebral border of the scapula Dorsal scapular nerve Trans. Cervical artery, descending (dorsal) scapular artery, Posterior intercostals artery Elevates and downwardly rotates scapula Nuchal ligament, SP of C7-T1 Vertebral border of the scapula Dorsal scapular nerve Transverse cervical artery descending scapular artery Retracts scapula Section 1271 Rhomboid minor Section 1269 Rhomboid major CP of t2-T5 Vertebral border of the scapula Dorsal scapular nerve Transverse cervical artery, descending scapular artery, post. Intercostals artery Retracts the scapula Serratus Anterior External surface of upper 8 ribs Vertebral border of scapula Long thoracic nerve Lateral thoracic artery of axillary artery Lifts the anterior rib cage, protracts the scapula Section 1305 Superficial Deep Layer Muscle Picture Splenius capitus Splenius cervicus Origin Lower ligamentum nuchae and SP C7-T3 Insertion Lateral superior nuchal line Innvervation Lower cervical spinal nerves Arterial supply Dorsal branch of posterior intercostals artery Action Extension of the head SP T3-T6 Posterior tubercles of TP C1-C3 Lover cervical and upper thoracic spinal nerces Dorsal branch of posterior intercostals artery Rotates the spine ipsilaterally Intermediate layer Muscle Picture Serratus posterior superior Serratus posterior inferior Section 1588 Origin Ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T3, Insertion Ribs 2-5 beyond rib angle Thoracodorsal Ribs 9-12 fascia Innervations T1-T4 spinal nerves Blood supply Posterior intercostals artery Action Raises the upper ribs T9-12 Spinal nerves Posterior intercostals artery Depresses the lower four ribs Intermediate Deep Layer Muscle Picture Origin Insertion Innervation Blood Supply Action Erector Spinae Group- Common origin: Posterior sacrum, iliac crest, sacrotuverous ligament, dorsal sacroiliac ligament, Spinus process of T 11-L5, and supraspinous ligament Iliocostalis Common Lumborum: Posterior rami Posterior Extend and origin, Ilium, angles of lower of spinal branch of laterally bend sacrum, 6-12 ribs nerves internal vertebral lumbar vert. Thoracis: thoracic artery column dorsal SI angles of ribs ligament 1-6 Cervicis: TP of C4-C6 Longissimus Thoracis: CO, TP of L1-L5 Cericis: TP of T1-T5 Spinalis Thoracis: SP of T11-L2 Cervicis: Inferior part of nuchael lig. Capitis: TP of C7-T6 Thoracis: TP of T1-T12 and angles of lower 9 ribs Cervicis: TP of C2-C6 Capitis: TP of several levels above and mastoid process Thor: Posterior Rami of spinal nerves Thoracis: SP of T1-T4 Cervicis: SP T1T4 Capitis: Occiput between sup. And inf. Nuchal lines Posterior rami of spinal nerves Cervicis: Post. Rami of spinal nerves C3-C4 Cervicis: extend and laterally bend vertebral column Capitis: extend head Capitis: post rami of C3-C4 Thoracis: extend vertebral column Cervicis: extend head Capitis: extend head Deep Deep Layer Muscle Picture Transversospinal Group Semispinalis Origin Insertion Innervation Blood Supply Action TP of T4-T12 Toracis, cervics and capitis ribers run superomedially to occiput bone and SP in thoracic and cervical regions spanning 4-6 segments Fivers pass superomedially to SP of vertebrae above spanning 2-4 segments Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves Dorsal branch of posterior intercostals artery Extend head, cervical, and thoracic regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterally Post. Rami of spinal nerves Dorsal branch of posterior intercostals Stabilizes the vertebral column pass Post. Rami of superomedially spinal nerves to attach to junction of lamina and SP of vertebrae above their origin, spanning 1-2 segments Dorsal branch of posterior intercostals Extension and rotator movements of the vertebral column Multifidus Sacrum, ilium, lamina, and TP of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7 Rotatores TP of vertebrae Muscle Picture Origin Insertion Innervation Blood supply Action Interspinalis Base of spinous process Base of spinous process of higher vertebrae Post rami of spinal nerves Thoracic branch of intercostals artery, lumbar artery Adis in stability of spinal flexion and extension Intertransversii TP’s TP of higher vertebrae Post rami of spinal nerves Thoracic branch of intercostals arteries, lumbar artery Assist in lateral flexion of the spine