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The Six Kingdoms Domains and Kingdoms • Organisms are placed into domains and kingdoms based on their cell type, their ability to make food, and the number of cells in their bodies. Classification • Classification, like almost everything in science is continually changing. How they are separated? • Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus. • Eukaryotes -organisms with cells that contain nuclei. Today, the system of classification includes six kingdoms Prokaryotes Eukaryotes 1. Archaebacteria 2. Eubacteria 3. Protists 4. Fungi 5. Plants 6. Animals A scientific argument • Some scientists argue that Viruses should be included with living things and that they should have their own Kingdom. The Archaebacteria Kingdom • Archaebacteria are a type of prokaryote, that is, a unicellular organism without a cell nucleus. • They can survive in extreme environments and are thoughts to be one of the first life forms on earth!! The Archaebacteria Kingdom • Examples: • Methanogens – These archaebacteria obtain energy by combining hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide to form methane gas. – Methanogens live deep in the mud of swamps and are poisoned by even traces of oxygen. • They are able to survive in hot sulfur springs that has a temperature of over 90°C and pH of 2.0. The Eubacteria Kingdom • They are unicellular prokaryotes. • Eubacteria are classified in their own kingdom because their chemical makeup is different from that of archaebacteria. Examples of Eubacteria • Examples of eubacteria are: salmonella, Escherichia coli (E. coli) The Protista Kingdom • Unlike bacteria , protists are Eukaryotes • Eukaryotes are organisms with cells that contain nuclei. Examples of Protists Slime molds and algae Paramecium and amoebae The Fungi Kingdom • If you have ever seen mushrooms, you have seen fungi • Most fungi live on dead or decaying organisms Fungi Kingdom Plantae All plants are multi-cellular Eukaryotes Dandelions on a lawn, mosses in front of a forest and tomatoes in a field are all common forms of plants. Kingdom Plantae As autotrophs, plants are the . primary producers in most terrestrial food webs Plants are very important in the cycling of phosphorus, water, nitrogen, and carbon. Kingdom of Animals All animals are multi-cellular eukaryotes Members of the animal kingdoms are found in diverse environments on earth Kingdom of Animals The animal kingdom includes about 35 different phylum's, most of which are animals that live in the sea. Kinds of Animals • Segmented Worms – Annelids live in both water and soil and include the familiar earthworm. • Mollusks – They include snails, oysters, clams, octopuses, and squids. – Most have a hard external skeleton (a shell). • Arthropods – The most diverse of all animals. – They have an external skeleton, jointed appendages with antennae and jaws. Kinds of Animals • Echinoderms – Includes sea stars, sea urchins, and sand dollars. – Many are able to regenerate a lost limb. • Invertebrate Chordates – Aquatic animals that have much in common with vertebrates, though they do not have a backbone. • Vertebrates – Have an internal skeleton made of bone, a vertebral column (backbone) that surrounds and protects the spinal cord, and a head with a brain contained in a body skull. – Includes mammals, fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. Review of the Six Kingdoms Six Kingdoms Brain Pop