Download The reformation in England

THE REFORMATION IN
ENGLAND
The King of England, Henry VIII
 During the initial
stages of his reign,
Henry VIII was a
staunch advocate for
the papacy
 He wrote Defence of
the Seven Sacraments
in opposition to
Luther’s claims
 First married to
Catherine of Aragon,
Aunt to Holy Roman
Emperor Charles V.
Where things got difficult...
 After 18 years of
marriage to
Catherine, the
couple was unable
to produce a male
heir. Their only
child was Mary.
 Henry’s affections
had also moved
elsewhere.
Why Henry can’t get a divorce:
 The marriage was a political tie with
the Spanish
 She was his brothers widow
 Pope Clement VII will not allow the
annulment of the marriage (on the
grounds of her being his brothers
wife)
The Creation of the Church of
England
 Angry at the delays, Henry VIII went to
Parliament and passed laws weakening
the power of the Catholic Church
 Act of Supremacy of 1534 made the King
the “Protector and Only Supreme Head
of the church and clergy in England”
 The Church of England was formed,
maintaining many of the trappings and
institutions of the Church in Rome
 Henry could now marry his mistress
Anne Boleyn
Sir Thomas More
 The new oath meant that all people in
England had to swear an oath to the
King as leader of the Church of
England.
 Thomas More (author of Utopia)
refused to swear allegiance and would
not recognize Henry’s marriage to
Anne.
 He was executed for treason
The legacy...
 Henry VIII would bear three children
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over the course of his six marriages.
Mary (Catherine of Aragon)
Elizabeth (Anne Boleyn)
Edward (Jane Seymour)
All of his children would at one time
inherit the crown.
King Edward IV
Reign: 1547-1553
Became King at age 9
Ruled through regents
Reign marked by the full
establishment of
Protestantism in
England
 The Archbishop of
Canterbury introduced
the Book of Common
Prayer during Edward’s
reign
 A sickly child, Edward
died at 15




Queen Mary I
 Reign: 1553-1558
 A strict Catholic, Mary
overturned most reforms
made during Edward’s
reign and returned
England to Catholicism
 Mary had hundreds of
Protestant dissenters
burned at the stake –
giving her the nickname
Bloody Mary
 Mary was married to
Phillip II of Spain and
was unable to produce
an heir to the throne
Queen Elizabeth I
 Reign: 1558-1603
 Returned England to
Protestantism through the
Act of Supremacy of 1559
and the Act of Uniformity of
1559
 Elizabeth was Supreme
Governor of the Church of
England
 The Religious Settlement
held throughout her reign
and Elizabeth, having
never produced an heir,
selected the Protestant
King of Scotland as heir to
her throne