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Study Sheet for Chapter 8
Test
ANSWERS
1. EQUATION
• For photosynthesis
light
•6 H2O + 6 CO2 ----->
•C6H12O6+ 6 O2
2. Going in and out
• What goes into • H20 and CO2
the stoma?
both
LIR
• What goes out
of the stoma?
• Water and O2
Both
LDR
Definitions:
• Incorporation of
Carbon carbon from CO2
fixation (unusable) to make
organic compounds
(usable) like glucose
Absorption of Chlorophyll Graph
• What color
wavelength is
absorbed by
chlorophyll a at its
highest peak?
• Blue-violet and red
• What color is
absorbed by
carotene pigment?
• Orange
Absorption of Chlorophyll Graph
• What color
wavelength is
reflected by
chlorophyll a at its
highest peak?
Green and yellow
HINT: WOULD THE
REFLECTION BE
HIGH OR LOW ON
AN ABSORPTION
GRAPH?
3. Main function of chlorophyll
•
•
•
•
Turn the leaf yellow
Capture sunlight energy
Make sugar from carbon dioxide
Make rubisco
• ANSWER: capture sunlight energy
Definitions:
• rubisco • Enzyme that
combines CO2
with RuBP to
start the Calvin
cycle
DIAGRAMS
• Leaf Cross Section
• Check your study
guide bottom pg. 1
Answers
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
A=cuticle
B=Upper epidermis
C=Vein
D=Phloem
E=xylem
F=Palisade layer
G=spongy layer
H=guard cell
I=stomata
DIAGRAM
680
F
700
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A. PS II
B. ETC
C. PS I
D. thylakoid interior
E. ATP synthase
F. stroma
Do You Know?????
• What is under the XXXX’s?
• ANSWER: Stromal lamella
XXXX
4. Chlorophyll a
• Reflects what pigments the most?
• ANSWER: Green and yellow
• Absorbs what pigments the most?
• ANSWER: Blue-violet and red
5. Where does the oxygen come
from?
•
•
•
•
Splitting of oxygen
Splitting of water
Pure oxygen taken into a leaf
Glucose breaking apart
• ANSWER: splitting of water
REDOX QUESTION:
CO2
C6H12O6
• Oxidized?
• Reduced?
• ANSWER: Reduced
• (gains H+)
GER
• (gains e-)
REDOX QUESTION:
H2O
O2
• Oxidized?
• Reduced?
• ANSWER: Oxidized
• (lose H+)
LEO
• (lose e-)
6. Sugar (glucose) is assembled
where?
•
•
•
•
A. thylakoid interior
B. thylakoid membrane
C. stroma
D. outer membrane
• ANSWER: stroma
• (in LIR)
Where do they take place?
• LDR
• Thylakoid disk
• LIR
•stroma
Where does each take place?
•
•
•
•
•
•
LIR
LDR
Calvin cycle
ETC
Chemiosmosis
Splitting of water
•
•
•
•
Stroma
Thylakoid disks
Stroma
Thylakoid
membrane
• Thylakoid interior
through thylakoid
membrane to
stroma
• Thylakoid interior
Definitions:
• Photophosphorylation
• autotrophs
• Using light to make
ATP (ADP + P) by
chemiosmosis
• Organism that makes
its own food
(photosynthetic
plants)-plants also
known as
PRODUCERS
8. What 2 hi-energy molecules are
made in the LDR to run the LIR?
•
•
•
•
A. ATP and NADPH
B. ADP and NADP
C. ADP and NADPH
D. ATP and NADP
• ANSWER: A
9. What is another name for the
LIR?
•
•
•
•
ETC
LDR
Krebs cycle
Calvin cycle
• ANSWER: Calvin cycle (LIR)
CHLOROPLAST DIAGRAM
•
•
•
•
•
•
F
A. Outer membrane
B. inner membrane
C. granum
D. thylakoid disk
E. stroma
F. stromal lamella
10. What happens when a pigment
molecule absorbs a photon?
• Electrons leave the pigment molecules
• Electrons are added to the pigment
• Electrons in the pigment gain energy and
are raised to an excited state
• The electrons in the pigment lost energy
and fall to the ground state
• ANSWER: Electrons in the pigment gain
energy and are raised to an excited
state
11. WHAT ARE THE PRODUCTS?
• Of LDR?
• Of LIR?
• ATP and
NADPH and
oxygen
• Glucose and
ADP and
NADP+
12. How many turns?
• Of the Calvin cycle to produce one
molecule of glucose?
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 6
• ANSWER: 6
What makes glucose?
•
•
•
•
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2 molecules of G3P
3 molecules of RuBP
4 molecules of CO2
An ATP and a G3P
2 NADPH and 4 ATP
• ANSWER: 2 molecules of G3P
Photophosphorylation
•
•
•
•
Makes ATP in the ETC
Makes ATP by chemiosmosis
Makes NADPH in the ETC
Makes NADPH by chemiosmosis
• ANSWER: makes ATP
by chemiosmosis
DIAGRAMS
•
•
•
•
PHOTOSYSTEM
A. photon of light
B. reaction center
C. pigment molecules
of antenna
13. In the LDR where would the H+
ions collect?
•
•
•
•
A. on the thylakoid membrane
B. on the outer membrane
C. in the thylakoid interior (lumen)
D. in the stroma
• ANSWER: C
PICTURE IT: Where do the H+
collect after they are split from
water?
G
Where do the H+ collect after they
are split from water?
D–
thylakoid
interior
H+
H+
H+ H+
G
Where would be ATP synthase be
located?
•
•
•
•
A. on the thylakoid membrane
B. on the outer membrane
C. in the thylakoid interior (lumen)
D. in the stroma
• ANSWER: A
PICTURE IT: Where is the ATP
synthase located?
G
Where is the ATP synthase
located?
E
G
Where are these formed?
• NADPH
• ATP
• LDR By high energy
electrons passing
through the ETC
• By H+ ions passing
through the ATP
synthase via
chemiosmosis
PICTURE IT: Where would NADPH
and ATP collect?
G
Where would NADPH and ATP be
found?
G
(stroma)
G
JUMPING IN: One of these things,
does not belong with the others:
•
•
•
•
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Antenna molecule
Reaction center
Primary electron acceptor
Pigment molecule
Stroma
• ANSWER: stroma
14. Plants
•
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Are known as: (how many are true?)
consumers
Autotrophs
Producers
Herbivores
Heterotrophs
ANSWER: autotrophs and producers
Animals are heterotrophs
JUMPING IN: What is the enzyme?
That is the most abundant in
the world?
• Amylase
• Rubisco
• ATP synthase
• Peptidase
• ANSWER: rubisco
15. What is…?
• Carbon Fixation?
• ANSWER: changing of
unusable atmospheric CO2
into usable organic
compounds (like glucose)
16. What are the colors?
• Carotenoids
• Orange
• Xanthophylls
• Yellow
• Chlorophyll a
• Green
• Chlorophyll b
• Yellow green
17. Scientist Contributions
• Van Helmont
• Water contributed to
plant growth
• Priestley
• Plants gave off
oxygen
• Ingenhousz
• Light is necessary
for photosynthesis
18. Which are the high-energy
(filled) forms?
• ATP or ADP
• NADPH or NADP
• ATP (three
phosphates)-high
• ADP (two
phosphates)-low
• NADPH (has filled
electron carrier)
• NADP (empty
electron carrier)
ESSAY #1
• How to increase the rate of photosynthesis
and why?
• A. closer to sunlight so more photons of
light can excite the chlorophyll and e• B. add more water to be split for e-, H+,
released oxygen
• C. more carbon dioxide to donate carbon
molecules to make glucose in LIR
ESSAY #2
• Design an experiment to test the rate of
photosynthesis. Label a sketch of the setup and the procedure.
• HINT: Elodea lab
• EX: plant, water, CO2,light
• Count oxygen bubbles in
different distances from
the light
ESSAY #3
FYI Why do leaves change color?
• As fall comes there
are shorter days
of sunlight
• Less
photosynthesis
means less food for
plants.
• Chlorophyll breaks
down and exposes
the other colors
that were there all
along, but were
masked by the
green chlorophyll.
ESSAY #4
• Acts as an energy shuttle
• Lose a phosphate = adenosine
diphosphate
ADP
• Gain a phosphate = become
adenosine triphosphate
ATP
CHARGED
HIGH
UNCHARGED
LOW
Add more (-) ions
to be charged
•GAME OVER