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Fiji
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Country Facts
Area: 18,333 sq km (11,385 sq miles)
Population: 837,271 (Fiji National Census of
Population 2007)
Capital city: Suva
Main ethnic groups: Fijian, Indian, European, other
Pacific Islanders and Chinese
Languages: English (official), numerous Fijian
dialects, Hindi
Main religions: Christian, Hindu and Muslim
Currency: Fiji dollar (FJD)
Geography


Fiji , in the southwest
Pacific Centre, the
South Pacific region's
transportation hub.
Across the Eastern and
the Western
Hemisphere(半球),
which runs through the
180 degree longitude
（经度）, which is the
world's most East and
also is the most west
country

Fiji comprises
approximately 330 islands,
of which about one-third are
inhabited. The country’s
Exclusive Economic Zone
(EEZ) covers about 1.3
million square kilometres of
the South Pacific Ocean.
The two main islands,
accounting for 87% of the
total landmass, are Viti Levu
and Vanua Levu. Other
sizeable islands are Taveuni,
Kadavu, Ovalau, Gau and
Koro. 87.9% of the land is
owned by indigenous Fijians.
(3.9% is owned by the State.

7.9% is freehold and 0.3% is
Rotuman land). Only 16%
of the landmass is suitable
for agriculture.
This is found mainly along
the coastal plains, river
deltas, and valleys. Fiji’s
only cities are Suva (the
capital) and Lautoka. Both
are located on the island of
Viti Levu. The town of
Labasa is the main urban
and administrative centre on
Vanua Levu. Of the total
population of 827,900
(unofficial 2007 Census),
57.3% are Indigenous
Fijians, 37.6% are Indian
Fijian ('Indo-Fijian') and
5.1% are of other race
Climate
Fiji enjoys a tropical South Sea maritime climate
without great extremes of heat or cold. The island lies
in an area that is occasionally traversed by tropical
cyclones, which occur between the months of
November to April. The temperature averages 28
degrees Celsius for the cooler months (May to
October) while from November to April temperatures
are 2-4 degrees higher with heavy downpours. Fiji's
flora and fauna are relatively few in number but are
of exceptional scientific interest because of the higher
proportion of endemic forms.
History

According to Fijian legend, the great chief
Lutunasobasoba led his people across the seas to the
new land of Fiji. Respected authorities have
discredited the long-held academic theory that
indigenous Fijians are descended from South
American peoples. Rather, it is now accepted that
Fijians are the descendants of different groups of
early voyagers.

Initially, the area was
peopled by groups from
South East Asia, travelling
to Papua and the Solomon
Islands, via Indonesia. This
group mingled with later
arrivals from the
Australasian continent,
creating the Melanesian
peoples. A later group, the
Lapita, succeeded in
travelling east of the
Solomon Islands and
established the Polynesian
culture. In time, the
Melanesians also travelled
east and came to dominate
much of the western South
Pacific, including the Fiji
islands. Today's indigenous
Fijians are the descendants
of these early travellers
Economy

Basic economic facts
GDP per head of population: FJD4,300
Major industries: Tourism, sugar, mineral water,
gold, fish, garments, timber
Major trading partners: Australia, New Zealand,
USA, United Kingdom, Singapore, China
Exchange rate: £1 = F$ 2.92 (May 2011)

Through 2011, Fiji faces
several economic challenges.
In the last four years, the
economy has either
contracted or seen marginal
growth. In 2010, the
economy is estimated to
have grown by only 0.1%
with the agriculture sector
performing particularly
poorly, having contracted by
an estimated 11.3%. Fiji’s
economy is increasingly
dependent on tourism,
which performed reasonably
well in 2010.

The government
projects that tourist
arrivals will expand by
just over 4 percent in
2011, accompanied by a
parallel growth in total
earnings. The
government forecasts a
modest economic
expansion over the next
two years, with
projected GDP growth
averaging around 1
percent for 2011 and
2012.

With food and fuel
typically accounting for
nearly half of
merchandise imports,
Fiji’s current account
deficit is vulnerable to
the threat of rising food
and fuel prices in 2011.
Annual average
inflation for 2010 was
5.5%. Indicators of
investment activity
remain weak.

Uncertainty in respect
of the political situation
in Fiji is likely to
continue to constrain
investment in the near
term. The government is
budgeting for a deficit
equivalent to 3.5% of
GDP for 2011.

Aid and development
Fiji receives development assistance from the
European Union, Australia and New Zealand,
though some of this aid has been curtailed or
suspended following the 2006 military coup
and the April 2009 abrogation of the
Constitution. China is also a major contributor
of development assistance and provider of soft
loans
Health

Fiji's health system
compares relatively well
with other Pacific Island
nations. Primary health care
involves the provision of
primary medical treatment,
preventative medicine and
health education. About
95% of the primary medical
care is provided by doctors
in government hospitals,
health centres and nursing
stations throughout the
country.

They are complemented by
general practitioners in
private practice in most
urban centres.
The hospitals, health centres
and nursing stations provide
outpatient medical treatment,
antenatal and postnatal care,
family planning and
development and screening
of children. Divisional
hospitals provide screening
for cancer of the breast and
cervix, immunisation,

clinical laboratory facilities,
health education and dental
care. Psychiatric care is
provided in a separate
institution. All school
children are medically
examined at regular
intervals by school health
teams.
The government continues
to push for improved
curative services. The focus
has been on the quality of
treatment provided, staffing,
upgrading of existing
facilities and the provision
of equipment and

technologies to meet current
demands.
There are a total of around
307 doctors in the public
service providing inpatient
and ambulatory care. The
private hospital system is
also emerging an alternative
means of medical care
provision. Government
continues to acknowledge
and encourage the private
sector which supplements
the efforts of the Ministry of
Health