Download Can - La Quinta High School

Matter
Period 4
Group 9
The world that we live in is made of matter.
The Nature of Matter
• Matter
– Has mass and occupies space
– Made up of atoms
This necklace is made of matter.
So is the silver bar on the left.
The Nature of Atoms continued…
• Atoms
– Fundamental unit of elements
– Are microscopic
– Seen with high powered
microscopes
Example
• Why is light not considered matter?
Light is not considered matter
because it doesn’t have mass or
takes up space.
You can stand in front of light but
it doesn’t take up space. You can
walk through it. It doesn’t have
weight either.
Elements and Compounds
• Element
– Cannot be broken down further
– Only one type of atom
– Pure substance
– Tend to be bonded, not alone.
Elements and Compounds continued..
• Compounds
–Bonded in a specific way.
–Can be found in nature.
–Same composition, different elements
–Pure Substance
Elements and Compounds Continue..
• Molecule
– Collection of atoms
that acts like a unit.
– Can be a
compound.
H2 is a molecule because it
only has one type of atom.
However, H2O is a compound
and a molecule.
Example
• Compare and contrast a compound and molecule.
Compound
Molecule
Different atoms.
Easier to break apart.
Same OR different atoms.
Acts as unit, harder to
break apart.
Both are found in nature.
States of Matter
• Matter
– Solid, liquid, or gas.
Example
• What are the differences between the states
of matter on a molecular scale?
Spaced out.
Freely moves
around.
Enough space to
slide around past
each other.
Compacted
together.
Doesn’t
move.
Physical and Chemical Properties
• Physical properties
– Can be observed without altering substance
– Includes odor, color, volume, state of matter, etc
• Chemical properties
– Substance’s ability to form new substance.
– Only observed by chemically testing.
Example
• Why can you not tell the chemical properties of a
substance through its physical properties?
You can only know the chemical properties of a substance based on
how it reacts with other substances. You can’t look at a substance
and know the chemical properties. You won’t know its ability to
change into another substance.
Physical and Chemical Changes
• Physical change
– Doesn’t change
composition.
– State of matter change.
Physical and Chemical Changes Continued..
• Chemical Changes
– Change substance’s composition
– New substance is formed.
– Bubbles of gas, color change, temperate change,
light made, change of volume, electricity,
melting/boiling point changed, change in
chemical/physical properties.
Example
• What is the difference between a chemical
and physical change?
Chemical Change
Physical change
1) Changes substance.
1) Doesn’t change
substance.
2) Original matter can’t be
recovered.
2) Original matter can be
recovered.
3) Particles of the
substance are broken
apart and put back
together in new way
making new substance.
3) Particles are rearranged.
Quiz
1) Why can’t atoms be broken down further?
2) Would you expect to find an element to be found
alone? Why or why not?
3) How are the different states of matter different in
terms of physical properties? (shape & volume)
4) Is an element’s ability to bond and create
compounds a physical or chemical property? Why?
5) If a substance’s composition is rearranged, is it a
chemical change or physical change? Why?
Ex. 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O
Answers!
1) Atoms can’t be broken down further because they are
the most basic and smaller unit for elements or matter.
2) You typically don’t find an element to be alone because
they tend to bond and make compounds.
3) A solid holds its shape and has a fixed volume. A liquid
takes the shape of its container and has a fixed volume.
A gas takes the shape and volume of its container. It has
no specific volume most of the time.
4) It is a chemical property because creating bonds and
compounds shows a substance’s ability to change into
another substance.
5) It is a chemical change because a bond is being created
and a new substance is formed.
References
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http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/HIGHLIGHT/2002/fig0206_1.jpg (1)
http://wishiwerethere.typepad.com/pgwp/images/dark_matter.jpg (1)
http://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2007/05_01/DarkMatterPA_468x468.jpg (1)
http://www.whatsnextnetwork.com/technology/media/darkmatter.jpg (1)
http://i.treehugger.com/images/2007/10/24/air-quality-clouds.jpg (2)
http://www.theodora.com/wfb/photos/russia/st_isaacs_cathedral_st_petersburg_
russia_photo_gov.jpg (2)
http://legalplanet.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/ocean-turtle.jpg (2)
http://www.tiffanywell.com/images/TiffanyNecklace-025.jpg (3)
http://www.weixinamerica.com/images/silverbar.jpg (3)
http://misterandmissus.com/arik_levy_gold_bar_doorstop.jpg (4)
http://www.nature.com/nnano/journal/v2/n5/images/nnano.2007.119-f1.jpg (4)
http://www.corbisimages.com/images/42-15242518.jpg?size=67&uid=EA9450A56B61-42B9-B03F-8A448B28DEE2 (5)
http://www.slipperybrick.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/rubiks-cube-lightlamp-1.jpg (5)
http://www.3dchem.com/imagesofmolecules/water.jpg (8)
http://image.tutorvista.com/content/atoms-molecules/rmm-of-hydrogen.jpeg (8)
References Continued
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http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/Images/state.gif (10)
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/media/lessons/Indianajennette2112003807/ThreeStat
esofMatter.jpg (11)
• http://www.coletechnologies.us/files/states_of_matter.JPG (12)
• http://www.galbraith.com/images/pic-industry-specific.jpg (14)
• http://www.learner.org/courses/essential/physicalsci/images/s4.ice_melt2.jpg(15)
• http://www.sciencewithmrmilstid.com/wp-content/uploads/statechangeenergy.gif
(15)
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