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Jeopardy Medical Pathogens& Science& Nutritional Biotechnology Technology Disease Public Health Science $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Final Jeopardy 1 - $100 Name the four vital signs. Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Body Temperature, Respiratory Rate 1 - $200 Briefly describe what it means to be “Anemic”. A low count in RBCs usually caused by low iron. Symptoms can include fatigue and low cardiac output. Treated with change in diet, or if severe blood transfusions. 1 - $300 What are the four sub-categories of medical technology? Medical devices, medical research, training devices and information technology. 1 - $400 Explain the difference between arteries, veins and capillaries. Arteries-Carry blood away from the heart. Veins-Carry blood back to the heart. Capillaries-Junction of arteries and veins where gas exchange occurs. 1 - $500 Distinguish between ultrasounds and X-Rays. Ultrasounds-no radiation, used for soft tissues, examines fetal development, liver and kidneys. X-Rays-high energy radiation which may damage cells, used on lungs, heart and skeleton. 2 - $100 Define a pathogen. An infectious agent (germ) that causes disease or illness in a host. 2 - $200 Distinguish between vaccines and antibiotics. Vaccines-preventative measure against viruses. Antibiotics-reactionary measure against bacterial infection. 2 - $300 Define the three lines of defense the body uses to protect against pathogens. 1) Skin & Mucous – The skin has waterproofing and hairs in the nose block germs from entering. 2) Non-Specific Immune Response – fever, inflammation 3) Specific Immune Response – B-cells, T-cells, and antibodies. 2 - $400 Describe what Canada does to help prevent pathogens from spreading? The Public Health Agency of Canada prevents & controls, prepares & responds, do surveillance and also emergency response plans. The flu watch monitors the spread of flu and flu like symptoms. 2 - $500 Explain the difference between Epidemic, Endemic and Pandemic, giving examples. Endemic-Common disease that occurs at a low, constant rate in a specific population. (Ex. Malaria in Liberia) Epidemic- Occurs more frequently than expected in a given area over a given time period. (Ex. The flu in Kingston during winter) Pandemic-An epidemic of an infectious disease that has spread over a larger area. (Ex. HIV/AIDS) 3 - $100 What are the two characteristics of public health? 1) Deals with preventative rather than reactionary measures. 2) Deals with population level health issues, not individual level health issues. 3 - $200 What diseases does a mosquito net help prevent? Malaria, Dengue Fever, Yellow Fever, West Nile and certain forms of encephalitis.. 3 - $300 What are the 3 Public Health Agencies we fall under, based on where we live? 1)KFL&A (Kingston Frontenac Lenox & Addington) 2)Ontario Ministry of Health & Long-term Care 3)Health Canada 3 - $400 What is a safe injection site and what do they help prevent? Name the one found in Canada. Safe injection site: a legally sanctioned facility & designed to reduce the health risk with taking illegal drugs. They help prevent a public hazard and diseases such as HIV/AIDS. Insite is located in Vancouver, Canada. 3 - $500 Distinguish the difference in cost & durability of the insecticide mosquito net and the long-lasting insecticide treated nets. Insecticide Net: offer up 70% greater protection than no net, most need insecticide to be reapplied after 6 washes & cost $3.00 U.S) Long Lasting Insecticide Net: give off insecticide for up to 5 years and cost $5.50 U.S) 4 - $100 Name the three general types of digestive disorder. 1) Structural 2) Malabsorptive 3) Inflammatory 4 - $200 What is the difference between chemical and physical digestion? Physical digestion: The folds in the stomach (rugae) and the muscular pouch churn the bolus & mix it with the gastric juice. Chemical digestion: the enzymes help break down proteins and lipids. 4 - $300 What is an enzyme and what environmental factors cause it to denature? An enzyme is a special protein that is used to speed up chemical reactions without using up all of its energy. pH levels and change in temperature cause an enzyme to denature. 4 - $400 What is the difference between a vitamin and a mineral? Give an example of each. Vitamin: an organic compound required for use of a nutrient. (Ex. Vitamin D) Mineral: an ion of an element that the human body requires in small amounts. (Ex. Iron) 4 - $500 Classify the 4 macromolecules and provide a function for each. 1) Carbs: primary source for energy & structure support for cells. 2) Proteins: provide structure & act as enzymes. 3) Lipids: store energy & insulate our body. 4) Nucleic Acids: carry codes for cell function. 5 - $100 Define bioprocessing. The mass production of human proteins, vaccines, etc. by genetically modifying bacteria or viruses. 5 - $200 Provide an example of a genetically modified food and its benefit. Golden rice: nutrients are added (Carotene) for nutritional benefits that provides those affected by poverty and world hunger. 5 - $300 List and define the different branches of biotechnology. 1) 2) 3) 4) Red biotechnology: medical Blue biotechnology: marine & aquatic Green biotechnology: agricultural White biotechnology: industrial 5 - $400 State and explain the three levels of genetic engineering. 1) Close Transfer: taking a gene from one plant species & inserting it into another plant (same Kingdom) 2) Distant Transfer: taking a gene from one species & inserting it into another species (different Kingdom) 3) Tweaking: the genes are present in the organism. It is tweaked to create a beneficial protein. 5 - $500 Define the practiced types of cloning and explain the controversy surrounding the idea of cloning. Therapeutic cloning: the use of (stem) cells for medical or research purposes. Reproductive cloning: use of (stem) cells to create cloned humans to be a “walking donor”. Controversy: Sacrificing potential life to benefit their well-being. Final Jeopardy Name the 5 units we learned. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Medical Technology Pathogens & Disease Science & Public Health Nutritional Science Biotechnology