Download Note Cards 1

Note Card #1
Front
Back
1607
Jamestown,
first English
colony
Note Card #2
Front
Back
New England
Colonies
Connecticut,
Massachusetts,
Rhode Island,
New Hampshire
Note Card #3
Front
Back
Fish, relied on
trade rather
than
farming
New England:
because
of
Economy
cool
temperatures,
short farming
season
Note Card #4
Front
Back
New England:
Politics
Mayflower Compact
(doc) – 1620
Pilgrims, selfgoverning, and
majority rule
Fundamental
Orders of
Connecticut1st written
Constitution in the
colonies
Note Card #5
Front
Back
New England:
Social
People seeking
religious
freedom, Pilgrims
– Separate from
Church of
England, Puritans
– Purify Church
of England
Note Card #6
Front
Back
Middle
Colonies
New York
Pennsylvania
Delaware
New Jersey
Note Card #7
Front
Back
Middle Colonies:
Economic
Trade, and
mainly wheat
farming
Note Card #8
Front
Back
Middle Colonies:
Political
Elected
Assemblies /
Legislatures
Note Card #9
Front
Back
Middle Colonies:
Social
Very diverse
groups of
people
Religious
freedom,
Quakers
(pacifists, nowar)
Note Card #10
Front
Back
Southern
Colonies
Georgia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Virginia
Maryland
Note Card #11
Front
Back
Southern
Colonies
Jamestown, VA –
swampy location,
caused many
colonists to die
because of
disease,
1st English colony
Note Card #12
Front
Back
Southern Colonies:
Economic
Plantation
system, growth
of slave trade,
spread slavery,
profit on
tobacco
Note Card #13
Front
Back
Virginia House of
Burgesses – 1st
Southern Colonies:
representative
Political
government/
legislature in
the colonies
Note Card #14
Front
Back
Southern Colonies:
Social
Wealthy
Plantation
owners, large
slave
populationPrimary goal –
money making
Note Card #15
Front
Back
Colonial
Borders
Atlantic Ocean
borders colonies to
the east
Appalachian
Mountains border
colonies to the west
Note Card #16
Front
Back
Mercantilism
• Colonies provide
Great Britain with
raw materials, Great
Britain would
manufacture the
products to ship
back to the colonies
for sale
• Colonies could only
trade with the
British
Note Card # 17
Front
Back
Magna Carta
(1215)
Trial by jury
Limited the
power of the
king
Note Card # 18
Front
Back
English Bill of
Rights
Individuals
have rights
protected by
the
government
(Rule of Law)
Note Card #19
Front
Back
French and
Indian War
(1763)
British & Colonists
versus French &
Indians, British won
the war – gained all
land East of Miss.
River and started
controlling the
colonies
Note Card #20
Front
Back
Economic
Policies
following
French & Indian
War
Cost British money &
government went
into debt.
The British wanted the
Americans to pay
for the war through
taxes.
Note Card #21
Front
Back
Proclamation of
1763
Colonists could not
move west of the
Appalachian
Mountains
(Territory Reserved
for Native
Americans)
Note Card #22
Front
Back
Sugar Act of
1764
Taxes on food
containing sugar
Note Card #23
Front
Back
Boston
Massacre of
1770
5 colonists shot to
death after making
fun of British
soldiers
Note Card #24
Front
Back
Samuel Adams
Founder of the Sons
of Liberty, organized
the Boston Tea
Party
Note Card #25
Front
Back
Benjamin
Franklin
Developed Join or Die
political cartoon to
unite the colonies
under the Albany
Plan, negotiated
with French during
American
Revolution
Note Card #26
Front
Back
Albany Plan of
Union
Each colony would
send a
representative to a
Grand Council; First
attempt to unite the
colonies under one
government
Note Card #27
Front
Back
King George III
King of England
before, during, and
after American
Revolution,
oppressed the
colonies
Note Card #28
Front
Back
Thomas
Jefferson
Wrote Declaration of
Independence in
1776
Note Card #29
Front
Back
Patrick Henry
“Give me liberty or
give me death”
influential speech to
rally American
colonists to the
cause of
independence from
Britain
Note Card #30
Front
Back
Thomas Paine
Wrote the pamphlet
Common Sense (doc),
ordinary people
understood writing,
promoted
independence
movement from Great
Britain, attacked King
George III, freedom of
the press united
colonists
Note Card #31
Front
Back
George
Washington
Commander-in-Chief for
the Continental Army
during American
Revolution, President of
2nd Continental
Congress, 1st President
of the United States
Note Card #32
Front
Back
Articles of the
Confederation
Created to center
governmental power
in the STATES
rather than the
FEDERAL
government
Note Card #33
Front
Back
Northwest
Ordinance 1787
Established principles
and procedures for
orderly expansion of
the U.S., creation of
new states, new states
equally treated
compared to original
states (representation),
strength of the Articles
of the Confederation
Note Card #34
Front
Back
Lexington and
Concord (1775)
First battles of the
American
Revolution, “shot
heard around the
world”
Note Card #35
Front
Back
* French enter the
Battle of
Saratoga
American Revolution on
the side of the colonists
* Benjamin Franklin
convinces French to
become America’s ally
*Turning Point!
Note Card #36
Front
Back
Battle of
Yorktown
Last major battle with
British in American
Revolution,
Americans won with
aid of French
army/navy
Note Card #37
Front
Back
Treaty of Paris
1783
* Ended the American
Revolution
* British recognized
U.S. independence
* U.S. western border
is now the
Mississippi River
Note Card #38
Front
Back
Philadelphia
Convention of 1787
Came together to
rewrite the Articles
of Confederation but
wrote the
Constitution
instead.
Note Card # 39
Front
Back
Virginia Plan
Large states
would receive
more
representatives
than small states
– based on pop.
Note Card # 40
Front
Back
New Jersey
Plan
Small states
would receive
same reps as
large states –
based on two
reps per state
Note Card # 41
Front
Back
Bicameral ( two
house)
legislature,
Great
combined
VA
Compromise
and NJ Plan,
Senate based
on 2 per state,
House of Rep.
based on pop.
Note Card #42
Front
Back
Federalist
They wanted the
Constitution to be
ratified (approved).
They wanted the
country and states
to share power.
Note Card #43
Front
Back
Anti-Federalists
Did not support
ratification of U.S.
Constitution, if
Bill of Rights not
included,
emphasized state
power rather than
federal power
Note Card #44
Front
Back
Federalist Papers
(doc.)
Supported
ratification of U.S.
Constitution,
authorsAlexander
Hamilton, James
Madison, John
Jay
Note Card #45
Front
Back
Alexander Hamilton
Believed in free
enterprise system –
market (consumers)
decide prices,
proposed national
bank to regulate
currency (money)
Note Card #46
Front
Back
1787
Second Continental
Congress writes
the U.S.
Constitution
Note Card #47
Front
Back
U.S. Constitution
Three Branches of
Government and
established the
basic laws for the
U.S.
Note Card #48
Front
Back
1st Branch:
Legislative
Congress,
Bicameral (2
houses- House of
Representatives
& Senate), makes
laws
Note Card #49
Front
Back
(Legislative)
Senate
Each state elects 2
Senators,
total = 100
Note Card #50
Front
Back
(Legislative)
House of
Representatives
Reps decided by
population of
state, large states
receive more reps
than small states,
Total = 435
Note Card #51
Front
Back
2nd Branch:
Judicial
(Judiciary)
Supreme Court,
Interprets laws
Note Card #52
Front
Back
3rd Branch:
Executive
President,
Vice President
Enforces laws
Note Card #53
Front
Back
3/5 Compromise
Slaves counted as
3/5 of a person
for representative
purpose –
compromise
between the
North and South
Note Card #54
Front
Back
Limited
Government
Government does
not have total
control over its
citizens; It only
has the power
that is listed in
the Constitution
Note Card #55
Front
Back
Republicanism
Election of
representatives
Note Card #56
Front
Back
Checks
and
Balances
Each branch of
government has the
power to check the
other branches; ex.
President (executive
branch) nominates
Supreme Court Justices
and the Senate
(legislative branch)
confirms nomination
Note Card #57
Front
Back
Federalism
(Shared Power)
Power of the
government is
shared between the
states and the
national
government.
Note Card #58
Front
Back
Separation
of
Powers
Each of the 3
branches of
government have
different
responsibilities
Note Card #59
Front
Back
Popular
Sovereignty
People hold final
authority over the
government
Note Card #60
Front
Back
Individual
Rights
Job of the
government to
protect rights of
citizens
Note Card #61
Front
Back
Unalienable
Rights
LIFE, LIBERTY, &
PURSUIT OF
HAPPINESS –
cannot be taken
away by the
government
Note Card #62
Front
Back
Amending (adding
to) the
Constitution
Proposed by
Congress with 2/3
vote in both Senate
& House of
Representatives or
ratified by
legislatures of ¾ of
the states
Note Card #63
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
1st 10 amendments
to the
Constitution;
formal list of
citizens’ rights
and freedoms
Note Card #64
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
1st Amendment
Freedom of
religion, press,
petition, and
speech and
assembly
Note Card #65
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
2nd Amendment
Right to bear arms
(right to own a gun)
Note Card #66
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
3rd Amendment
No quartering
(housing) of
troops
Note Card #67
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
4th Amendment
No illegal search
and seizure, must
obtain warrant
Note Card #68
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
5th Amendment
Due process of law –
indictment (officially
charged w/crime), no
double jeopardy
(cannot be charged for
the same crime twice)
cannot be forced to
testify when testimony
incriminates self (no
telling on yourself if it
gets you in trouble)
Note Card #69
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
6th Amendment
Trial by jury criminal
Note Card #70
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
7th Amendment
Trial by jury - civil (
involving money
rather than jail)
Note Card #71
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
8th Amendment
No cruel and
unusual
punishment; no
excessive bail
Note Card #72
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
9th Amendment
People have other
rights not listed
in the
Constitution
Note Card #73
Front
Back
Bill of Rights
10th Amendment
States have rights
not listed in the
Constitution
Note Card #74
Front
Back
Early Republic
Washington
through Monroe
Note Card #75
Front
Back
Federalists
vs.
DemocraticRepublicans
Federal
government
power
vs.
State government
power
Note Card #76
Front
Back
Washington’s
Farewell
Address
Foreign alliances
and political
parties are a
threat and should
be avoided
Note Card #77
Front
Back
Louisiana
Purchase (1803)
Doubled the size of
the U.S., access
to Mississippi
River (New
Orleans-port city),
increase in trade
&
communications
Note Card #78
Front
Back
Marbury
vs.
Madison
(1803)
Established judicial
review, Supreme
Court can decide
if law is
constitutional or
not, checks and
balances
Note Card #79
Front
Back
War of 1812
(Causes)
• Great Britain vs.
U.S.;
• British
impressments
(kidnapping) U.S.
sailors;
• British guns still in
Ohio River Valley
• Another war for
independence
Note Card #80
Front
Back
War of 1812
(Effects)
• War was a draw
until Battle of New
Orleans – Gen.
Andrew Jackson
defeated British –
• created a sense of
nationalism;
• British removed
guns from U.S. soil
and stopped
kidnapping sailors
Note Card #81
Front
Back
Monroe Doctrine
1823
• Pres. James Monroe
implemented policy,
* U.S. would not
allow new European
Colonization of the
Western hemisphere
• First time a
president’s foreign
policy involved
warning other
countries
Note Card #82
Front
Back
Industrialization
• Led to an increased
dependence on
slavery in the South
• & an increase of
production in the
North
• Caused
Sectionalism to
increase
Note Card #83
Front
Back
Inventions
Led to efficient
production
(faster/cheaper way to
produce products)
Note Card #84
Front
Back
Eli Whitney
* Invented cotton gin,
& interchangeable
parts; cotton
became main crop
of South
* Caused the demand
for slavery to rise
Note Card #85
Front
Back
Interchangeable
Parts
Increase in efficiency
for replacing
machine parts
Note Card #86
Front
Back
McCormick Reaper
Increase agricultural
(farming)
production
Note Card #87
Front
Back
Robert Fulton
Steamboat, used
w/canal and river
trade
Note Card #88
Front
Back
Samuel Morse
Increase in
communication with
the telegraph
Note Card #89
Front
Back
Lowell Mills
Mostly single women
worked in first
factories, lived and
worked on site of
factory, usually
textile mills
(clothing)
Note Card #90
Front
Back
Factories in mid1800’s
Employed mostly
immigrants (Irish)
rather than single
women