Download Prenatal Development

Prenatal Development
• Fertilization: Union of a sperm cell w/ an ovum.
~Fertilization takes place in the upper 1/3 of the fallopian tube.
• Zygote: Fertilized union, egg and sperm unite.
~Once zygote is formed, a protective membrane around it prevents more
sperm from entering ovum.
~Zygote begins its journey to uterus and begins cell division.
~Once cell division has begun, zygote is now a blastocyst.
• Blastocyst: a cluster of cells that has a hollow space in the center.
~7-8 days later the blastocyst has traveled to the uterus and implanted into
the wall of uterus.
~This is called Implantation.
~ After implantation, the blastocyst becomes an embryo.
Embryonic Development
• Embryo: Cluster of developing cells following implantation.
• Amniotic Sac: Bag of water, fluid filled sac around the embryo.
~Function- Is a shock absorber that protects the embryo.
• Placenta: Blood rich tissue developed from outer layer of cells from the embryo and
tissue of mother.
~Function- Transfer oxygen and nutrients from mother’s blood to embryo also serves as
lungs, liver, kidneys, and digestive system for fetus.
• Umbilical cord: A tube through which nutrients and oxygen pass from the mother’s
blood to embryo’s blood. This tube connects the embryo to the placenta.
DEVELOPMENT STAGES:
Ova> Zygote> Blastocyst> Embryo> Fetus> Baby
Vocabulary
• Fetal Alcohol Syndrome(FAS): 3 main featuresmental retardation, slow growth before and after
birth, and a wide range of physical defects ranging
from cleft palate to hip dislocation
• Apgar Test: test that determines an infants’ physical
condition at birth.
~Tests in 5 areas- coloring, pulse, reflex irritability,
activity, respiration.
• Miscarriage: Spontaneous abortion, in which a
female expels the embryo or fetus.
• Stillbirth: The birth of a dead baby.
 Shaken Baby Syndrome: form of child abuse that
occurs when an infant or small child is violently shaken.
 Two injuries: Cerebral Hemorrhage & Cerebral
Edema
 70% of perpetrators of Shaken baby syndrome are
males.
 Cerebral Edema: Massive brain swelling caused by
Shaken Baby Syndrome