Download foundations of america

FOUNDATIONS OF AMERICA
• Looking to escape the control of the
Church of England, British and
European immigrants came to the
shores of North America in search of
new lives and religious freedom.
• The number one reason people came
to the new world was religious freedom
• The Puritans and Quakers are
examples of religious dissenters that
founded colonies in North America
ECONOMIC GROWTH
• The colonies operated under an
economic system called
MERCANTILISM: making $ for
the mother country.
• It was an early modern European
economic philosophy that supported
the idea of creating colonies for getting
$ for their natural resources.
Mercantilism
• “making money for the mother country”
• On your exams it will say “an economic
philosophy that supported one country
from another's resources.”
• It is saying the same thing, England
made money off of selling the colonies
resources
REGIONAL DIVISIONS IN THE
COLONIES
Colonies divided into:
• Northern-Also called the
New England Colonies
• MA, NH, CT, R.I.
• Middle-Also called the
Bread Basket Colonies
• NY, NJ, DE, PA
• Southern Regions
• NC, GA, VA, MD
NEW ENGLAND (NORTHERN)
COLONIES CHARACTERISTICS
• Poor rocky soil
• Religious freedom
• Subsistence farming (a plot of
land produces only enough food
to feed the family working it)
Think “Self Farming”
• Accessible ports and Harbors
• First colonies to develop Cities.
• Why would these colonies develop cities
first?
New England Colonies - background
:
MIDDLE COLONIES
Characteristics of Middle
Colonies:
Dense forests
lumber
trading of excess food.
Subsistence Farming
Harsh Winters
Nickname: “Bread basket”
SOUTHERN COLONIES:
Characteristics of Southern
Colonies:
Rich fertile soil
Plantation System
evolution of Slavery
Cash Crops
Good Weather
Questions to think about and answer…
•
1.) Describe what you see?
•
2.) What is being represented in this picture? What emotion does the picture portray?
•
3.) What Geographical area is being represented? How do you know?
Big Idea
• If you had to choose one word that
would explain the reason why the
colonies developed differently what
would it be?
• *******GEOGRAPHY*******
JAMESTOWN, VIRGINIA
• Founded in 1607, the first successful
permanent English colony in America.
Founded by religious dissenters: people who
did not agree with the Church of England.
*What were the two
Groups of religious
dissenters called?
*After settlers arrived the Indian population
went from close to 10 million down to 1 million
due to diseases brought from European settlers
A Weroan or great Lorde of Virginia
“The Princes of Virginia are attired in suche a manner as is expressed in this figure. . . .”
Engraving by Theodore de Bry in Thomas Hariot, A Briefe and True Report of the New Found
Land of Virginia (1590).
• The Quakers settled in Pennsylvania
in 1682 under their leader, William
Penn. It was considered a safe place for the
religious group to live and practice their faith.
"It would be far better to be of no
church than to be bitter of any."
William Penn
Separatists: - those that wanted to break away
completely.
(Another Religious Group)
American Colony
•
Meet the Hutterites — a small religious colony in rural Montana who holds
desperately to their sacred traditions while fighting the modern temptations of
the outside world. King Colony is made up of 59 people, and they are almost
all related. This family lives together, works together, and worships God
together — 7 days a week, 365 days a year, for their entire lives. And, like
any family, this one doesn't always agree. – National Geographic
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BT0ZlopRVhk
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=royX9X_fGQk&playnext=1&list=PL8ACDA953B5E452F
2&feature=results_video A Healthy Supper
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9nvamq3IEg&playnext=1&list=PLD15100274D6B675
E&feature=results_video Growing up in the Colony
Wesley Gives a Tour
In the early years of
the colonies, the labor
supply came from
Indentured
Servants.
They agreed to work for a landowner for a period
of 4 to 7 years in return for passage to America,
food and housing.
By the late 1600’s the system of Slavery
increased to meet the demand for labor in the
American Colonies.
INDENTURED SERVITUDE
Running Away
Servants may not, under any circumstances, run away from their
masters.
Punished by whipping, and at the Governor's discretion, may have had
the term of indenture extended to compensate for lost time and any
damages incurred by masters.
Threats to Masters
Servants may not threaten their masters or steal from their masters, or
resist the authority of their masters.
Punished by whipping.
Abuse of Servants
Masters may not abuse, make hard usage or show cruelty in correcting
their servants.
Punished by levying a fine and public reprimand.
• The slave trade worked by the
Triangular Trade Route
between Europe, West Africa and North
American colonies.
• The route began at the tip of the triangle
in Europe, the second and longest part of
the triangle was known as the Middle
Passage.
Trade Route Map
What are they trading?
MIDDLE PASSAGE
• The Middle Passage refers to
the forced transportation of West
Africans to North America as part of
the Atlantic Slave Trade.
*Between 1450 and 1850 more than 12 million
Africans were exported from Africa on slave ships
(est.)
Quote from Olaudah Equiano about the
Middle Passage
• “I now saw myself deprived of all chance of
returning to my native country or even the
least glimpse of hope of gaining the shore,
which I now considered as friendly; and I
even wished for my former slavery in
preference to my present situation, which
was filled with horrors of every kind…There I
received such a salutation in my nostrils as I
had never experienced in my life: so that,
with the loathsomeness of the stench and
the crying together, I became so sick and
low that I was not able to eat, nor has I the
least desire to taste anything. I now wished
for the last friend, Death, to relieve me.”
“DREAD AND TREMBLING”
CHPT. 8
Olaudah Equiano offers a first- hand account of his arrival in the West Indies in 1756.
We were conducted immediately to the merchant's yard, where we
were all pent up together, like so many sheep in a fold, without
regard to sex or age. As every object was new to me, everything I
saw filled me with surprise.
What struck me first was that the houses were built with bricks and
stories, and in every respect different from those I had seen in Africa,
but I was still more astonished to see people on horseback. I did not
know what this could mean, and indeed I thought these people were
full of nothing but magical arts. While I was in this astonishment, one
of my fellow prisoners spoke to a countryman of his about the horses
who said they were the same kind they had in their country. I
understood them, though they were from a distant part of Africa and
I thought it odd I had not seen any horses there; but afterwards
when I came to converse with different Africans, I found they had
many horses amongst them, and much larger than those I then saw.
Source: The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa the African (London, 1789).
COLONIAL DIVISONS
• ROYAL COLONIES: Controlled by the Crown
(king/queen) NH, MA, NY, NJ, VA, NC, SC, GA
• PROPRIETARY COLONIES: Colony for which the king
gave land to one or a few people to oversee. MD,
PA, DE
• JOINT-STOCK COLONIES: Investors paid for shares
of the eventual profit. (Most colonies began as Joint
Stock)
• SELF GOVERNING (Charter Colony): Colony that
exercised political authority over itself. CT, RI
Practice Question
Which term BEST describes the
practice of creating and
maintaining wealth by carefully
controlling trade?
A. Economic Profit
B. Smuggling
C. Triangular Trade
D. Mercantilism
ASSIGNMENT
• Writing Prompt:
• Please write a paragraph about the
development of the colonies and the
significance of geography on the development.
Also include how mercantilism and religious
freedom impacted colonization. State the
significance of Indentured servitude and labor
to the colonies. Do you think the colonies
would have survived without them? Why?
• Please write legibly. There are several
detailed questions in the prompt, all must
be addressed. There is no limit to how
long it has to be, however it has to make
sense and answer all questions. No Bullet
point answers!!!!
Post Card Note Card
• Since people corresponded through letter during
this time period, pick a colonial region from the
lesson that you want to explain back to relatives in
Europe. What would you say to encourage
someone to visit and STAY in Colonial America?
• *you must Include an illustration and details about your region.
• Las Vegas Postcard – Looks so exciting and fun, makes one want to
visit!
Newspaper Article – November 1764
• Please look on the Wiki site to read the
article and answer the questions
completely.