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Machines
the BIG idea
Machines help people do work by changing the force applied to an object.
5.1
Machines help people do work.
5.2
Six simple machines have many uses.
5.3
Modern technology uses compound machines.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
CHAPTER RESOURCES
5.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Machines help people do work.
When you use a machine to do work, there is always an
exchange, or tradeoff, between the force you use and the
distance over which you apply that force. You can use
less force over a greater distance or a greater force over
a shorter distance to do the same amount of work.
VOCABULARY
machine
mechanical
advantage
efficiency
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
5.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Machines help people do work.
When you use a machine to do work, there is always an
exchange, or tradeoff, between the force you use and the
distance over which you apply that force. You can use
less force over a greater distance or a greater force over
a shorter distance to do the same amount of work.
VOCABULARY
machine
mechanical
advantage
efficiency
SIMULATION
Explore the mechanical
advantage of an
inclined plane.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
5.2
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Six simple machines have many uses.
Simple machines change the size and/or
direction of a force.
VOCABULARY
simple machine
lever
fulcrum
wheel and axle
Input
force
Output
force
pulley
inclined plane
wedge
screw
fulcrum
changes direction
changes size
changes both
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
5.3
CHAPTER HOME
KEY CONCEPT
Modern technology uses compound machines.
• Compound machines are combinations of
simple machines.
lever
VOCABULARY
compound machine
nanotechnology
robot
wheel and axle
wheel
and
axle
• Modern technology creates new uses for
machines.
– Microtechnology and nanotechnology
– Robots
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE
5.1
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Machines help people do work.
I. Machines help people do work.
A. Machines change the way force is applied.
VOCABULARY
machine
1. Changing the Size and Distance of a Force
mechanical
advantage
2. Changing the Direction of a Force
efficiency
3. Mechanical Advantage of a Machine
B. Work transfers energy.
1. Energy
2. Work
C. Output work is always less than input work.
1. Efficiency and Energy
2. Increasing Efficiency
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
5.2
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Six simple machines have many uses.
II. Six simple machines have many uses.
A. There are six simple machines.
VOCABULARY
simple machine
lever
1. Lever
fulcrum
2. Wheel and Axle
wheel and axle
3. Pulley
pulley
4. Inclined Plane
inclined plane
5. Wedge
6. Screw
B. The mechanical advantage of a machine can
be calculated.
wedge
screw
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
5.3
KEY CONCEPT
CHAPTER HOME
Modern technology uses compound machines.
III. Modern technology uses compound machines.
A. Compound machines are combinations of
simple machines.
1. Gears
VOCABULARY
compound machine
nanotechnology
robot
2. Mechanical Advantage of Compound
Machines
B. Modern technology creates new uses for
machines.
1. Microtechnology and Nanotechnology
2. Robots
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY
CHAPTER HOME
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