Download The Battle of Antietam Page 1- Battle name, date, links to web pages

The Battle of Antietam
Page 1- Battle name, date, links to web pages , photo (A painting of the Battle of Antietam)
Page 2- Objectives of each side Photo of Lincoln with Union soldiers
Confederacy:
Objective: To keep the offensive and secure Southern independence through victory in the north; to
influence the fall mid-term elections, to obtain needed supplies, to take the war out of Virginia; and to
liberate Maryland, a union state, but a slave holding state divided in sympathies.
Union:
Objective: To preserve the Union and to set the stage for freeing the slaves.
Page 3- Leaders- divided by Union and Confederate. Union links to a brief description of the major
Union generals (page 4). Confederate links to major Confederate generals (page 5). A photo of each
general will be included.
Confederacy:
Robert E. Lee was born January 19, 1807. He was a career US Army officer and a celebrated general.
Lee was a graduate of West Point and fought in the Mexican American War. He followed his home state
when Virginia seceded from the Union and refused Lincoln’s offer to command the US forces. After
strategies defeats, Lee surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865.
General James Longstreet was born January 8, 1821. He joined the Confederacy and was the principal
subordinate to General Robert E. Lee. He performed strongly at the Battle of Antietam. He died January
2, 1904.
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson was born on January 21, 1824. He was the most revered Confederate
commander after R. E. Lee. He excelled at the Battle of Antietam and was accidentally shot by his own
troops at the Battle of Chancellorsville. His arm was amputated and he died several days later on May
10, 1863. His death was a severe setback for the Confederacy.
General Ambrose Powell Hill was born on November 9, 1825. He saved Lee’s army at Sharpsburg, on
the afternoon of September 17. He became one of Stonewall Jacksons best assistants. He died in battle
on April 2, 1865 while under Robert E. Lee’s command.
Union:
General Edwin Sumner was born on January 30, 1797. He was involved in the fighting on the Sunken
Road. This battle lasted over 8 hours; the Confederates were pushed back but not totally taken. Over
15,000 soldiers were killed or wounded. Sumner has been condemned by most historians for his
reckless attack and his lack of coordination with other army commanders. When Major General Joseph
Hooker took command of the army, Sumner was relieved at his own request. He died March 21, 1863.
General George McClellan was born on December 3, 1826. He was a Union Commander in the
American Civil War. He graduated second in his class from West Point. He served as an engineer
winning two brevets in the Mexican War. He was an observer in the Crimean War. He was president of
Ohio and Mississippi railroad when the Civil War broke out. He was a great organizer and motivator of
men. He thought he could win the war by maneuver which proved wrong. An upset President Lincoln
replaced him with Burnside who was even less competent. He died on October 29, 1885.
General Ambrose Burnside was born on May 23, 1824. He was the Union army general who had
command of the “Right Wing” of the Army of the Potomac. Because of his slowness in attacking and
crossing of Burnside Bridge and his repeated assaults in the narrow bridge, General McClellan sent 3 or 4
troops to Burnside to move forward. The delay allowed Major General A P Hill’s Confederate division to
repulse the eventual Union breakthrough. McClellan refused Burnsides requests for reinforcements so
the battle ended in a tactical statement.
General Joseph Hooker was born on November 13, 1814. He fought with distinction at Antietam. He
marched south into the corps of Stonewall Jackson. They fought to a standstill. When Lincoln removed
General Burnside, Hooker4 was given his position.
General Joseph Mansfield was born December 22, 1803. He attended the Military Academy. Mansfield
led his troops in battle. He brought more troops up from the rear and saw men firing and thought they
were firing on their own men. Soldiers convinced him they were not. He was shot right there and died
the next day (September 18, 1862). He received a posthumous promotion to Major General for his
gallantry at Antietam.
Page 6- Statistics- number of union and confederate soldiers; number of causalities
Union: 87,000 soldiers
Confederacy: 45,000 soldiers
Casualties Photo of dead men
Union
Dead: 2,108
Wounded: 9,540
Captured/missing: 753
Confederacy
Dead: 1,546
Wounded: 7,752
Captured/missing: 1,018
Page 7- Events- A description of the events that happened during the battle with 2 photos. Photo 1 will
be a photo of Miller’s cornfield. Photo 2 will be a picture of Rohrback (Burnside) Bridge
The Battle of Antietam started about 5:30 am with Union Major General Hooker’s Corps I and
Confederate leader Jeb Stuart’s horse artillery batteries and Col. Stephen D. Lee on high ground. This
battle took place in Miller’s cornfield. The Union’s returned fire was from 9 batteries on a ridge behind
the North Woods and 4 batteries of 29 pounder Parrot rifles 2 miles east of Antietam Creek. There were
many casualties. As the day progressed, the Union soldiers launched attacks against the Sunken Road
which caused a division f the troops in the Confederate center. But, this advantage was not followed
through by the North. General McClellan was too slow in responding. Then the soldiers of Major
General Ambrose Burnside’s corps after much fighting captured Rohrback’s bridge over Antietam Creek.
This battle took at least three assaults. Confederate Major General A P Hill’s division arrived from
Harper’s Ferry and drove Burnside back over the bridge ending the battle. Lee was outnumbered 2 to 1
but because McClellan sent in only ¾ of his army, Lee was able to fight the Union army to a standstill.
McClellan was unable to eradicate Lee’s army. However, Lee’s invasion of Maryland was over. Lee and
his army retreated back to Virginia.
Page 8- Results- A brief description of who won the battle Photo: Dead soldiers by cannon
The battle was tactically inconclusive. But it gave President Lincoln the confidence to announce his
Emancipation Proclamation. McClellan did not destroy Lee’s army. But, Lee’s invasion of Maryland was
over and Lee withdrew back to Virginia with no interference from McClellan.
Page 9- Significance of the battle. Picture of Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation
It was the first major battle to take place on Northern soil. The battle was inconclusive. It is
remembered because it was the bloodiest single-day battle in the history of the United States. It also
opened the door for Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation.
Page 10 resources
A. P. Hill. (2007, November 5). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 10, 2007, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A._P._Hill&oldid=169467771
Artillery at Antietam. (2007, August 24). In Antietam National Battlefield. Retrieved October 15, 2007,
from http://www.nps.gov/anti/historyculture/arty.htm
Battle of Antietam. (2007, October 14). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved October 15, 2007,
from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Antietam&oldid=170857076
Edwin Vose Sumner. (2007, October 16). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 9,
2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Vose_Sumner&oldid=164848828
George B. McClellan. (2007, November 12). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November
13, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_B._McClellan&oldid=171049020
James Longstreet. (2007, November 7). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 9,
2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Longstreet&oldid=169753713
Joseph Hooker. (2007, November 9). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 10, 2007,
from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Hooker&oldid=170352862
Joseph K. Mansfield. (2007, October 8). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved, November 10,
2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseph_K._Mansfield&oldid=163074519
Robert E. Lee. (2007, November 9). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 10, 2007,
from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_E._Lee&oldid=170426809
Stonewall Jackson. (2007, November 12). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 12,
2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stonewall_Jackson&oldid=171053336
The Battle of Antietam. In Antietam National Battlefield. Retrieved October 15, 2007 from
http://www.nps.gov/anti/historyculture/upload/Battle%20history.pdf
The Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) (2006, October 26) In The Battle of Antietam Official Records and
battle Description. Retrieved October 15, 2007 from http://www.civilwarhome.com/antietam.htm