Download Lungs, Ventilation, Gas Exchange, Respiration

Lungs, Ventilation, Gas Exchange, Respiration
6.4.1
Distinguish between ventilation, gas
exchange and cell respiration.
Explain the need for a ventilation
6.4.2
system.
6.4.3
Describe the features of alveoli that
adapt them to gas exchange.
2
A ventilation system is needed to
3 maintain high concentration
gradients in the alveoli.
This should include a large total
surface area, a wall consisting of a
2 single layer of flattened cells, a
film of moisture and a dense
network of capillaries.
Draw and label a diagram of the
Students should draw the alveoli
ventilation system, including trachea,
6.4.4
1 in an inset diagram at a higher
lungs, bronchi, bronchioles and
magnification.
alveoli.
Explain the mechanism of ventilation
of the lungs in terms of volume and
Aim 7: Data logging involving
pressure changes caused by the
6.4.5
3 spirometers or ventilation rate
internal and external intercostal
monitors is possible here.
muscles, the diaphragm and
abdominal muscles.
Why is ventilation needed in Humans.
This photo of a mayfly larva shows
how oxygen gets into the cells of the
mayfly's body.
What gas diffuses into the gills from
the water?
What diffuses out of the gills into the
water?
How does the wafting of the gills affect the concentration gradient between the oxygen in
the water and the oxygen dissolved in the blood inside the gills?
Humans are able to live on land because they have "internal gas exchange surfaces"
.
What would happen to the concentration of CO2 in the alveoli if the air in the lungs never
moved?
How would the rate of diffusion of CO2 out of the blood change if the air in the lungs
didn't move?
Describe the change in the rate of diffusion of oxygen into the blood capillaries if you
hold your breath.
Why is it necessary to ventilate the lungs?
Draw and label a diagram of the ventilation system, including trachea, lungs,
bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. (do a larger ‘inset’ diagram of a single alveolus)