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Title: Definition 1. Sport sociology examines which of the following? a. behavior of specific individuals b. social patterns of individuals *c. organizations of groups d. structures of individuals Type: F Title: Benefits 2. A society’s dominant values, attitudes, and beliefs are passed from generation to generation through a process known as ____________________. a. socialization Type: F Title: Benefits 3. Sport serves as a ______________, bringing people together as sport cuts across social categories such as race and class. a. unifier Type: E Title: Dark Side 4. What four aspects of sport are characterized as troubling? a. sexism, racism, homophobia, and heterosexism Title: Dark Side 5. Since the passage of Title IX, the number of female coaches of women’s teams has decreased. *a. true b. false Type: F Title: Benefits 6. Sport has the potential to contribute to the positive development and stability of both ______________ and ___________ as a whole. a. individuals; society Type: E Title: Dark Side 7. Media coverage of female athletes differs from media coverage of male athletes in two ways. Name one of them. a. amount of coverage b. type of coverage Type: F Title: Dark Side 8. Steering minority groups into or away from certain power positions in sport is called _______________________. a. stacking Type: E Title: Social Transformation 9. In the early 1990s, what did Magic Johnson do that led to a transformation? a. acknowledged he was HIV positive Title: Dark Side 10. How do young children learn to think and behave in accordance with the multiplicity of social roles available to them? *a. role learning b. collective social learning c. hypothetical situations d. social deviance Title: Benefits 11. In bringing people together by giving them a sense of personal identity, group membership, and social identification, sport serves as a ____________. a. bright side of life b. collector of people *c. unifier of people d. leader of people Title: Dark Side 12. Before Title IX, most administrators and coaches of women’s intercollegiate sports teams were a. former athletes b. team members c. men *d. women Title: Dark Side 13. The irrational fear or intolerance of homosexuality, gay men, or lesbians is called a. hemophilia b. homogeneity *c. homophobia d. homomania Title: Dark Side 14. Steering minority players away from the quarterback position is a form of a. strutting *b. stacking c. stomping d. strapping Title: Transformation 15. In 2005, which famous professional female athlete came out publicly as a lesbian? a. Serena Williams *b. Sheryl Swoopes c. Michelle Wie d. Mia Hamm Type: E Title: Dark Side 16. Explain what research has shown in terms of the amount of coverage afforded to male and female athletes. a. Males receive significantly more coverage than their female counterparts. b. Females receive significantly less coverage than their male counterparts. Type: E Title: Definition 17. According to Coakley, what is sport sociology? a. the subdiscipline of sociology that studies sport as social phenomena Type: E Title: Dark Side 18. Explain role learning as a major component of the socialization process. a. Young children learn to think and behave in accordance with the various social roles available to them. Type: E Title: Benefits 19. Define socialization. a. the process by which people learn and develop through social interactions and come to know the environment around them. Type: E Title: Dark Side 20. Before Title IX 300,000 females participated in interscholastic sports nationwide. What has that number now reached? a. more than 3 million Type: F Title: Dark Side 21. ______________ refers to an arbitrary attributional pattern of athletic success in which Black athletes’ successes are attributed to “natural” athletic abilities and genetic advantages, and White athletes achieve excellence because of their discipline, intelligence, and hard work. a. Race logic Type: E Title: Dark Side 22. Why does it matter that fewer women hold leadership positions? a. Coaches can and do serve as mentors and role models; therefore, females who are coached by women will be more likely to be interested in entering the coaching profession. Type: E Title: Dark Side 23. Briefly explain the term stacking. a. It is a disproportionate allocation of athletes to central (e.g., “thinking positions”) and noncentral positions as a function of their race or ethnicity. Type: E Title: Dark Side 24. Explain what is meant by heterosexism. a. an ideology and a behavior that promote privilege for dominant groups (i.e., heterosexuals are the norm and therefore “better than” homosexuals). Type: E Title: Dark Side 25. What is the real “problem” of gays in sport? a. the presence of homophobia Type: F Title: Dark Side 26. A commonly held belief that African American athletes owe their success to their ________ abilities suggests that they have some genetic advantage over ________ when it comes to achievement in sports. a. natural; Whites Type: E Title: Dark Side 27. Define homophobia. a. an irrational fear, a contempt, or an antipathy toward homosexuals and homosexuality Type: E Title: Dark Side 28. What are gender roles? a. a set of perceived behavioral norms, associated particularly with males or females, in a given social group or system. Type: E Title: Dark Side 29. In what four areas have sport sociologists identified racial myths and prejudices about African Americans and other ethnic minorities in sport? a. assumptions about race and athletic ability; sport leadership; sport media coverage; the role of sport in racially-connected upward mobility Type: E Title: Implications 30. Why is it important for sport managers to know about people? a. Knowing about people is critical to success in sport management because the sport manager must understand the social context of sport and the meaning attached to that context in order to get people involved with and stay committed to a certain activity.