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Ch. 6 – Religion
Introduction
1. What aspects of religion (4) are of interest to geographers? (p.180)
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
d. ______________________________________________________________________
2. What is the importance of the Dalai Lama to the people of Tibet?
3. Why is the Dalai Lama in exile from Tibet?
4. What controversial actions has China taken in Tibet? Why?
Key Issue # 1 – Where are Religions Distributed?
5. What are the two types of religions in the world? How are they different?
Universalizing Religions
6. What are the three main universalizing religions?
a. _____________________________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________________________
c. _____________________________________________________________________
7. What are the three divisions into which universalizing religions are divided?
Christianity
8. How many adherents does Christianity have and where does it rank in world religions?
9. What fact demonstrates that Christianity is the most widely distributed religion?
10. What are the three branches of Christianity and what % of Christians belong to each?
11. In what regions of Europe is each branch most prominent?
12. What percentage of the Western Hemisphere is Christian?
13. Where are the highest concentrations of Roman Catholics in the Western Hemisphere?
14. What are the largest Christian denominations in the United States?
15. What are some of the region-specific clusters of Protestant denominations in the U.S.?
16. What are the two Christian branches in northeast Africa?
17. What significant role has the Armenian Christian church played in regional conflict?
Islam
18. In what regions is Islam the predominant religion?
19. In what 4 countries outside the Middle East do half the world’s Muslims live?
20. What does the word Islam mean in Arabic?
21. What does the word Muslim mean?
22. What are the five pillars of faith that form the core beliefs of Islam?
a. _______________________________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________________________
c. _______________________________________________________________________
d. _______________________________________________________________________
e. _______________________________________________________________________
23. What are the two important branches of Islam, and what do their Arabic names mean in English?
24. What % of all Muslims are Shiite, and what country is over 90% Shiite Muslim?
25. What European country has the largest % of Muslims?
26. What Muslim sect began in the United States, and what ideas did they advocate?
Buddhism
27. How many Buddhist adherents are there and where are they mainly found?
28. What are the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism?
a. _____________________________________________________________________
b. _____________________________________________________________________
c. _____________________________________________________________________
d. _____________________________________________________________________
29. Who was the founder of Buddhism?
30. What are the three branches of Buddhism, where is each primarily found and what are their
corresponding percentages of adherents?
a. ____________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________________
31. Why is an accurate count of Buddhists difficult?
32. How is Buddhism different from other universalizing religions?
Other Universalizing Religions
33. How many Sikhs are there and where do most of them live?
34. How many Baha’is are there and where do they live?
35. Who was the first guru (religious teacher or enlightener) of Sikhism?
36. What are the core beliefs of Sikhs?
37. What important ceremonies and practices were introduced to Sikhism by Gobind Singh (1666-1708)?
38. Where did the Baha’i religion originate and what is the function of its leader, Baha’u’llah?
Ethnic Religions
Hinduism
39. What is the largest ethnic religion? How many?
40. How does the distribution of ethnic religions differ from universalizing religions?
41. In what two countries is Hinduism the dominant religion?
42. What do Hindus believe about how to worship?
43. What are the various paths to God in Hinduism?
44. In what ways is Hinduism an extremely individualistic religion?
45. What are the various gods to which Hindus can choose to worship? Which one is most common?
Other Ethnic Religions
46. Why doesn’t Buddhism compete with Confucianism, Daoism, and other ethnic religions for
adherents?
Confucianism
47. What did the teachings of Confucius (551-479 B.C.) emphasize?
48. What series of ethical principles for orderly conduct in daily life in China are prescribed by
Confucianism?
Daoism (Taoism)
49. Who was the founder of Taoism and what did his writings emphasize?
50. What is the ultimate goal for a Taoist and how is it achieved?
Shintoism
51. Where is Shintoism the distinctive ethnic religion?
52. What deities did ancient Shintoists worship?
53. How did Shintoism evolve into a political cult?
54. How do present day Shintos continue practice their religion?
Judaism
55. Where are the highest concentrations of Jews in the world?
56. What is historically significant about Jews constituting a majority in Israel?
57. Why does Judaism play a more substantial role in Western civilization than its number of
adherents might suggest?
58. In what lands is Judaism based?
59. Who is the patriarch of Judaism?
60. What was Judaism the first recorded religion to do?
61. Why did Jews consider themselves to be God’s “chosen” people?
62. From what (who) is the name Judaism derived?
Ethnic African Religions
63. What are traditional African ethnic religions sometimes called, and what do they believe?
64. Why is so little known about African ethnic religions?
65. In which African countries do animist religions constitute at least half of the population?
66. What factor accounts for the rapid decline of animist religions throughout Africa?