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Project FP7 – ICT-318723 MATHEMACS D7.2 - Collection and processing of empirical data on multimodal human communications WP7 _24M _UNIBI Kaleidoscope Identification of levels Kinematic analysis of human movements A phase of motion during which the relative positions of some body parts remain unchanged along trajectories Movement Shapes Trajectori es Blocks Temporal organization Movements are organized and perceived in blocks Cognitive representa tions A movement can be understood in terms of a hierarchy of scales and approximated by the sum of a minimal set of linear trajectories with given accuracy Approximation of trajectories in a pirouette by straight lines 3N M s u s vTs , s 1 1 2 ... 3 N s ps 1 2 ... 3 N 3N H ps log ps s 1 Approximation of trajectories in a pirouette by plain curves (2D) Expert system for the movement quality assessment RFHD LFHD RSHO CLAV RUPA LASI STRN RASI LWRA RWRA LBHD LSHO C7 RSHO RBAK LUPA T10 RELB LPSI RPSI LFRA RFRA RWRA RWRB LELB LFIN RTHI LTHI RKNE LKNE RTIB RANK RTOE RBHD LTIB RFIN RKNE RTIB LANK LTOE LHEE RHEE Modeling the optimal motion sequences by representing functional alignment of markers in the major scale Expert system for the movement quality assessment RFHD LFHD RSHO CLAV RUPA LASI STRN RASI LWRA RWRA LBHD LSHO C7 RSHO RBAK LUPA T10 RELB LPSI RPSI LFRA RFRA RWRA RWRB LELB LFIN RTHI LTHI RKNE LKNE RTIB RANK RTOE RBHD LTIB RFIN RKNE RTIB LANK LTOE LHEE RHEE The kinematic signal representing the shape changes (the velocity of shape changes) – Procrustes analysis (A pre-processing of the kinematic data subtracting all Euclidean geometrical transformations (translations, dilatations, and mean rotations) that preserve the relative positions of markers). Movement analysis software developed: KAMCAD Towards an automated recognition of movements • The typical character of the movement ← the few major scales; • The minor scales → individual movement traits; • Such a functional separation of scales allows perceiving the movements categorically as the highly stylized figures of classical ballet. → Complexity of shape changes → → Complexity of trajectories → Links between cognitive and biomechanical levels of motor control Links between cognitive and biomechanical levels of motor control Links between cognitive and biomechanical levels of motor control Dynamic creation of blocks in space –time Organization of spatio-temporal structure Exploration–exploitation trade-off in a saltatory search behavior Exploration–exploitation trade-off in a saltatory search behavior How people organize their communications … in blocks of 10 minutes Communication in organizations: a dynamic view (UNI VE + UNI BI) Data collection was carried out in June and July 2010 in two firms: H‐farm (a venture incubator:75 employees, 9 start-ups) and H‐art (in the media industry, 71 employees). We analyze communication schedules within an organization: a) The communication group size; b) The duration of communications; c) The duration of the interval between similar communications; Communication events have neither characteristic sizes, … …nor characteristic durations min min This is a structure of communications (reflecting a structure of relationships) that is important. Informative events are about 10 minutes Mutual information is a measure of how much knowing that X speaks would reduce uncertainty about Y expressed in the joint distribution of X and Y (summed over all pairs of collocutors) Communication graphs: The nodes of the graphs represent individuals, and edges connecting them indicate non--‐zero probabilities of communication in the given duration. Structure of communication graphs The most richly diverse structure is observed in the moderately connected communication graphs, but neither for the densely connected graphs (for the short communication duration), nor for loosely connected graphs (for long communication durations). Study of communication graphs by random walks Conclusion on identification of levels in movements data , movement perception, spatio-temporal searching , communication … etc. Anti-Kuznets curve Hypothetical Kuznets curve Kuznets’ hypothesis (1950s): Market forces first increase and then decrease economic inequality. Anti-Kuznets curve Kuznets’ hypothesis (1950s): Market forces first increase and then decrease economic inequality. Inequality (IPLC) Hypothetical Kuznets curve (1992’$) Income (GDP per capita) Anti-Kuznets curve When the rate of return on capital significantly exceeds the growth rate of the economy, then it logically follows that inherited wealth grows faster than output and income, so that inherited wealth will dominate wealth amassed from a lifetime’s labor by a wide margin, and the concentration of capital will attain extremely high levels. Inequality (IPLC) The global economy depends upon investments: (1992’$) Income (GDP per capita) Anti-Kuznets curve If political system allows redistribution of extremely centralized capital, then … Otherwise , the system sticks … … economy growth stops … elites (children of) fall into hypercompetition, and instability comes. ▪ Hypercompetition in elites destabilizes states; ▪ Instabilities multiply polities; Inequality (IPLC) periods of requiring concentration and diffusion of capital.. (1992’$) Income (GDP per capita) The World Top Income database tells us that • Rapidly rising inequality marks wars/conflicts/ instabilities; • Global synchronization of inequality dynamics; Polity IV: 7,563 governance configurations Regulation of chief executive recruitment Unregulated Openness of Executive Recruitment Closed Competitivene ss of Executive Recruitment Unregulated Dual executive designation Transitional Selection Dual executive election Regulated Open Executive constrains Regulation of Participation Competitive ness of participation Unlimited Authority Unregulated Unregulated Intermediate Multiple identity Repressed Slight to moderate limitations Sectarian Suppressed Intermediate Substantial limitations Dual hereditary/co mpetitive Factional Restricted Transitional Intermediate Executive Parity Regulated Competitive + Interruption (foreign occupation) + Interregnum (anarchy) + Transitional = 7,566 “states” (political regimes) 232 configurations have been observed since 1800 New configurations arise sometimes. (Bhutan’ 2013) ~ 17,000 transitions Some monarchies are the most durable regimes Liberal democracy is the most often visited of all History seems to never end! Relation to homology theory w k k iTij w J c i, j k c cCycles Prc indicator(i,j)c Γ 1 , 2 ,... B (DFT of the flux circulation) Betti number “A fine structure of the stationary distribution” Polity IV tells us that • There should be a positive feedback, reinforcing the multiplication of polities; dN N dt • We witness the very beginning of a chain reaction process (of atomization of the polity landscape)
