Download Environmental Science Study Guide Fall Final Answer

Environmental Science Study Guide Fall Final
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
1. A scientist who studies a community of organisms and their nonliving environment is a(n)
____________________.
2. Scientists don’t guess answers to questions they have about the natural world; they use
____________________.
3. If the temperature in London reaches the freezing mark, the temperature is probably measured as 0°
____________________.
4. If you multiply length by width, you can find the ____________________ of a square or rectangle.
5. If you divide the mass of a substance by its volume, you can find its ____________________.
6. The study of fossils, the study of earthquakes, and the study of volcanoes all fall under the branch of Earth
science called ____________________.
7. A scientist may form a(n) ____________________ to answer a question even before observations or
experiments are made.
8. A person has a fever if his or her body temperature rises above 98.6° ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
meters
physical geographer
mass
area
geologist
mathematical model
hypothesis
liters
conceptual model
9. You can use ____________________ to measure the distance between two buildings.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
seismologist
geochemistry
ecologist
geology
10. A person who studies earthquakes is a(n) ____________________.
11. A person who studies organisms and their environment is a(n) ____________________.
12. The fuels that we use to run cars, ships, and factories and to generate electricity are called
____________________.
13. All living things are made up of the element ____________________.
14. Most of the carbon in fossil fuels exists as ____________________.
15. Black gold and crude oil are two common names for ____________________.
16. Methane, butane, and propane are three components that can be separated from ____________________.
17. When coal is burned, sulfur dioxide is released, which then can form ____________________.
18. Burning petroleum products causes an environmental problem called ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
biomass
coal
recycling
geothermal energy
chemical energy
nuclear energy
natural gas
renewable
petroleum
19. Resources such as trees, water, and most animals are ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
coal
smog
petroleum
natural gas
20. Burning petroleum is the main cause of air pollution called ____________________.
21. The average weather condition in an area over an extended period of time is known as
____________________.
22. The rock formation that is the source of mineral fragments in the soil is called the ___________________.
23. The ability of soil to hold and supply nutrients is called ____________________.
24. Bacteria and fungi decompose plants and animals to create ____________________.
25. The series of layers in which soil forms are called ____________________.
26. The pH of a soil influences how ____________________dissolve in the soil.
27. Maintaining the fertility of soil by protecting it from erosion and nutrient loss is known as
____________________.
28. Plants and trees protect the soil from ____________________ by acting as anchors to the soil.
29. To help prevent erosion, farmers will often plow across the slope of a hill. This technique is called
____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
abrasion
soil conservation
humus
acid precipitation
chemical weathering
climate
30. Rain, sleet, or snow with a high concentration of acids is called ____________________.
31. The same kind of weather in a place over a long time is its ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
leaching
bedrock
erosion
topsoil
chemical
humus
differential weathering
mechanical weathering
abrasion
32. Gardeners want a layer of rich _____________________ for their vegetable gardens.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
nonpoint-source
load
DO level
gradient
channel
alluvial fan
water table
point-source
delta
33. Runoff that contains fertilizer and pesticides and flows from neighborhood yards into street gutters is
____________________ pollution.
34. The boundary between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation is called the ____________________.
35. Where the Nile River flows into the Mediterranean, a fertile ____________________ has formed.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
cap rock
discharge
sediment
36. A layer of ____________________ is left behind whenever it floods.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
westerlies
trade winds
Coriolis effect
polar easterlies
secondary
greenhouse effect
thermal conduction
primary
37. When you pick up a hot cup, heat is transferred from the cup to your hand by ____________________.
38. Ozone and smog are examples of ____________________ pollutants.
39. Winds that flow toward the poles in the opposite direction of the trade winds are called
____________________.
40. The ____________________ is caused by gases in the atmosphere that absorb radiation and transfer heat.
41. Winds in the Northern Hemisphere traveling north curve to the east, and winds traveling south curve to the
west due to the ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
radiation
global warming
thermal conduction
convection current
42. Energy that moves as electromagnetic waves is called ____________________.
43. When the global temperature rises bit by bit it is called ____________________.
44. Warm air rising and cool air sinking is called a(n) ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
stratosphere
troposphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
45. If the layers of the atmosphere were a cake, the icing would be the ____________________.
46. The coldest layer of the atmosphere is the ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
latitude
tropical
temperate
elevation
deciduous trees
surface currents
evergreens
climate
prevailing winds
weather
47. The day-to-day change in temperature and precipitation makes up an area’s ____________________.
48. An area’s distance north or south of the equator is the area’s ____________________.
49. Large grazing animals, including bison, live in the ____________________ grasslands of North America.
50. At the end of the growing season ____________________ lose their leaves.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
solar maximum
Milankovitch theory
asteroid
Pangaea
51. Dinosaurs might have been killed by a climate change. The change may have been caused by the crash of a(n)
____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
greenhouse effect
global warming
52. A gradual increase in the average global temperature is called ____________________.
53. The Earth’s natural heating process, in which gases in the atmosphere trap thermal energy, is called the
____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
tundra
alpine
tropical rain forest
54. If you were in a very warm biome that received 210 cm of precipitation this year, you would be in the
____________________ biome.
55. It is July. You are in a place that has 24 hours of daylight. You are in the ____________________ biome.
56. Mt. Kilimanjaro, in the tropics, is one of the world’s highest mountains. Its climate belongs to the
____________________ biome.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
dry weather
snow
57. Deciduous trees are not the most common trees in the taiga because they are easily damaged by
____________________.
58. Waxy leaves help shrubs adapt to the ____________________ of chaparral regions.
59. Water used by people when they dig a well is ____________________.
60. A heavy rain falls on very wet soil. The flood caused by this event is due to ____________________.
61. After planting a vegetable garden on a city block for several years, the block’s residents stop planting and
caring for the garden. The area is soon covered with weeds. This is an example of ____________________.
62. The climate of a rocky mountaintop warms up over a few years. The icecap that covered the mountain is soon
replaced by grass and wildflowers. This is an example of ____________________.
63. The process of transpiration is part of the ____________________.
64. The process of respiration is part of the ____________________.
65. The process of decomposition is part of the ____________________.
66. Increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere may cause ____________________.
67. Lightning in the atmosphere may cause ____________________.
68. Steam comes from a teakettle filled with boiling water. This is an example of ____________________.
69. Moisture forms on the outside of a glass on a hot day. This is an example of ____________________.
70. In composting, gardeners allow a pile of plant material such as dead leaves to decay. Composting is a form of
____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
combustion
evaporation
succession
decomposition
photosynthesis
condensation
respiration
precipitation
71. Earth’s supply of fresh water is renewed by ____________________.
72. Lichens are important early contributors to ____________________.
73. Carbon is returned to the environment when sugar molecules are broken down during the process of
____________________.
74. The carbon in coal, oil, and natural gas is returned to the atmosphere during ____________________.
75. Water helps regulate body temperature through perspiration and ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
runoff
biodiversity
pioneer species
succession
groundwater
76. Precipitation that is stored in the ground is ____________________.
77. The growing of a community over time is ____________________.
78. The variety of species present in an area is called ____________________.
79. Precipitation that runs from land to rivers and lakes is ____________________.
80. The first living things to grow in an area are ____________________.
81. Losing one species could harm an entire ____________________.
82. Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of ____________________.
83. An unwanted change in the environment that is caused by harmful substances is called
____________________.
84. Natural resources that can be replaced at the same rate at which they are consumed are
____________________.
85. People practice ____________________ when they work to preserve natural resources.
86. Anything that causes pollution is a ____________________.
87. A resource that cannot last forever is a ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
renewable resource
nonrenewable resource
pollutant
88. A resource that can be used over and over is a ____________________.
89. The number and variety of organisms living in an area is called ____________________.
90. The presence of more individuals in an area than the area can support is called ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
biodiversity
conservation
overpopulation
91. The wise use and preservation of natural resources is called ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
estuary
biome
plankton
littoral zone
open-water zone
deep-water zone
wetland
savanna
92. Tiny organisms that float near the surface of the water and produce their own food are
____________________.
93. An ecosystem that plays an important role in flood control is a(n) ____________________.
94. A nutrient-rich area where fresh water from rivers mixes with salt water from the ocean is a(n)
____________________.
95. A large area characterized by its climate and the plants and animals that live there is a(n)
____________________.
96. The area of water closest to the edge of a lake or pond is the ____________________.
97. The area of a lake or pond where no sunlight reaches is the ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
swamp
forest
wetland
marsh
98. An important ecosystem for flood control is a _____________________.
99. A wetland with no trees is a(n) ____________________.
100. An ecosystem that has trees and is partly under water is a ____________________.
101. A lake filled with sediment may become a wetland and then a ____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
temperate
deciduous forest
desert
tundra
102. A dromedary is an animal that can travel for many days without drinking water. You would expect to find the
dromedary in a ____________________ biome.
103. The hare curls up to stay warm. It has a short tail and ears that hold in body heat. The hare would most likely
live in a ____________________ biome.
104. The white-tailed deer has a spotted coat that helps it blend in with trees. This deer would most likely be found
in a ____________________ biome.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
deciduous
conifer
105. A redwood is a tree that has cones and leaves shaped like needles. Therefore, a redwood is a
____________________.
106. The sugar maple tree has leaves that turn yellow, orange, and red in fall. Therefore, a sugar maple is a
____________________ tree.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
swamp
marsh
estuary
107. You are in an area with fast-moving water that spills into the ocean. You are in a(n) ____________________.
108. You are in an area with standing water and willows. You are in a(n) ____________________.
109. You are in an area near the shore of a pond with many grasses and no trees. You are in a(n)
____________________.
Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences below.
coniferous forest
tropical rain forest
savanna
110. You are in Africa. It is summer and dried grass covers the ground. You are likely in a
____________________.
111. It is winter. You are in a place with tall trees full of leaves. It is 0°C. You are likely in a
____________________.
112. You are in a place with many trees that receives 300 cm of rainfall per year. You are likely in a
____________________.
113. An ecosystem consists of the living and ____________________ environment.
114. The physical area in which an organism lives is its ____________________.
115. Ernst Haeckel coined the term ____________________ to describe the study of how organisms interact with
one another and with their environment.
116. The living organisms in a habitat are called ____________________ factors.
117. The number of species living within an ecosystem is a measure of its ____________________.
118. The sequential replacement of populations in an area that has not previously supported life is called
____________________ succession.
119. The small, fast-growing plants that are the first organisms to live in a habitat are called
____________________ ____________________.
120. A receding glacier is a good example of ____________________ ____________________.
121. Everything that organisms do in ecosystems, such as running, breathing, burrowing, and growing, requires
____________________.
122. Animals known as ____________________ eat only primary producers.
123. An organism that eats a primary consumer is called a(n) ____________________ consumer.
124. The term ____________________ is given to the bacteria that break down dead tissue.
125. The primary productivity of an ecosystem is a measure of the amount of organic material that the
____________________ organisms in the ecosystem produce.
126. In an ecosystem, ____________________ diminishes at each successive trophic level.
127. A path of energy through the trophic levels of an ecosystem is called a(n) ____________________
____________________.
128. The interrelated food chains in an ecosystem are called a(n) ____________________
____________________.
129. Decomposers are part of a special class of consumers called ____________________.
130. An energy pyramid shows the amount of energy contained in the bodies of organisms at each
____________________ level.
131. Every time that energy is transferred in an ecosystem, potential energy is lost as ____________________.
132. When forests are cut down, both water and nutrient ____________________ are altered.
133. Water that seeps into the soil is called ____________________ water.
134. Carbon is returned to the atmosphere by cellular respiration, combustion, and ____________________.
135. The conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonia by the action of bacteria is called ____________________
____________________.
136. The formation of sulfuric acid in the atmosphere causes ____________________ ____________________.
137. Pollutants called ____________________ are converted into free chlorine that eventually destroys the
protective ozone layer.
138. The heat-trapping ability of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere is known as the
____________________ ____________________.
139. As molecules of pollutants pass up through the trophic levels of the food chain, they become increasingly
concentrated in a process called ____________________ ____________________.
140. Water trapped beneath the soil, largely in porous rock, is known as ____________________
____________________.
141. The reason that ____________________ resources must be conserved is that they cannot replenish
themselves naturally.
142. A great deal of water is found beneath the soil within porous rock reservoirs called ____________________.
143. The ____________________ countries on Earth are experiencing the greatest increase in population growth.
144. The back-and-forth evolutionary adjustments between interacting members of an ecosystem are called
____________________.
145. In a parasitic relationship, the organism that provides benefits to another organism at its own expense is called
the ____________________.
146. The general term for the biotic relationship in which one organism feeds upon another is
____________________.
147. A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and another is often harmed but not killed is called
____________________.
148. When two or more species evolve in response to each other, it is called ____________________.
149. The symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other neither benefits nor suffers harm is
called ____________________.
150. The term ____________________ is used to describe a close relationship between two dissimilar organisms
in which one organism usually benefits.
151. A fish called a cleaner wrasse eats the tiny parasites that cling to and feed upon much larger fish. Therefore,
the cleaner wrasse has a(n) ____________________ relationship with the larger fish.
152. A(n) ____________________ describes the habitat, feeding habits, other aspects of an organism’s biology,
and its interactions with other organisms and the environment.
153. The struggle among organisms for the same limited natural resources is called ____________________.
154. The total niche that an organism is potentially able to use within an ecosystem is called that organism’s
____________________ ____________________.
155. The prevailing weather conditions in any given area is called the area’s ____________________.
156. A major biological community that occurs over a large area of land is called a(n) ____________________.
157. The thick, continually frozen layer of ground found in the northern tundra is called ____________________.
158. The biome that makes up most of the central part of the continental United States is ____________________
____________________.
159. A(n) ____________________ is open, windswept ground that is always frozen.
160. Coniferous trees are predominantly found in the ____________________ biome.
161. Trees that lose their leaves every year are known as ____________________.
162. Elk and moose may live in the ____________________, areas that are also the primary source of the world’s
lumber.
163. A biome that is characterized by lush vegetation, abundant rain, and year-round warm temperatures is a(n)
____________________ ____________________ ____________________.
164. A dry grassland known as a(n) ____________________ is the home of elephants, giraffes, and lions, having
open, widely spaced trees and seasonal rainfall.
Environmental Science Study Guide Fall Final
Answer Section
COMPLETION
1. ANS: ecologist
DIF: 1
REF: 1
2. ANS: scientific methods
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
3. ANS: Celsius
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
4. ANS: area
REF: 4
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
5. ANS: density
REF: 4
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
6. ANS: geology
REF: 4
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
7. ANS: hypothesis
REF: 1
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
8. ANS: Fahrenheit
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
9. ANS: meters
REF: 4
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
10. ANS: seismologist
REF: 4
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
11. ANS: ecologist
REF: 1
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 1
12. ANS: energy resources
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
13. ANS: carbon
REF: 2
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 2
14. ANS: hydrocarbons
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
15. ANS: petroleum
OBJ: 2
REF: 2
DIF: 1
16. ANS: natural gas
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 2
17. ANS: acid precipitation
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
18. ANS: smog
REF: 2
OBJ: 5
DIF: 1
19. ANS: renewable
REF: 2
OBJ: 5
DIF: 1
20. ANS: smog
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
21. ANS: climate
REF: 2
OBJ: 5
DIF: 1
22. ANS: parent rock
REF: 2
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
23. ANS: fertility
REF: 3
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
24. ANS: humus
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
25. ANS: horizons
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
26. ANS: nutrients
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 3
27. ANS: soil conservation
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
28. ANS: erosion
REF: 3
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 4
29. ANS: contour plowing
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 4
30. ANS: acid precipitation
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
31. ANS: climate
OBJ: 2
REF: 1
DIF: 1
32. ANS: topsoil
REF: 2
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
REF: 3
33. ANS: nonpoint-source
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
34. ANS: water table
REF: 4
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
35. ANS: delta
REF: 3
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
36. ANS: sediment
REF: 2
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 2
37. ANS: thermal conduction
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
38. ANS: secondary
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
39. ANS: westerlies
REF: 2
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 3
40. ANS: greenhouse effect
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
REF: 2
41. ANS: Coriolis effect
OBJ: 3
DIF: 2
42. ANS: radiation
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 2
43. ANS: global warming
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 2
44. ANS: convection current
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
REF: 2
45. ANS: thermosphere
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
46. ANS: mesosphere
REF: 1
OBJ: 4
DIF: 2
47. ANS: weather
REF: 1
OBJ: 4
DIF: 1
REF: 1
OBJ: 1
48. ANS: latitude
DIF: 1
49. ANS: temperate
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 3
50. ANS: deciduous trees
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
51. ANS: asteroid
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 4
52. ANS: global warming
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 4
53. ANS: greenhouse effect
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
REF: 4
54. ANS: tropical rain forest
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
55. ANS: tundra
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
56. ANS: alpine
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
57. ANS: snow
REF: 3
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
58. ANS: dry weather
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 3
59. ANS: groundwater
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
60. ANS: runoff
REF: 1
OBJ: 1
DIF: 2
REF: 1
61. ANS: secondary succession
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 2
62. ANS: primary succession
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
63. ANS: water cycle
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 1
64. ANS: carbon cycle
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 1
65. ANS: nitrogen cycle
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 1
66. ANS: global warming
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
REF: 1
67. ANS: nitrogen fixation
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
68. ANS: evaporation
REF: 1
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
REF: 1
69. ANS: condensation
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 1
70. ANS: decomposition
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 1
71. ANS: precipitation
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
72. ANS: succession
REF: 1
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
73. ANS: respiration
REF: 2
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
74. ANS: combustion
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
75. ANS: evaporation
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 1
76. ANS: groundwater
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
77. ANS: succession
REF: 1
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
78. ANS: biodiversity
REF: 2
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
79. ANS: runoff
REF: 2
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
REF: 1
80. ANS: pioneer species
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
81. ANS: ecosystem
REF: 2
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 2
82. ANS: nonrenewable resources
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
83. ANS: pollution
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 1
84. ANS: renewable resources
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 1
85. ANS: conservation
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
86. ANS: pollutant
REF: 2
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 1
87. ANS: nonrenewable resource
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
REF: 1
88. ANS: renewable resource
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
89. ANS: biodiversity
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
REF: 2
90. ANS: overpopulation
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
REF: 1
91. ANS: conservation
OBJ: 4
DIF: 1
92. ANS: plankton
REF: 1
OBJ: 1
DIF: 1
93. ANS: wetland
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
94. ANS: estuary
REF: 2
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
95. ANS: biome
REF: 2
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
96. ANS: littoral zone
REF: 2
OBJ: 1
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
97. ANS: deep-water zone
DIF: 1
98. ANS: wetland
REF: 3
OBJ: 2
DIF: 1
99. ANS: marsh
REF: 3
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
100. ANS: swamp
REF: 3
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
101. ANS: forest
REF: 3
OBJ: 3
DIF: 1
102. ANS: desert
REF: 3
OBJ: 4
DIF: 2
103. ANS: tundra
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
REF: 1
104. ANS: temperate deciduous forest
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
105. ANS: conifer
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
106. ANS: deciduous
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
107. ANS: estuary
REF: 1
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
108. ANS: swamp
REF: 2
OBJ: 3
DIF: 2
109. ANS: marsh
REF: 3
OBJ: 3
DIF: 2
110. ANS: savanna
REF: 3
OBJ: 3
DIF: 2
REF: 1
111. ANS: coniferous forest
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
REF: 1
112. ANS: tropical rain forest
OBJ: 2
DIF: 2
113. ANS: nonliving
OBJ: 2
REF: 1
DIF: I
114. ANS: habitat
OBJ: 16.1.1
DIF: I
115. ANS: ecology
OBJ: 16.1.1
DIF: I
116. ANS: biotic
OBJ: 16.1.1
DIF: I
117. ANS: biodiversity
OBJ: 16.1.1
DIF: I
118. ANS: primary
OBJ: 16.1.2
DIF: I
OBJ: 16.1.3
119. ANS: pioneer species
DIF: I
OBJ: 16.1.3
120. ANS: primary succession
DIF: I
121. ANS: energy
OBJ: 16.1.3
DIF: I
122. ANS: herbivores
OBJ: 16.2.1
DIF: I
123. ANS: secondary
OBJ: 16.2.1
DIF: I
OBJ: 16.2.1
124. ANS: decomposers
DIF: I
OBJ: 16.2.1
125. ANS: photosynthetic
DIF: II
126. ANS: energy
OBJ: 16.2.1
DIF: I
127. ANS: food chain
OBJ: 16.2.1
DIF: I
128. ANS: food web
OBJ: 16.2.2
DIF: I
129. ANS: detritivores
OBJ: 16.2.2
DIF: II
130. ANS: trophic
OBJ: 16.2.2
DIF: I
131. ANS: heat
OBJ: 16.2.2
DIF: I
132. ANS: cycles
OBJ: 16.2.3
DIF: I
133. ANS: ground
OBJ: 16.3.1
DIF: I
134. ANS: erosion
OBJ: 16.3.1
DIF: I
OBJ: 16.3.2
135. ANS: nitrogen fixation
DIF: II
136. ANS:
acid rain
acid precipitation
OBJ: 16.3.3
DIF: II
OBJ: 18.1.1
137. ANS:
CFCs
chlorofluorocarbons
DIF: II
OBJ: 18.1.2
138. ANS: greenhouse effect
DIF: II
OBJ: 18.1.3
139. ANS: biological magnification
DIF: II
OBJ: 18.2.1
140. ANS: ground water
DIF: II
OBJ: 18.2.2
141. ANS: nonrenewable
DIF: I
142. ANS: aquifers
OBJ: 18.2.2
DIF: II
143. ANS: developing
OBJ: 18.2.2
DIF: II
144. ANS: coevolution
OBJ: 18.2.4
DIF: II
145. ANS: host
OBJ: 17.1.1
DIF: I
146. ANS: predation
OBJ: 17.1.2
DIF: I
147. ANS: parasitism
OBJ: 17.1.2
DIF: I
148. ANS: coevolution
OBJ: 17.1.2
DIF: II
OBJ: 17.1.2
149. ANS: commensalism
DIF: I
150. ANS: symbiosis
OBJ: 17.1.3
DIF: I
151. ANS: mutualistic
OBJ: 17.1.3
DIF: II
152. ANS: niche
OBJ: 17.1.3
DIF: I
153. ANS: competition
OBJ: 17.2.1
DIF: I
OBJ: 17.2.1
154. ANS: fundamental niche
DIF: I
155. ANS: climate
OBJ: 17.2.2
DIF: I
156. ANS: biome
OBJ: 17.3.1
DIF: I
157. ANS: permafrost
OBJ: 17.3.2
DIF: I
OBJ: 17.3.3
158. ANS: temperate grasslands
DIF: I
159. ANS: tundra
OBJ: 17.3.3
DIF: I
160. ANS: taiga
OBJ: 17.3.3
DIF: I
OBJ: 17.3.4
161. ANS: deciduous
DIF: I
162. ANS: taiga
OBJ: 17.3.4
DIF: I
OBJ: 17.3.4
163. ANS: tropical rain forest
DIF: I
164. ANS: savanna
OBJ: 17.3.4
DIF: I
OBJ: 17.3.4